• Dating In The Dark Episode Recap
• Dating In The Dark Usa Season 1 Episode 6
• Dating In The Dark Us

Here's a fresh re-upload guys, better quality, we're all happy right? Fashion Nova is the top online fashion store for women. Shop sexy club dresses, jeans, shoes, bodysuits, skirts and more. Cheap & affordable fashion online. In the United States, it has been calculated that a quarter of all personal spending takes place during the Christmas/holiday shopping season. Figures from the U.S. Census Bureau reveal that expenditure in department stores nationwide rose from $20.8 billion in November 2004 to $31.9 billion in December 2004, an increase of 54 percent.

• Expat Dating in Germany - chatting and dating - Front page DE
• Brianka Ukraine Dating Customs
• Dead dating ptt dating sites for older singles australia ...
• Best free dating apps in ukraine. girlfriend search best ...
• International Dating Singles Tours - Dating Service
• Ukraine - Wikitravel
• Ukrainian Brides: How To Meet Ukrainian Women For Marriage
• Ukraine Girl for Dating Meet Ukrainian Single Woman ...
• Ukraine Brides, Online dating chat, video chat with single ...
• Ukrainian brides: online dating and marriage agency

Partially, it is true, but in whole, not exactly. Most Ukrainian women live in Ukraine, and have their own language, traditions and customs. When Ukraine was a part of Russia and the Soviet Union, all Ukrainian women were considered to be Russian. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Ukraine declared its independence and became a free state. Ukraine Girls and women from Ukraine are feminine, sophisticated, and good looking women Ukraine Girls for Marriage - They will be great life partners for lucky ones Read how to date Ukraine ladies Meet Beautiful and Single Ukrainian women for Marriage from Kyiv, Odessa, Nikolaev, Kharkov, Kherson, etc If you are looking for a romantic date with Ukraine Lady Visit Ukrainian Dating Agency ... Online dating guide for expats. Living in Germany is an incredible opportunity to rediscover and reinvent yourself, including the romantic side of your life. Transcending cultural differences and customs is just a small step to achieve that. Online Dating Guide Ukraine's official currency is the hryvnia (₴, UAH), and you will certainly need it to purchase goods.Currency exchange points that exchange Euros, US dollars, Russian rubles and British pounds are very common in cities, and the exchange rate is usually very fair (except in Kyiv, where the exchange rate is higher compared to other cities). Dating syllabes. Dating website looking for marriage, great dating site questions. Evangelical christian dating sites. How to tell if online dating profile is fake dating phrases in korean kentucky fried chicken dating sim just lunch dating dublin, dating shyness dating a grieving man, what is the number 1 dating app apps in europe free app. best Best free? ukraine. dating search girlfriend ... Dating in iraqi culture dating apps ukraine u999u666.com. ... Virgo man dating cancer woman. Amish dating customs? Uk dating age difference law. How do scientists use relative and absolute dating, marriage without dating watch online drama korea marriage not dating episode 1 sub indo. Dating status message. International Dating Singles Tours Meet 500 to 2000 Beautiful Women on Our 7, 10, 14, and 17 Day Tours. We offer a wide variety of singles tours each year - more than all of our competitors combined! The Fast and Free way to Bang Local Girls. Let’s be honest, you’re here because you’re tired of jerking off, swiping endlessly on regular dating Brianka Ukraine Dating Customs apps, and wasting your hard-earned money at bars and clubs. Imagine your life if you could cut all that out, and simply bang girls online who have requested a guy like you to fuck them in the next 30 Brianka ... Our dating website is a great beginning for your new happy life with a charming woman, close family and beloved children. Ukrainian girls are insanely hot. It’s a fact. They started to get so much attention both online and offline when this fact was discovered by the world. There are plenty of dating sites dedicated to gorgeous Ukrainian females. The rate of success for contacting Ukraine women for marriage is very high. Some of the Ukraine ladies find true love in just a few months after they marry a man from Europe. However, some ladies remain single for years. The best option for these ladies is to find a reliable international dating agency. Ukraine: The Travel Guide

Twenty Second Jump

2021.12.22 21:48 SordahonTwenty Second Jump

submitted bySordahontoJumpChain [link][comments]

2021.12.15 18:39 baconcheeseburger33BWX Technology (BWXT) – A nuclear technology company, and a 100-year-old navy supplier

Recently I discovered an interesting company, and therefore I decided to do an analysis and post it here for your feedback. As usual, this is not a financial advice, rather, it is more like an observation of how a low-profile company that without a fancy story, despite working in some hot sectors, can be missed out by speculators.
Here is a link to my previous analysis of CVS if you would like to read that as well: Reddit Link
TLDR
Supplier of nuclear reactors and components to the USN, sole supplier of nuclear fuel to the USN; extremely high entry barrier.
1 of the 2 contractors to design & build a mobile nuclear reactor for the DOD, a technology that can change military logistics.
Grid inertia remains a critical challenge for the adoption of renewable energy, while SMmicroreactor is a feasible and cheaper solution.
Defense, green energy, and space exploration stock.
At a fair price even if we assume a low growth scenario.
Introduction
BWX Technologies (BWXT) is a nuclear reactor manufacturer and service provider. Originally founded as the Babcock & Wilcox Company around 150 years ago, BWX Technologies, the nuclear power business, is now trading separately from the Babcock & Wilcox Enterprise (BW). The company has a very long history working with the US navy, from the boilers used in the great white fleet and the USS Missouri battleship, to the reactor components of the first nuclear submarine. Nowadays, BWXT is still involved in nuclear reactors used in the navy, including those used on the Nimitz and Ford class carriers; and is a sole supplier of nuclear fuel to the navy. (AFAIK the whole A1B reactor system is designed and built by the Bechtel, those components like steam generatoreactopressurizer are provided by BWXT).
This company generates its revenue from nuclear related business, around 80% of that is from the government, and 20% of it is from the civilian market, mainly in Canada. This company has 3 groups of business, and they are the:

1. Nuclear Operation Group (NOG), around 77% of revenue
2. Nuclear Power Group (NPG), around 17% of revenue
3. Nuclear Service Group (NSG), around 6% of revenue

NOG The Nuclear Operation Group mainly designs and manufactures nuclear components, reactors, and fuels to the US Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program, which can be seen something headed by the Department of Energy and the US Navy. Even though the NOG group relies heavily on a single customer, as a leading provider of the nuclear reactors for the US nuclear carriers and submarines, and one of the two TRISO fuel, a meltdown proof fuel, providers in the US (the other company is X-Energy, a private company), BWXT generates a very stable revenue from this group, and is pretty much safe from the entry of new competitors challenging its core business. Still, as around 90% of the revenue in this group is from the US government, any cut in the naval budget will severely affect the earnings.
NPG The Nuclear Power Group is the civilian business sector of BWXT, it manufactures nuclear components, fuels, and provides services to nuclear plants, including supplying equipment for the storage of nuclear waste. It also manufactures some radio-compounds for medical uses, accounting for around 10% of its revenue in this group. Unlike the NOG, the NPG mainly operates in Canada, which contributes 83% of revenue in this group; a recent example is the Darlington SMR project in Ontario. Due to the nature of its business, the revenue is, again, pretty much stable, and recurring; and this group has a much higher growth potential than the NOG.
NSG The Nuclear Service Group is more like an R&D and management service provider, it manages nuclear waste for the DOE, as well as managing some nuclear production facilities, and develop new technologies for different parties mainly in the US; for example, a mobile nuclear reactor project, the Project Pele, awarded by the Department of Defense, and a nuclear propulsion reactor project, awarded by NASA. Even though this group contributes just around 6% of the company revenue, any successful design project will bring revenue to the other groups in the future.
Debt Next, we want to look at its debt, the due date, and the interest rate. The company has $1.25B debt, all of them are due in 2025 or later:

Amount ($M)	Interest rates	Mature in
465	1.58%	2025
400	5.375%	2026
400	4.125%	2029

Since the net cash from operation of this company is pretty stable, at around 200-300M per year, the company should have no problem paying interests of its debt. However, the debt level of this company has increased over the past few years, and this is a little bit concerning.
Project Pele A project awarded by the Department of Defense, the Project Pele aims to create a mobile and fast-deployable nuclear microreactor. It is expected that BWXT, and its competitor X-Energy, will deliver a microreactor design in the early 2022, and deliver a prototype reactor in 2023. Even though I am no expert in military logistics, I can see how this technology can provide more flexibility in military strategy. Not only it allows the military to deploy faster in war or emergency response (in cases like the tornado earlier), but it also reduces the usage of land transport. (In the war with Iraq and Afghanistan in the last decade, most of the casualties were occurred during land transport missions.)
Renewable energy and Carbon reduction Adopting renewable energy sounds easier than done, we are seeing countries vigorously abandoning fossil fuels and adopt renewable sources from wind or solar, banning capital investment in the fossil fuel industries, closing existing plants, etc. As a result, the European energy crisis, caused by multiple downsides of solawind, is getting worse in winter. One of the biggest problems of using solar / wind is that these sources are intermittent, meaning that not only it is an unstable source, but also is a challenge to response to the demand peak; one solution is to store those surplus energy using lithium battery (a reason why the government is pushing EV so hard), but it requires huge capital spending into upgrading the existing grids.
The technology advancement in nuclear power provides a feasible and cheaper alternative. The TRISO fuel technology make the fuel impossible to melt down in nuclear fission reaction; the small modular reactor, which uses fewer parts, operates semi-autonomously and can be assembled in factories, further reduces the risk of system failure. Moreover, using nuclear power is way easier to provide grid inertia, making it an affordable yet clean complement to the adoption of solar / wind power in the future, especially in the areas that rely on coal plants or diesel generators.
Geopolitics and Naval spending
There are a few factors that might affect naval spending in the coming years:
Russia annexing the coastline of Ukraine and expand its naval capacity with the shipping docks and steel factories there.
Expanding Chinese navy that poses a threat to the US sea power.
AUKUS – Australia has planned to buy 8 nuclear submarines.
Valuation We will valuate this company in 2 steps, the first step is to find out how much this company is worth in a scenario that the company doesn’t perform well in the future, delivering 3% growth; and the second step in to incorporate those growth factors, delivering a higher growth period in the next few years.
The company has maintained an EBIT margin at around 16 – 18% in the past 5 years, so here we normalized that at 16.5% for the valuation; The company has maintained an ROIC at around 20 – 30% in the past few years, so we will construct 2 cases using 20 and 30% ROIC to calculate its reinvestment level. Assuming the company will remain a low growth, at 3%, in the future, and will have a cost of capital slightly lower than the avg. sp500 return, at 7%, we can estimate its value is between $45.86 – $49.39.
Now we consider some potential catalysts of growth:

Event	Impact	Probability	Market Growth
Project Pele	High	Mid	Microreactor – 18.9%
Adoption of green energy	High	High	Microreactor – 18.9%, SMR – 11.9%
Geopolitics (Russia)	Mid	Low	US Naval Budget – 2-3%
Geopolitics (China)	High	High	US Naval Budget, AUKUS Sales

Since the most of BWXT’s revenue comes from the government, especially from the military; even we assume that the company can capture some growth in the SMR and microreactor market, high growth is still hardly achievable when the military budget is growing at a slow rate at around 2-3%. In the second model, we assumed the company can reach a higher growth in the following 5 years, at a total growth rate of 6%, which gradually reduce to 3% in the 6th year; while its EBIT margin reduces when the company grows larger, from 16.5%, gradually to 15%. The estimated value of the share is 63.4, around 30% higher than its current price at $48.
Conclusion Recently, Nuscale, a small modular reactor company, has decided to go public through SPAC, and it is expected that it will have a $1.9 billion enterprise value. Perhaps in the short term, hot money from the speculators might flow into this nuclear technology sector, benefitting BWXT as well.
But unlike its competitors in the SMR field, BWXT already has some well-established revenue streams. I believe that the stable cash flow, as well as its capacity in mass manufacturing nuclear components, will be the imperative growth drivers for BWXT to perform well in this emerging sector in the coming future.
submitted bybaconcheeseburger33toValueInvesting [link][comments]

2021.12.14 21:34 AmrickDecember 9, 2021 - Wedding Breakdown: Winter Holiday theme for 45 guests w/kids in NorCal

We live in Hawaii but my parents live in NorCal so we planned a destination wedding from Hawaii. We kept it small due to the risk of COVID and my mother is living with early-onset Alzheimer's. And a bonus, no one got COVID.
Because we live in Hawaii but had the wedding in NorCal, I really leaned into the idea of a winter wedding with a festive/xmas vibe. It was gorgeous! We also had kids at the wedding. Originally, it would have been 10 kids but in the end, only 5 were there.
Stole the format from a fellow bride recap.
Date: Thursday, December 9, 2021
Venue: The BLOC in Roseville, CA. I loved the airy open urban space.
Welcome Party: My sister got some catering from a Vietnamese restaurant. She must have spent a few hundred bucks plus disposable dinnerware, drinks, etc. It was held at her house and low-key. We just had immediate families attend plus my 3 aunties who stepped in as my mom.
Rehearsal Dinner: $1000. We went to a Chinese restaurant and had one of those traditional 10 dishes served family-style. My dad helped to pay for this but we were ready to pay for it ourselves.
Wedding Total Cost: ~$35,000
We paid for everything. My dad contributed $5,000 and one of my aunts contributed $2,000. My dad also paid for the rehearsal dinner that was $1,000.
Guests: 89 invited; 45 attended. We wanted to keep it under 50 people so we invited in the tiering format of A list, B list, C list. As a result, some people were invited last minute and couldn't attend.
Invitations: $200 with those discount codes. No STDs and I went with Minted.
COVID precautions: Vaccinations were required for all eligible adults and children. All my vendors were vaccinated except 1 team who took a COVID test. They were also masked up the entire time. Our catering/bartenders team also wore masks - regardless of status due to sanitary reasons.
Priorities: No one getting sick. The food, ambiance, and fun!
Major Expenses:
Venue: $4850 for JUST the venue. It was more for Friday-Sunday weddings so I opted for a Thursday wedding. The venue fee came with tables and chairs up to 250 guests so that was good. Read the contract carefully because we also had to get venue/event insurance.
Rentals: $3500 or so. We had to rent dinnerware at $12 a set for each person. We also rented a sweetheart table, two nicer chairs for it, a lounge set, candle sets, and things like ice buckets, tongs, etc. We also got a bar sign, a photo backdrop (wedding planner made it), frames, and a card box from my wedding planner. We rented from 3 different places: the venue, a rental company, and my planner.
Photographer: $2900 for 6 hours. We went with Sydnie Leah. She is great and super nice. I regret not having her take more portraits of our different family units. I think we only got our immediate families and 2 other aunts/uncles. It was so chaotic that I didn't care and just left to go mingle. It's my fault and my dad's going to be pissed when he realizes we didn't get any family photos.
Videographer: $1500. We went with Journey Weddings. It was a duo brother team from Ukraine and they were the sweetest. They were cheaper because they were just starting out but they have mad skills and recently, they upgraded their equipment so prices have gone up. Hubby does videos for fun so he knew what he liked in them.
Food: ~$7,600 for the catering company with gratuity & service charge.

• We went with Sacramento Catering Collective. They also provided water and lemonade dispensers. They also provided coffee.
  
• For passed appetizers during cocktail hour, we had 3 choices of a grilled cheese sandwich with tomato soup shooter, deviled eggs with caviar, and tuna tartare.
  
• Dinner was a 4-course plated meal that included: scallops for appetizers, salad, and a choice entree of seared chicken breast with mashed potatoes, halibut, or filet mignon with white rice (We're Asian).
  
• Dessert was supposed to be chocolate creme brulee but they changed it last minute to panna cotta with some toppings.
  
• We also had a hot cocoa bar where they made the hot chocolate and bought all the toppings like mini marshmallows, sea salt, sprinkles, chocolate chips, syrup, etc. I got the little decor stuff off amazon and jars from dollar tree.
  
• Instead of place cards, we had custom macarons from Rooftop Macarons ($300). I had each person receive TWO macarons. One was white with their name custom-written on the front (lemon raspberry flavored). The second macaron was dark forest green with gold foil splashed (strawberry cheesecake). Both were tucked in a clear plastic box and tied with a gold ribbon. Each guest's name was displayed on the top so you would walk to the table and see your name and sit there.
  

Alcohol: $700 with open bar. We had one bottle of each type of liquor (vodka, gin, tequila, whiskey, cognac, etc) and beewine. All were from Costco. We also had to provide mixers so we bought club soda, tonic water, OJ, cranberry juice, coca-cola, sprite, diet coke. We also bought champagne and sparkling water.
We had a welcome drink of champagne and then sparkling water at the dinner table. Wine was also brought out at the dinner table, and we had a champagne toast.
DJ: $1500 We hired Party with Rocky and he was mostly the MC. His other DJ also came and did the songs. We didn't want guests' requests but should have specifically said so because my husband's cousin requested some ratchet ass songs that nobody wanted and it was like 5 of them dancing. Later, when the song changed, everybody else got on the dance floor.
Magician: $425. We had a magician come during cocktail hour!! He did 'strolling magic' where he came up to the little groups and did close-up magic like David Blaine style. The kiddos loved it.
Kid Activity Kits: $120. Because we had kids at the wedding, I knew we had to preoccupy them with something. We bought dark green gift bags from amazon and stuffed them with a free coloring book that I printed online (one of those you just fold in half), a small set of crayons, small puzzles, bubbles, glow sticks, and other dollar store type toys. I also bought a few board games like Uno, Connect 4, and Jenga for them to play with. The games weren't needed and it would have been fine.
Florals: $3,500. I wanted a winter wedding vibe without it being TOO christmas-y so it was dark green greenery with white florals, and pops of gold with pinecones! I loved our florist! She was one of those that you can tell knows what she's doing and just give her your vision aka Pinterest and she'll make it happen within your budget.
We did not have a bridal party so it was just a bouquet, boutonniere for my dad, corsage for MIL, flowers for the arch, centerpieces, flowers for the welcome table, hot cocoa bar, cocktail hours/lounge, and we also did greenery on the chandeliers as well as covered these black arches in greenery with white florals. It was GORGEOUS!!! I love flowers and honestly, I would have spent the entire budget on twinkle lights and flowers if I could. We also had a 6 foot Christmas tree with white lights where the kid activity bags were kept! The tree was $85 and lights were like $20 from Costco and some ribbon from Amazon.
Centerpieces were dark green greenery with white florals and candles of different pillars sizes.
Wedding Coordinator: $3500 for a full-service planner. She helped me to plan everything from afar. I took care of the details like designing all my custom napkins but she did all the major coordination with the timeline, setting everything up, taking care of the rentals - basically whatever I didn't want to do.
Bride Attire: $1300. I had 3 dresses!

• My first one was a Maggie Soterro that I bought as a sample sale. I'm a size 0 and the dress was an 8!!! The tailors made it extremely fitted for me. It was around $628 and then tailoring was $325.
  
• My second dress was a traditional Vietnamese dress (ao dai) that I ordered custom-fitted off of Etsy. That was like $209.
  
• My third dress was a party/reception dress and it was a long satin white dress with a slit up to the thigh from Windsor. It was like $45 off Poshmark but NWT and originally would be like $50-60.
  

Welcome bags: $150-200. We bought dark green gift bags from Amazon and custom-ordered some 'welcome to our wedding' stickers from Etsy. Inside, I filled them with edible goodies like bottled water, Maui Fruit Jewels, Mauna Loa mac nuts, chips/cookies, etc. Since we're from Hawaii, I included some goodies from there.
Officiant: $300. We went with Erica from Platinum Notary. She was excellent and really nice. She read from her phone the entire time but whatever. It was fine. Other officiants cost more and this wasn't the biggest priority.
Signage: Originally $500 but it ended up being $1,000. Originally, the $500 fee was fine but because I had a few last-minute revisions, we had to pay for her to redo a lot of the vinyl and printing. It wasn't worth it. This was a DISASTER. The signs did not look like what she said at all. The welcome sign rental stand was too small for th white drape. The drape had a stain on it. The cards/sanitize/hot cocoa bar was just simple glass taken from frames with NOTHING TO HOLD THEM UP. I was beyond pissed but couldn't do anything. The wedding planner did some things where she stood it up by leaning it on things but it was terrible. The escort chart was fine but looked cheap with the mirror that I rented from. Read below for lessons learned.
Hair & Makeup: $280 with tip. I had Beauty by Jasmine. She did fine with everything and gave me fake lashes. I wish I had known to pull my curls a bit because they were so tight in the beginning and I wanted loose waves.
Favors: The macrons as well as custom mini hand sanitizer bottles with our names on them and 'Quarantined for Life' and the wedding date. We placed them at each person's seat at the table and everybody took them! I think because it's winter, people were also traeling, and they should have used it before they began to eat.
The Details:

• I walked down the aisle to Harry Potter's Harry in Winter. Hubby walked down with his mother to the Dragon Ball Z song.
• We had custom sleeves for the coffee cups for the coffee and hot cocoa bar as well as custom cocktail napkins. The small finer touches were what made my day, to be honest.
• We had no wedding cake, no bouquet toss, no garter toss, no money dance. I didn't like any of that stuff and nobody really eats the cake and it would be a major cost for no reason. We also had no first dance or motheson and fathedaughter dance.
• We did play the shoe game, which was easy and fun. It got a lot of laughs and was a signal to get the dancing started afterward.
• It was important to me to find BIPOC vendors so it was nice to be able to find a few vendors that fully represented the Sacramento community.

If I could do it all over, what would I have done differently?

• I would have done all the family portraits with the photographer instead of just taking a few and going to mingle during cocktail hour.
  
• Read your contract carefully. We had to get event insurance which was $350. They also will not help with cleaning anything up besides their tables/chairs and rentals.
  
• The venue and rental company set up and tore down everything but we had to take all of our decor and florals with us so I brought trash bags. All of our friends and family helped take all the florals down. My wedding planner took all her rentals and I gave the catering company all the jars, signs, spoons for them to do another hot cocoa bar. Bring a second change of clothes with comfy shoes like leggings and sneakers.
  
• I would NOT trust that every vendor knew what they were doing. Some vendors know exactly what they're doing like my florist, photographers, officiants, macaron baker, catering company, DJ, and wedding planner. The signage girl did NOT and I should have totally micro-managed her and asked her on the details as well as to make sure that my vision was coming true.
  
• I had some trouble communicating with vendors. I know they're super busy with the wedding boom, but damn. I would be ignored a lot and had to feel bad following up. In the end, we just let it go and trusted most of them except I should have communicated more with Signage vendor. Follow up as necessary and ask to know upfront, what type of communication can you expect from them through the process.
  
• I loved the flowers and decor. The winter wedding vibe was spot-on.
  
• Shop at Costco. For anything unopened, you can return it.
  
• I wouldn't have worried so much about entertaining the kids. The kids had a great time with their activity bags and the magician. The extra games weren't needed.
  

Overall, my family and friends seemed to have a good time. I can't wait for the pictures and video back. I'm exhausted and thank god, I never have to plan a wedding again. haha. If you have any questions, let me know!
submitted byAmricktoweddingplanning [link][comments]

2021.12.13 19:40 partypastorUnreached People Group of the Week - Gujarati in the UK

This week I decided to mix it up and do a smaller people group somewhere in Europe. That way, if someone here is waiting on a call to somewhere like, idk, the UK, here it is. Meet the Gujarati in the UK!
https://preview.redd.it/k6ov5jvt5c581.png?width=1644&format=png&auto=webp&s=e081c44a1f05ac5db4896f227989d4b9162b2ed0
Index Ranking (Urgency): 164
---
Climate: Most of the United Kingdom has a temperate climate, with generally cool temperatures and plentiful rainfall all year round. The temperature varies with the seasons seldom dropping below −20 °C (−4 °F) or rising above 35 °C (95 °F). Some parts, away from the coast, of upland England, Wales, Northern Ireland and most of Scotland, experience a subpolar oceanic climate (Cfc). Higher elevations in Scotland experience a continental subarctic climate (Dfc) and the mountains experience a tundra climate (ET). The prevailing wind is from the southwest and bears frequent spells of mild and wet weather from the Atlantic Ocean, although the eastern parts are mostly sheltered from this wind since the majority of the rain falls over the western regions the eastern parts are therefore the driest. Atlantic currents, warmed by the Gulf Stream, bring mild winters; especially in the west where winters are wet and even more so over high ground. Summers are warmest in the southeast of England and coolest in the north. Heavy snowfall can occur in winter and early spring on high ground, and occasionally settles to great depth away from the hills.
the White Cliffs of Dover
Terrain: England accounts for just over half (53 per cent) of the total area of the UK, covering 130,395 square kilometres (50,350 sq mi). Most of the country consists of lowland terrain, with more upland and some mountainous terrain northwest of the Tees-Exe line; including the Lake District, the Pennines, Exmoor and Dartmoor. The main rivers and estuaries are the Thames, Severn and the Humber. England's highest mountain is Scafell Pike (978 metres (3,209 ft)) in the Lake District.
https://preview.redd.it/o86j4q586c581.png?width=259&format=png&auto=webp&s=9fc3f7fe0234df55077066b1cc35a0ee714764b8
Environmental Issues: Due to climate change; rising seawater temperatures and exploitation of marine resources led to a serious loss of quality in UK marine ecosystems. Air pollution, climate change, litter, waste, and soil contamination are all a part of the human activity that create these environmental issues in the UK.
https://preview.redd.it/rsezt01v8c581.png?width=290&format=png&auto=webp&s=0e066988e59c4c8b6fb850bf12b931abffc4413e
Languages: The de facto official language of the United Kingdom is English, which is spoken by approximately 59.8 million residents, or 98% of the population, over the age of three. (According to 2011 census data, 864,000 people in England and Wales reported speaking little or no English.) An estimated 900,000 people speak Welsh in the UK,an official language in Wales and the only de jure official language in any part of the UK. Approximately 1.5 million people in the UK speak Scots.
British Asians speak dozens of different languages, and it is difficult to determine how many people speak each language alongside English. The largest subgroup of British Asians are those of Punjabi origin (representing approximately two thirds of direct migrants from South Asia to the UK), from both India and Pakistan, they number over 2 million in the UK and are the largest Punjabi community outside of Indo subcontinent. The Punjabi language, with its dialects, is currently the third most spoken language in the United Kingdom.
The Gujarati primarily speak English and Gujarati in the UK.*
---
Government Type: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
A Gujarati man
Population: 638,000
---
Beliefs: The Gujarati are 0.05% Christian. That means out of their population of 638,000, there are roughly only 320 believers. Thats roughly 1 believer for every 2,000 unbeliever.
Gujaratis are Hindus, and their religion offers them some connection with their homeland, India, while Christianity is one foreign element they can avoid.
---
History: Gujaratis have had a long involvement with Britain. The original East India Company set up a factory (trading post) in the port city of Surat in Gujarat in 1615. These were the beginnings of first real British involvement with India that eventually led to the formation of the British Raj. The third largest overseas diaspora of Gujaratis, after Pakistan and United States, is in the United Kingdom. At a population of around 600,000 Gujaratis form almost half of the Indian community who live in the UK (1.2 million). Gujaratis first went to the UK in the 19th century with the establishment of the British Raj in India. Prominent members of this community such as Shyamji Krishna Varma played a vital role in exerting political pressure upon colonial powers during the Indian independence movement.
The present day Gujarati diaspora in the UK is mostly the second and third generation descendants of 'twice-over' immigrants from the former British colonies of East Africa, Portugal, and Indian Ocean Islands. Most of them despite being British Subjects had restricted access to Britain after successive Immigration acts of 1962, 1968 and 1971. Most were, however, eventually admitted on the basis of a Quota voucher system or, in case of Uganda, as refugees after the expulsion order by the Ugandan ruler, Idi Amin in August 1972.
Gujaratis in Britain are regarded as affluent middle-class peoples who have assimilated into the milieu of British society. They are celebrated for revolutionizing the corner shop, and energising the British economy which changed Britain's antiquated retail laws forever. Demographically, Hindus form a majority along with a significant number of Jains and Muslims, and smaller numbers of Gujarati Christians. They are predominantly settled in metropolitan areas like Greater London, East Midlands, West Midlands, Lancashire and Yorkshire Cities with significant Gujarati populations include Leicester and London boroughs of Harrow, Barnet and Brent. There is also a small, but vibrant Gujarati-speaking Parsi community of Zoroastrians present in the country, dating back to the bygone era of Dadabhai Navroji, Shapurji Saklatvala and Pherozeshah Mehta. Both Hindus and Muslims have established caste or community associations, temples, and mosques to cater for the needs of their respective communities. A well known temple popular with Gujaratis is the BAPS Swaminarayan Temple in Neasdon, London. A popular mosque that caters for the Gujarati Muslim community in Leicester is the Masjid Umar. Leicester has a Jain Temple that is also the headquarters of Jain Samaj Europe. The Shree Prajapati Association is a charity, already thriving in East Africa, which has 13 branches in the U.K. and is strongly dependent on support from the Gujarati community in
Gujarati Hindus in the UK have maintained many traditions from their homeland. The community remains religious with more than 100 temples catering for their religious needs. All major Hindu festivals such as Navratri, Dassara, and Diwali are celebrated with a lot of enthusiasm even from the generations brought up in UK. Gujarati Hindus also maintain their caste affiliation to some extent with most major castes having their own community association in each population center with significant Gujarati population such as Leicester and London suburbs. Patidars form the largest community in the diaspora including Kutch Leva Patels, followed closely by Lohanas of Saurashtra origin. Gujarati Rajputs from various regional backgrounds are affiliated with several independent British organizations dependent on caste such as Shree Maher Samaj UK, and the Gujarati Arya Kshatriya Mahasabha-UK.
Endogamy remains important to Gujarati Muslims in UK with the existence of matrimonial services specifically dedicated to their community. Gujarati Muslim society in the UK have kept the custom of Jamat Bandi, literally meaning communal solidarity. This system is the traditional expression of communal solidarity. It is designed to regulate the affairs of the community and apply sanctions against infractions of the communal code. Gujarati Muslim communities, such as the Ismāʿīlī, Khoja, Dawoodi Bohra, Sunni Bohra, and Memon have caste associations, known as jamats that run mosques and community centers for their respective communities.
India becoming the predominant IT powerhouse in the 1990s has led to waves of new immigration by Gujaratis, and other Indians with software skills to the UK.
In 2005, the Gujarat Studies Association was formed in order to raise awareness about research being conducted on the Gujaratis - their patron is Lord Bhikhu Parekh.
The Swaminarayan Temple at Neasden, London which is the largest Hindu Temple in Europe
Culture:Typical qualification that all people groups can't be summed up in small paragraphs and this is an over generalization.
Gujaratis in the UK have taken on western dress, speak the English language and strive for the Western level of success. Yet, most have retained their traditional religion, Hinduism. Gujaratis feel connected to their mother country, India, and stay in contact with their relatives there. Most of the immigrants to the UK are concentrated in large cities where they face problems such as crime and drug abuse.
---

• Pray for God to grant His favor and wisdom to missions agencies focusing on the Gujarati.
• Ask the Lord to call additional long-term workers to live and work among them.
• Ask God to strengthen, encourage, and protect the few known Gujarati Christians.
• Pray that the Lord will give these converts boldness to share Jesus with their own people.
• Pray that the Lord will encourage them to move back home to share the Gospel at home.
• Ask God to call forth prayer teams who will begin breaking up the soil through intercession.
• Ask the Lord to raise up strong local churches among the Gujarati of the UK.
• Pray for our nation (the United States), that we Christians can learn to come alongside our hurting brothers and sisters and learn to carry one another's burdens in a more Christlike manner than we have done historically.
• Pray that in this time of chaos and panic that the needs of the unreached are not forgotten by the church. Pray that our hearts continue to ache to see the unreached hear the Good News.

Brothers, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for them is that they may be saved. (Romans 10:1)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Here are the previous weeks threads on the UPG of the Week for Reformed from 2021. To save some space on these, all UPG posts made 2019-now are here, I will try to keep this current.

People Group	Country	Continent	Date Posted	Beliefs
Gujarati	United Kingdom	Europe	12/13/2021	Hinduism
Tigre	Eritrea	Africa	12/06/2021	Islam*
Irish (Reached)	Ireland	Europe	11/29/2021	Christian*
Gheg Albanians	Kosovo	Europe	11/15/2021	Islam
Ryukyuan	Japan	Asia	11/08/2021	Animism
Vadoma	Zimbabwe	Africa	11/01/2021	Animism
Orang Negeri Minangkabau	Malaysia	Asia	10/25/2021	Islam
Brunei Malay	Brunei	Asia	10/18/2021	Islam
Crimean Tatars	Ukraine*	Europe*	10/11/2021	Islam
Khmer	Cambodia	Asia	10/04/2021	Buddhism
Muong	Vietnam	Asia	09/27/2021	Animsim
Afar	Djibouti	Africa	09/20/2021	Islam
Ngalong	Bhutan	Asia	09/13/2021	Buddhism*
Tajik	Afghanistan	Asia	09/06/2021	Islam
Pashayi	Afghanistan	Asia	08/30/2021	Islam
Hazara	Afghanistan	Asia	08/23/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Afghanistan	Asia	08/16/2021	Islam
Saharawi	Western Sahara	Africa	08/09/2021	Islam
Hijazi Arabs	Saudi Arabia	Asia	08/02/2021	Islam
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijan	Asia	07/26/2021	Islam
Shaikh	India	Asia	07/19/2021	Islam
Druze	Lebanon	Asia	07/12/2021	Druze
Eastern Aleut	Russia	Asia	06/28/2021	Animism
Al-Muhamasheen	Yemen	Asia	06/21/2021	Islam
Koreans	North Korea	Asia	06/14/2021	Nonreligious
Palestinians	Israel	Asia	06/07/2021	Islam
Kumyk	Turkey	Asia	05/31/2021	Islam
Tujia	China	Asia	05/24/2021	Animism
Jebala	Morocco	Africa	05/17/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Pakistan	Asia	05/10/2021	Islam
Salar	China	Asia	05/03/2021	Islam
Algerians	Algeria	Africa	04/26/2021	Islam
Sasak	Indonesia	Asia	04/19/2021	Islam
Senoufo	Mali	Africa	04/12/2021	Islam/Animism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	04/05/2021	Buddhism
Adi Dravida	India	Asia	03/29/2021	Hinduism
Northern Khmer	Thailand	Asia	03/22/2021	Buddhism
Balinese	Indonesia	Asia	03/15/2021	Hinduism
Central Kurd	Iraq	Asia	03/08/2021	Islam
Brahmin Hill	Nepal	Asia	03/01/2021	Hinduism
Bosniaks	Bosnia	Europe	02/22/2021	Islam
Guhayna	Sudan	Africa	02/15/2021	Islam
Laz	Georgia	Europe	02/08/2021	Islam
Bambara	Mali	Africa	02/01/2021	Islam/Animism
Darkhad	Mongolia	Asia	01/25/2021	Animism
South Ucayali Asheninka	Peru	South America	01/18/2021	Animism
Moroccan Arabs	Morocco	Africa	01/11/2021	Islam
Gulf Bedouin	United Arab Emirates	Asia	01/04/2021	Islam

As always, if you have experience in this country or with this people group, feel free to comment or let me know and I will happily edit it so that we can better pray for these peoples!
Here is a list of definitions in case you wonder what exactly I mean by words like 'Unreached'.
Here is a list of missions organizations that reach out to the world to do missions for the Glory of God.
submitted bypartypastortoReformed [link][comments]

2021.12.10 20:00 _call-me-al_[Fri, Dec 10 2021] TL;DR — This is what you missed in the last 24 hours on Reddit

If you want to receive this as a daily email in your inbox, you can now join at this link

worldnews

Germany warns Russia that it will pay a price if it enters Ukraine
CommentsLink
A man ended a 39-day-long hunger strike outside the Swiss parliament on Thursday, declaring 'Victory!' after the MPs agreed to be briefed by scientists on the latest climate change research
CommentsLink
'Pool of blood': US drone strike hits Syria family
CommentsLink

news

Josh Duggar convicted of child pornography charges
CommentsLink
Jussie Smollett found guilty of 5 disorderly conduct charges
CommentsLink
Starbucks employees at a Buffalo cafe vote to unionize, a first for the coffee chain in the U.S.
CommentsLink

science

The microplastics we’re ingesting are likely affecting our cells It's the first study of this kind, documenting the effects of microplastics on human health
CommentsLink
London cat 'serial killer' was just foxes, DNA analysis confirms. Between 2014 and 2018, more than 300 mutilated cat carcasses were found on London streets, leading to sensational media reports that a feline-targeting human serial killer was on the loose.
CommentsLink
New study: Prescribing the abortion pill without restrictions is safe and effective. Analysis showed no increase in abortion-related health complications following the removal of restrictions on mifepristone, which is considered the 'gold standard' drug for medical abortion globally.
CommentsLink

space

Gravitational Waves Should Permanently Distort Space-Time. The “gravitational memory effect” predicts a passing gravitational wave should forever alter space-time. Physicists linked the phenomenon to fundamental cosmic symmetries and a potential solution to the black hole information paradox.
CommentsLink
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is fueled up for its Dec. 22 launch Space
CommentsLink
SpaceX launches $214M NASA satellite to study black holes
CommentsLink

Futurology

32-Hour Workweek Act Just Endorsed by 100 Members of the House of Representatives
CommentsLink
New Zealand to ban cigarettes for future generations
CommentsLink
New Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) research says decentralized micro-grids may be the best future for the aging US National Grid, it says is being pushed to breaking point.
CommentsLink

AskReddit

Strippers of reddit: what really happens in a private/VIP dance?
CommentsLink
What's the biggest red flag you've seen on a first date?
CommentsLink
What is legal now, but likely to be illegal in 1-2 years?
CommentsLink

todayilearned

TIl the US strategic petroleum reserves are stored in underground caverns carved out of salt. Salt does not react with the oil and is self-healing. The plastic behavior of salt will cause it to naturally close fractures or gaps and prevent any leakage.
CommentsLink
TIL in the UK, A study for disappearances looked at 96 fatal cases, 53% of all male disappearances occur in the months December January and February, with 22% of those cases occurring in December between Christmas and new years eve. And 89% of bodies are found in canals, rivers, lakes or harbours.
CommentsLink
TIL when the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) denied permission to Marian Anderson for a concert at Constitution Hall under a 'white performers-only', First Eleanor Roosevelt resigned from the DAR and arranged for Anderson to perform before an integrated crowd of more than 75,000 people.
CommentsLink

dataisbeautiful

Percentage of 2020 baby names that begin with each letter of the alphabet [OC]
CommentsLink
[OC] Animation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany
CommentsLink
I visualized a clear linear correlation between how educated a state is and how much they voted for the democratic candidate in 2020 [OC]
CommentsLink

Cooking

Didn't have the best relationship with my family and didn't get to learn about any family favourites or recipes. I have my own place now and want to start to learning to cook. Would you mind sharing your family favourites so I could try and adopt one (and join your fam in spirit)
CommentsLink
What do I eat when I can’t taste anything?
CommentsLink
ideas for a meal that would be very unusual to a British person?
CommentsLink

food

[Homemade] Garlic honey salmon, steamed broccoli and Mac & cheese.
CommentsLink
[Homemade] Chicken Pot Pie
CommentsLink
[homemade] Enchiladas Verdes
CommentsLink

movies

Sonic the Hedgehog 2 - Official Trailer
CommentsLink
Florence Pugh, Rami Malek, Benny Safdie Join Christopher Nolan’s ‘Oppenheimer’
CommentsLink
The Princess Bride (1987) is such a fun movie, but I’m shocked Cary Elwes never blew up as an actor
CommentsLink

Art

The Ferryman, me , Inkscape vector, 2021
CommentsLink
city center, my_art_bytes(me), pixel art, 2021
CommentsLink
Bear in the Dumpster, Me, Procreate, 2021
CommentsLink

television

‘Cowboy Bebop’ Canceled By Netflix After One Season
CommentsLink
Josh Duggar Guilty in Child Pornography Trial
CommentsLink
‘Star Trek’ Lt. Uhura Icon Nichelle Nichols Makes Her Final Comic-Con Appearance at 88
CommentsLink

pics

The urinals at this bar in Spain are interesting.
CommentsLink
Commemorative plaque made for the gift exchange at my workplace.
CommentsLink
Local garbage man here, a true 'patriot' needs a lesson in proper flag retirement.
CommentsLink

gifs

Is this God's favor?
CommentsLink
:)
CommentsLink
Climbing over the carpet roll
CommentsLink

educationalgifs

This evacuation system can save 800 people from a sinking ship
CommentsLink
Rotation Animation!
CommentsLink
How to get into a hammock
CommentsLink

mildlyinteresting

Really REALLY big tires I saw on my drive to work.
CommentsLink
Our ice cream had no expiration date because they congratulated a long tenured employee.
CommentsLink
My colleague just bought a the biggest SD card that she could find for her switch and we did a comparison to a standard PS2 memory card.
CommentsLink

interestingasfuck

This evacuation system can save 800 people from a sinking ship
CommentsLink
Artificial cornea implanted in a patient’s eye.
CommentsLink
The true size of Africa
CommentsLink

funny

John Cena playing a drug dealer.
CommentsLink
Lady has a great sense of humor.
CommentsLink
Robin Williams and a Cow
CommentsLink

aww

Waking up to this smile would be wonderful
CommentsLink
Doggo refuses to leave bed, then proceeds to fall asleep while looking after the baby 👶🏻🐶
CommentsLink
Retired neighbor feeding neighborhood raccoons in Canada
CommentsLink

Random Subreddit of the day: Carpentry

These are its 3 top posts of all time:
Customer wanted a paneled wall with hidden doors.
CommentsLink
had a customer tell us he knew what he was talking about for his incline...
CommentsLink
Perfect cut.
CommentsLink
Get this as a daily email!
submitted by_call-me-al_toRedditTLDR [link][comments]

2021.12.09 20:46 Training-Oven-2214The Control of Ukrainian media by aggressor

As I already said, in my theory the aggressor controls Ukraine through the oligarchs, including the Ukrainian media.
Almost all channels, newspapers, media personalities, journalists, ‘experts’ and so on, are puppets. Those puppets can play every possible role, pro government, pro opposition, pro EU, pro aggressor, doesn’t matter.
What are the main goals that the aggressor achieves through this control of media, and it’s effects on Ukrainian population:

1. Prevention of formation of independent national identity, dissociation and defamation of Ukrainian history and symbols.
   
2. Prevention of understanding of the political processes in the country
   
3. Prevention of formation of reasonable expectations from political leaders and government institutions and the interactions between them.
   
4. Prevention of correct perception of national interests, both domestically and in foreign relations. For example normal relations with the west will be presented as ‘selling out’, or ‘loss of sovereignty’, same time aggressive actions by aggressor will be presented as a normal occurrence, or as Ukrainian fault, that Ukraine made the aggressor angry somehow.
   

How is this achieved?
Now disinformation and manipulation of public opinion, with injections of specific views, (mis)conceptions, opinions, is an art. First of course they need to own all the media outlets, and control the chief editors and the journalists.
And in the created and controlled media environment, the aggressor sut up a big puppets show, a fake political and social discourse is created, and all the puppets play their role, from senior politicians to journalists, staged interviews, staged conflicts, imitation of political activity.
What is a real journalist, or a real host of a political show? Well this person bares the responsibility to correctly cover important events in the country, things like the work of law enforcement agencies, courts, other government institutions (different agencies, like the tax agency or the customs), professional performance of state officials, their ethical behavior, the work of the governing bodies (appointment of officials in high positions by Rada, and regulation and supervision of their performance).
The journalist has the responsibility for what kind of information and messages are being spread from his platform. When he invites a guest for an interview, be it an independent expert or a high ranked official, there is a specific way the journalist has to conduct the interview.
The journalist has the obligation to uncover important information for the public, he has to ask specific questions, and make sure that he is receiving satisfying answers, that the guest is not avoiding or trying to distract him. The journalist has to be able to separate important details from trivial, resist misinformation and deception, and pursue the truth.
The journalist has to be the investigator, the prosecutor, the defense attorney, and the judge all same time.
Of course the journalist cannot control what his guests are saying, but if he notices that the guest is trying to deceive, distract or avoid from answering important questions, or make unfounded accusations or sensational claims, the journalist has to make it immediately known and openly confront him (and in some cases to stop the interview all together, and never invite that guest again).
The journalist has to be a moral authority for the public, someone in whose opinion the public trust, like a verdict of a court. Of course the journalist has to make it clear what his opinions and positions are, and if needed to be able to present them in details.
Ok, let’s talk about Ukrainian internal media and information space.
Basically all channels (Zik, Espreso, Inter, Channel 5, TSN, ICTV, Ukraina, Nash, Pryamiy, 112, NewsOne, UkrLife,1+1) as I already said are controlled by the Ukrainian oligarchs, which are controlled by the aggressor. I’m pretty sure there are more channels that controlled by the aggressor, I stopped watching ‘Ukrainian’ tv long time ago. Also I’m sure the state of printed media (newspapers), internet media, and radio are not much better.
I have a suspicion that even the popular Censor.net website is controlled by the aggressor.
So how the aggressor misinformation machine works?
First it’s the creation and control of the artificial political and public discourse, and the overall narrative.
The political puppets imitate some kind of process, some kind of appearance of political life, arguments and conflicts over law making, views, values, and the controlled media covers it and tries to make it appear as a legit and authentic. When in fact the real important events and issues in the country left without exposure.
Also the controlled media even when covers important events, doesn’t explain the reason for their occurrence, doesn’t demand official reaction from the government, and doesn’t attach personal responsibility for the high officials in charge.
Take for example the attack of seeds processing factory in Kharkiv that I mentioned, during the presidency of Poroshenko. During the process of arrest, a policeman was shot and injured. Yet even though you had here an armed attack on private property, resist to arrest with deadly force, and a shooting against policeman, the prosecution had decided to charge only for ‘hooliganism’.
Now how would a real media cover this event? The media would demand to know who were the attackers and who organized them, the media would demand to know who was the prosecutor who decided to charge only for hooliganism. Then the media would try to demand answers from the higher officials , the state head prosecutor (Lutsenko at the time) to explain the decision to prosecute for far lesser severe crime. Also the media will try to address the interior Minister (Avakov at the time), about his position that a policeman was shot and the prosecution decided to ignore it. If those officials were to refuse to give satisfying answers, then the media would have to directly accuse them in incompetency and demand their resignation, and go to the president with this, and never let it be forgotten, keep it relevant until a satisfying resolution is achieved. The media will also demand reactions of many high power officials about this event, and about the authorities incompetency.
Personal blame will be attached to Kharkiv local prosecutor (whoever that is), general prosecutor Lutsenko, interior minister Avakov, and the president Poroshenko.
But that’s would happen in real country, not in Ukraine. In Ukraine the media did report it, casually mentioning that there was an attack attempt on a factory and that an officer was injured, and that the prosecution had decided to charge the attackers only for hooliganisms. That’s it. No critique, no dissatisfactions, no demand for reaction from high officials, nothing. Because that’s Ukraine, that’s why it’s not a real country.
And that’s only a tip of an iceberg of what is going on daily in Ukraine, that’s just small potatoes.
Ok so let’s go over how the misinformation works.
— How openly anti Ukrainian channels work, like 112, NewsOne, Inter, Nash and so on.
First, it doesn’t matter in which angle the misinformation is presented. Let’s say I want to spread a certain position on a specific matter, let’s say I support women’s right for abortion. So I want to spread the pro abortion message to population. Now I set a up a tv show, for that purpose. Now the show host may imitate an anti abortion position, he will start the show by claiming that he is pro life, that abortion is killing babies, but then he will introduce a guest that will be pro abortion. Then a discussion will begin between them, and it will appear that the host is getting dominated and schooled by the guest. The guest will start saying how women have control over their bodies, that their rights are protected by constitution, that the fetus is not considered to be a living human being at that early stage and so on.
The thing is that the audience usually respond to the tone of voice, facial expressions, self confidence, things like that, and not to the message itself.
So the guest will appear very self confident, well spoken, with very long and sophisticated arguments, while same time the host will look confused, lost, incoherent, and stuttering. Every argument the host will make will be immediately shot down by the guest, as he will calmly and eloquently explain why the host is wrong and he is right.
So even if the official position of the show will be ‘anti-abortion’, the real true message will be ‘pro abortion’.
And of course I can easily do the opposite, the host can imitate a ‘pro-abortion’ position, and then the guest will school him and educate him with ‘anti-abortion’ arguments (‘once a fetus was conceived, its a living separate being, even though it doesn’t have a consciousness yet, just like a person in a coma…’ something like that).
So this is how basically channels 112 and NewsOne work. They will imitate a pro national position on specific matters, like the war with the aggressor for example, but then they will invite guests that represent anti national collaborant treasonous position, and simply let them have the floor. The guest will start saying things like that there is no war, that it is all a misunderstanding, that it is American fault, or Ukrainian fault, or maidan fault, or that the people of Crimea and the east have made their choices, that the ethnic m’ in Ukraine are somehow oppressed, that this is all a small petty bickering and Ukraine instead should be friends with the aggressor, or they will present the aggressor in good light. They will also constantly deliverer aggressor comments (usually of derogative nature) about internal affairs of Ukraine.
They will allow for ‘random’ people to appear on air that will deliver a message against the Ukrainian war effort, that they are local people of the Crimea/east, that they want that Ukraine will leave them alone, that they want to be with aggressor or ‘independent’, with tears in their eyes they will start blaming Ukrainian army for casualties and losses in property sustained by them.
Those channels will also work for distorting the perception of domestic affairs of Ukraine of course. They will attack and ridicule Ukrainian attempts to form independent identity, by attacking historical figures or events, or government policies, like Ukrainian holidays and memorial days. Instead they will promote pro aggressor identity, like congratulate each other with 8 march holiday or they will celebrate the end of WW2 on the aggressor date, and not international date.
Even non political channels can promote aggressor misinformation, like Inter channel. Inter has entertainment shows, that may appear having nothing to do with politics, like travel show, or talk show, but they will be used to promote the aggressor. People appearing on those shows will have always something good to say about the aggressor, that they have traveled to aggressor, have relatives that live there, they worked there, studied there, whatever. The aggressor will be constantly mentioned in good light. Also they will constantly spread aggressor culture, mention aggressor actors, poets, singers and so on.
— How ‘pro Ukrainian’ channels work, like TSN, ICTV, 1+1
Well those channels may not spread pro aggressor message like NewsOne and 112. They will maybe also don’t openly attack pro-Ukrainian symbols. But they also work for aggressor.
There are many goals that those channels pursue, the main ones in my opinion are:

• as I already said prevention of formation of correct perception about internal events, political processes, work of government institutions, law enforcement agencies, courts, personal responsibilities of state official. Basically allowing corruption to exist, and making it appear as unavoidable and natural. Also distracting the population from main events in the country.
• another important goal is cultivating the ‘pro maidan’ position among the Ukrainian population. I want to explain why. Basically the aggressor want the Ukrainian population to have this perception ‘maidan is good, we the people had overthrown a corrupt president, and now we will go to Europe’. This is of course a false perception of events, as I already explained. But why the aggressor wants to spread this perception? Because it fits in his general wide distorted picture of events, and he places you in a losing position (btw you will constantly hear how Yanukovich was corrupt, but no one will be able to provide any evidence for that, at least not by ‘Ukrainian laws’). Then the aggressor cultivates the perception among m’ and collaborants ‘if they in Kyiv had illegibly overthrown the president and violated the institution in order to go to west, why can’t we do the same or something similar in order to join the aggressor’. Therefore anybody on tv who plays ‘maidan good’ or ‘maidan bad’ is working for aggressor. Whenever the proponents of ‘maidan’ start argue with the collaborants, they will always lose. Because both of their positions was created by the aggressor. The only true position is: ‘Yanukovich wasn’t overthrown, but left his office unconstitutionally. If he disagrees with that, then it is up to him to prove otherwise in UCC (Ukrainian Constitutional Court). Legal qualification of maidan is act of civil protests (which is people’s right), qualification of acts of aggressor is invasion and occupation, acts of local population of occupied regions is treason and collaborationism (well not everyone, but at least those who had actively worked with the aggressor or expressed an anti Ukrainian position).

— Media personalities
The majority of Ukrainian media personalities, are controlled by the aggressor. People like Dmitriy Gordon, Savik Shuster, Roman Skrypin, Vitaliy Portnikov, Mustafa Nayem, all of them.
The way they work is pretty similar, and the level of their success depends on their personal ‘talents’.
I will focus here on Gordon, but the others are no different. Well maybe they are different in terms of their ‘angle’, but as I showed in ‘pro abortion- against abortion’ example it doesn’t really matter. They may have different styles, they may address different segments of population, but their work of misinforming the population is pretty similar.
So let’s talk about Gordon.
All media personalities work like pool hustlers. A pool hustler is a person that pretends to be bad at pool, he will lose a few matches, then he will make his opponent feel very confident about himself, then they will start to play for money, and the hustler will all of a sudden start winning…. the more talented the hustler is, the more lucky his wins will appear to be, the more money he will win.
So it is very important for the media personality to gain the trust of the public. Gordon will say things like ‘aggressor attacked us, our children die because of them, I can’t sleep, I can’t eat, I think about it all the time’, or ‘we are ruled by thieves, by mafia, by scum’ and so on. He will speak very emotionally, with trembling voice, or whatever is required at the time.
This is how he draw you in. You think ‘this is my man, he understands me, he knows what I’m going through, he represents me’.
Now that he got you hooked on, he gets an access to your brain, but he has to be very careful not to frighten you.
But the more I watched him, I started noticing weird things. I have noticed this:

• he would occasionally say that he knows that Ukraine is about to break up, because he talked to some experts (planting the idea that Ukraine is breaking up on its own, and not as result of aggressor’s aggression)
• during argument about official language he said ‘this is why the people of Crimea and the east had left us’ (planting the idea that the ethnic m’s are oppressed in Ukraine)
• during an interview with Kravchuk, he asked him “do you think we should get rid of the east, so we can go to Europe” (planting the idea that Ukraine has some unsolvable domestic conflicts and can’t be a unified state)
• during an interview with Skripin he said ‘Bandera is a murderer. I was down in archives and I saw how people in Lviv were murdered, how their stomachs were cut open’ (attacking and demonizing Ukrainian national symbols and historic figures)
• ‘stop forcing Bandera on people of Kharkiv’ (sawing division again among Ukrainian population, attacking and demonizing Ukrainian symbols again, portrays the residents of Kharkiv as being forced into something vile)
• during his interview with Smeshko (ex head of SBU), the latter declared that during maidan he was very worried, because the opposition had a whole tank division under their command, that could any moment be sent to Kyiv (I think he was talking about the 2004 maidan). Gordon ignored this story, and casually continued the interview and moved to another subject. (Smechko of course is also an aggressor puppet. Here they together plant in your head a few false notions. First that maidan had some armed coup characteristics. Second that the Ukrainian government is fractured and doesn’t perform as an effective organization with clear hierarchy. Him claiming that the opposition had a tank division under its command should have cause a big reaction of Gordon if he was a real journalist. He was supposed to be in shock, and ask a ton of follow up questions, like… how is it possible that there are military units that don’t obey directly to the president? So that means that the chain of command and the hierarchy is broken… but how? Why does the commander of that tank battalion obey to the opposition instead of the president? How did this happened? This is the type of questions that Gordon was supposed to ask, this is a bomb, a sensation, that demands much attention and investigation. Instead Smechko just casually mentions it, and Gordon acts as if nothing happened. This is how I said they plant confusion and inability to understand the political situation and processes in the country)
• he likes to tell the story how he and Yatsenyuk were standing on maidan, discussing that it’s time to overthrow Yanukovich (planting the notion that Yanukovich was at the mercy of maidan)
• he casually shares positive memories related to aggressor. movies, personalities, events.
• he constantly gives personal complements to collaborants (Vilkul, Dobkin). “I respect you”, “you are a real man”, “you are very smart”. He will mention positively personalities with an open anti Ukrainian position.
• he intentionally started a personal public conflict with politicians from western Ukraine, like Farion and Tyahnybok (both of whom are very likely controlled by aggressor too). it was intentional. once Ferion had called the 112 channel, and gave her comment about some event, while talking to the host. Gordon waited patiently for them to finished talking, and before she was about to hang up, he addressed her and all of a sudden started insulting her. It was obvious he was interested to start some kind of public “conflict” with her”.
• He will never provide any specific information. He will complain that the officials are stealing, but he won’t name what officials. He will say that the courts are corrupt, but never mention what specific judges or cases.

So I want to talk about what he is exactly doing here.

• Now I want to talk how he, and all other “journalists”, are taking interviews. Basically here is a trick. The hustler will build himself, talking about the aggressor, and the corruption and all. Then he will invite to an interview a collaborant, or a corrupt official, and you will expect some kind of tough interview, some kind of conflict, the truth seeing the light, the criminal being exposed or something like that. But no, this is not how it works in Ukraine. Basically how it works is that the “journalist” will legitimize his interviewer, his position, and present him in positive light. The “journalist” may at some point ask some “sharp” questions, but let the guest to get out with some easy vague answers (‘it’s all lies, a plot against me, I’m good, they are bad’, something of that nature), and then they will move to some abstract subjects, that will present the guest in positive light, how he is worry about the condition of the roads, that teachers should be paid more because education of children is important, personal memories from childhood, stuff like that. The journalist will also let the guest to legitimize his position. For example in an interview with collaborant Bondarenko, Gordon asks her ‘did aggressor occupied Crimea’, to what she replies ‘does Ukrainian budget has any money planned to Crimea for next year?’ (implying that Ukraine had recognized Crimea is no longer belongs to her or something like that). To this reply Gordon looks down and smiles uncomfortably, as if to appear that he proved him wrong or something. This is of course all an act, there is no money in the budget for Crimea because it is being occupied by aggressor. Her reply doesn’t make sense. But Gordon plays the role that she proved her points and proved him wrong or something.

So this how Gordon works, all his interviews like that, and I just simply stopped watching him. It’s a waste of time. But he has millions of views. So… what can I say? If Ukrainians like when someone make fool out of them, then who am I to stop them?
submitted byTraining-Oven-2214toUkraineUA [link][comments]

2021.12.06 18:52 partypastorUnreached People Group of the Week - Tigre of Eritrea

This week my wife and I got to eat lunch with a wonderful family from Eritrea. So I decided to finally do a people group from there! Meet the Tigre of Eritrea!
https://preview.redd.it/1ubzrlnf0y381.png?width=425&format=png&auto=webp&s=7c2d10ee5c3db5fae2327b4436b1530fa571a800
Index Ranking (Urgency): 22
---
Climate: Based on variations in temperature, Eritrea can be broadly divided into three major climate zones: the temperate zone, subtropical climate zone, and tropical climate zone. The climate of Eritrea is shaped by its diverse topographical features and its location within the tropics. The diversity in landscape and topography in the highlands and lowlands of Eritrea result in the diversity of climate across the country. The highlands have temperate climate throughout the year. The climate of most lowland zones is arid and semiarid. The distribution of rainfall and vegetation types varies markedly throughout the country. Eritrean climate varies on the basis of seasonal and altitudinal differences.
Eritrean Highlands
Terrain: Eritrea can be split into three ecoregions. To the east of the highlands are the hot, arid coastal plains stretching down to the southeast of the country. The cooler, more fertile highlands, reaching up to 3,000 m, have a different habitat. Habitats here vary from the sub-tropical rainforest at Filfil Solomona to the precipitous cliffs and canyons of the southern highlands. The Afar Triangle or Danakil Depression of Eritrea is the probable location of a triple junction where three tectonic plates are pulling away from one another. The highest point of the country, Emba Soira, is located in the center of Eritrea, at 3,018 meters (9,902 ft) above sea level.
---
Environmental Issues: Eritrea is vulnerable to droughts, floods, increased variability in rainfall patterns and/or reduced precipitation, soil erosion, desertification and land degradation.
---
Languages: Nine different languages are spoken by the nine recognised ethnic groups, the most widely spoken language is Tigrinya, the others are Arabic, Tigre, Afar, Beja, Bilen, Kunama, Nara, and Saho. Tigrinya, Arabic, and English serve as the three working languages.
---
Government Type: Unitary one-party presidential republic under a totalitarian dictatorship
A Tigre Woman
Population: 727,000
---
Beliefs: The Tigre are 0.09% Christian. That means out of their population of 727,000, there are roughly only 650 believers. Thats roughly 1 believer for every 1,111 unbeliever.
Although the Tigre profess to be Sunni Muslims, most of them practice folk Islam, which is a blend of Islam and ethnic beliefs. Their traditional beliefs include animal sacrifices and rain making rituals. Sacrifices of livestock or corn are offered whenever they think their sins are numerous. They believe that the sacrifice becomes the scapegoat for their sins.
The Tigre also believe in an evil spirit named Zar, who possesses people and causes accidents, illnesses, and sometimes death. The people depend on shamans (priests) to cure the sick, communicate with the spirits, and control events. The shamans also exorcise demons and perform services by entering into a trance.
---
History: Dʿmt was a kingdom that encompassed most of Eritrea and the northern frontier of Ethiopia. The polity existed during the 10th to 5th centuries BC. Given the presence of a massive temple complex at Yeha, this area was most likely the kingdom's capital. Qohaito, often identified as the town of Koloe in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, as well as Matara were important ancient Dʿmt kingdom cities in southern Eritrea.
The realm developed irrigation schemes, used plows, grew millet, and made iron tools and weapons. After the fall of Dʿmt in the 5th century BC, the plateau came to be dominated by smaller successor kingdoms. This lasted until the rise of one of these polities during the first century, the Kingdom of Aksum, which was able to reunite the area.
The Kingdom of Aksum (or Axum) was a trading empire centered in Eritrea and northern Ethiopia. It existed from approximately 100–940 AD, growing from the proto-Aksumite Iron Age period around the 4th century BC to achieve prominence by the 1st century AD.
According to the medieval Liber Axumae (Book of Aksum), Aksum's first capital, Mazaber, was built by Itiyopis, son of Cush. The capital was later moved to Axum in northern Ethiopia. The kingdom used the name 'Ethiopia' as early as the 4th century.
After the decline of Aksum, the Eritrean highlands were under the domain of the Christian Kingdom of Medri Bahri, ruled by a Bahri Negus (or Bahri Negash, meaning 'sea king'). The area was at first known as Ma'ikele Bahri ('between the seas/rivers', i.e. the land between the Red Sea and the Mereb river). The entire coastal domain of Ma'ikele Bahri was under the Adal Sultanate during the reign of Sultan Badlay ibn Sa'ad ad-Din. The state was later reconquered by the Ethiopian Emperor Zara Yaqob and renamed the Medri Bahri ('Sea land' in Tigrinya, although it included some areas like Shire in Ethiopia on the other side of the Mereb, today in Ethiopia). With its capital at Debarwa, the state's main provinces were Hamasien, Serae and Akele Guzai.
By 1517, the Ottomans had succeeded in conquering Medri Bahri. They occupied all of northeastern present-day Eritrea for the next two decades, an area which stretched from Massawa to Swakin in Sudan. The territory became an Ottoman governorate, known as the Habesh Eyalet. Massawa served as the new province's first capital. When the city became of secondary economical importance, the administrative capital was soon moved across the Red Sea to Jeddah.
The Turks tried to occupy the highland parts of Medri Bahri in 1559 and withdrew after they encountered resistance and were pushed back by the Bahri Negash and highland forces. In 1578 they tried to expand into the highlands with the help of Bahri Negash Yisehaq, who had switched alliances due to a power struggle. Ethiopian emperor Sarsa Dengel made a punitive expedition against the Turks in 1588 in response to their raids in the northern provinces, and by 1589 they were once again apparently compelled to withdraw their forces to the coast. The Ottomans were eventually driven out in the last quarter of the 16th century. However, they retained control over the seaboard until the establishment of Italian Eritrea in the late 1800s.
In 1734, the Afar leader Kedafu, established the Mudaito Dynasty in Ethiopia, which later also came to include the southern Denkel lowlands of Eritrea, thus incorporating the southern Denkel lowlands to the Sultanate of Aussa. 16th century also marked the arrival of the Ottomans, who began making inroads in the Red Sea area.
The boundaries of the present-day Eritrea nation state were established during the Scramble for Africa. In 1869 or 1870, the ruling local chief sold lands surrounding the Bay of Assab to the Rubattino Shipping Company. The area served as a coaling station along the shipping lanes introduced by the recently completed Suez Canal.
In the vacuum that followed the 1889 death of Emperor Yohannes IV, Gen. Oreste Baratieri occupied the highlands along the Eritrean coast and Italy proclaimed the establishment of the new colony of Italian Eritrea, a colony of the Kingdom of Italy. In the Treaty of Wuchale (It. Uccialli) signed the same year, King Menelik of Shewa, a southern Ethiopian kingdom, recognized the Italian occupation of his rivals' lands of Bogos, Hamasien, Akkele Guzay, and Serae in exchange for guarantees of financial assistance and continuing access to European arms and ammunition. His subsequent victory over his rival kings and enthronement as Emperor Menelek II (r. 1889–1913) made the treaty formally binding upon the entire territory.
In 1888, the Italian administration launched its first development projects in the new colony. The Eritrean Railway was completed to Saati in 1888, and reached Asmara in the highlands in 1911. The Asmara–Massawa Cableway was the longest line in the world during its time, but was later dismantled by the British in World War II. Besides major infrastructural projects, the colonial authorities invested significantly in the agricultural sector. It also oversaw the provision of urban amenities in Asmara and Massawa, and employed many Eritreans in public service, particularly in the police and public works departments. Thousands of Eritreans were concurrently enlisted in the army, serving during the Italo-Turkish War in Libya as well as the First and Second Italo-Abyssinian Wars.
Additionally, the Italian Eritrea administration opened a number of new factories, which produced buttons, cooking oil, pasta, construction materials, packing meat, tobacco, hide, and other household commodities. In 1939, there were around 2,198 factories and most of the employees were Eritrean citizens. The establishment of industries also made an increase in the number of both Italians and Eritreans residing in the cities. The number of Italians residing in the territory increased from 4,600 to 75,000 in five years; and with the involvement of Eritreans in the industries, trade and fruit plantation was expanded across the nation, while some of the plantations were owned by Eritreans.
In 1922, Benito Mussolini's rise to power in Italy brought profound changes to the colonial government in Italian Eritrea. After il Duce declared the birth of the Italian Empire in May 1936, Italian Eritrea (enlarged with northern Ethiopia's regions) and Italian Somaliland were merged with the just conquered Ethiopia in the new Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana) administrative territory. This Fascist period was characterized by imperial expansion in the name of a 'new Roman Empire'. Eritrea was chosen by the Italian government to be the industrial center of Italian East Africa.
Through the 1941 Battle of Keren, the British expelled the Italians, and took over the administration of the country.
The British placed Eritrea under British military administration until Allied forces could determine its fate.
In the absence of agreement amongst the Allies concerning the status of Eritrea, British administration continued for the remainder of World War II and until 1950. During the immediate postwar years, the British proposed that Eritrea be divided along religious lines and annexed partly to the British colony of Sudan and partly to Ethiopia. The Soviet Union, anticipating a communist victory in the Italian polls, initially supported returning Eritrea to Italy under trusteeship or as a colony.
In the 1950s, the Ethiopian feudal administration under Emperor Haile Selassie sought to annex Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. He laid claim to both territories in a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference and at the First Session of the United Nations. In the United Nations, the debate over the fate of the former Italian colonies continued. The British and Americans preferred to cede all of Eritrea except the Western province to the Ethiopians as a reward for their support during World War II. The Independence Bloc of Eritrean parties consistently requested from the UN General Assembly that a referendum be held immediately to settle the Eritrean question of sovereignty.
Following the adoption of UN Resolution 390A(V) in December 1950, Eritrea was federated with Ethiopia under the prompting of the United States. The resolution called for Eritrea and Ethiopia to be linked through a loose federal structure under the sovereignty of the Emperor. Eritrea was to have its own administrative and judicial structure, its own flag, and control over its domestic affairs, including police, local administration, and taxation. The federal government, which for all practical purposes was the existing imperial government, was to control foreign affairs (including commerce), defense, finance, and transportation. The resolution ignored the wishes of Eritreans for independence, but guaranteed the population democratic rights and a measure of autonomy.
In 1958, a group of Eritreans founded the Eritrean Liberation Movement (ELM). The organization mainly consisted of Eritrean students, professionals and intellectuals. It engaged in clandestine political activities intended to cultivate resistance to the centralizing policies of the imperial Ethiopian state. On 1 September 1961, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF), under the leadership of Hamid Idris Awate, waged an armed struggle for independence. In 1962, Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the territory. The ensuing Eritrean War of Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa.
Following a UN-supervised referendum in Eritrea (dubbed UNOVER) in which the Eritrean people overwhelmingly voted for independence, Eritrea declared its independence and gained international recognition in 1993. The EPLF seized power, established a one-party state along nationalist lines and banned further political activity. There have been no elections since.
In 2020, Eritrean troops intervened in Ethiopia's Tigray War on the side of Ethiopian central government. In April 2021, Eritrea confirmed its troops are fighting in Ethiopia.
Bahta Hagos was an important leader of the Eritrean resistance to foreign domination specifically against northern Ethiopian and Italian colonialism.
Culture:Typical qualification that all people groups can't be summed up in small paragraphs and this is an over generalization.
The nomadic Tigre raise cattle, goats, sheep, and camels. These animals are sold in the markets, and the earnings are used to buy essential items. The nomads do not live in villages but roam about the countryside with their herds. They live in round huts, usually covered with mats made of woven goat or camel hair.
The semi-nomadic Tigre usually spend half the year in the northern highlands and the other half in the western lowlands. Their villages usually have only two or three huts. Their huts are also round and are covered with mats made of woven goat hair. They also tend livestock, usually cattle and goats.
The settled Tigre farmers raise corn, sorghum, wheat, barley, legumes, and linseed. They live in villages, and their homes are usually round with cone-shaped roofs made of branches and leaves. The walls are typically made of palm mats. Most of the farmers raise goats and, occasionally, cattle. Oxen, mules, and donkeys are used as pack animals. With unpredictable amounts of rainfall and families averaging seven children, many Tigre are dependent on government aid for survival.
The Tigre's traditional animal skin clothing has now been almost entirely replaced with commercial clothes. Their diet consists of dairy products, fruit, grain, and some slaughtered stock. The men tend the livestock while the women carry water from local water holes, build the huts, and care for the children. Tigre women like to wear jewelry, especially silver bracelets and strings of pearls. They also prefer to make their clothing from colored cloth, which is available at trading markets. Tobacco, coffee, and beer are frequent indulgences.
Tigre society is patrilineal, which means that the line of descent is traced through the males. Marriages are arranged by the parents; however, wedding customs have varied somewhat since the Tigre converted to Islam. Some of the people now adhere to Islamic customs, while others continue to follow the traditional customs. Members of a tribe usually follow the same set of rites and customs.
---

• Pray for God to grant His favor and wisdom to missions agencies focusing on the Tigre.
• Ask the Lord to call additional long-term workers to live and work among them.
• Ask God to strengthen, encourage, and protect the few known Tigre Christians in Eritrea.
• Pray that the Lord will give these converts boldness to share Jesus with their own people.
• Pray for the Holy Spirit to anoint the Gospel as it goes forth via the Jesus film among the Tigre.
• Ask God to call forth prayer teams who will begin breaking up the soil through intercession.
• Ask the Lord to raise up strong local churches among the Tigre of Eritrea.
• Pray for Georgia fans, and/or chuckle.
• Pray for our nation (the United States), that we Christians can learn to come alongside our hurting brothers and sisters and learn to carry one another's burdens in a more Christlike manner than we have done historically.
• Pray that in this time of chaos and panic that the needs of the unreached are not forgotten by the church. Pray that our hearts continue to ache to see the unreached hear the Good News.

Brothers, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for them is that they may be saved. (Romans 10:1)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Here are the previous weeks threads on the UPG of the Week for Reformed from 2021. To save some space on these, all UPG posts made 2019-now are here, I will try to keep this current.

People Group	Country	Continent	Date Posted	Beliefs
Tigre	Eritrea	Africa	12/06/2021	Islam*
Irish (Reached)	Ireland	Europe	11/29/2021	Christian*
Gheg Albanians	Kosovo	Europe	11/15/2021	Islam
Ryukyuan	Japan	Asia	11/08/2021	Animism
Vadoma	Zimbabwe	Africa	11/01/2021	Animism
Orang Negeri Minangkabau	Malaysia	Asia	10/25/2021	Islam
Brunei Malay	Brunei	Asia	10/18/2021	Islam
Crimean Tatars	Ukraine*	Europe*	10/11/2021	Islam
Khmer	Cambodia	Asia	10/04/2021	Buddhism
Muong	Vietnam	Asia	09/27/2021	Animsim
Afar	Djibouti	Africa	09/20/2021	Islam
Ngalong	Bhutan	Asia	09/13/2021	Buddhism*
Tajik	Afghanistan	Asia	09/06/2021	Islam
Pashayi	Afghanistan	Asia	08/30/2021	Islam
Hazara	Afghanistan	Asia	08/23/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Afghanistan	Asia	08/16/2021	Islam
Saharawi	Western Sahara	Africa	08/09/2021	Islam
Hijazi Arabs	Saudi Arabia	Asia	08/02/2021	Islam
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijan	Asia	07/26/2021	Islam
Shaikh	India	Asia	07/19/2021	Islam
Druze	Lebanon	Asia	07/12/2021	Druze
Eastern Aleut	Russia	Asia	06/28/2021	Animism
Al-Muhamasheen	Yemen	Asia	06/21/2021	Islam
Koreans	North Korea	Asia	06/14/2021	Nonreligious
Palestinians	Israel	Asia	06/07/2021	Islam
Kumyk	Turkey	Asia	05/31/2021	Islam
Tujia	China	Asia	05/24/2021	Animism
Jebala	Morocco	Africa	05/17/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Pakistan	Asia	05/10/2021	Islam
Salar	China	Asia	05/03/2021	Islam
Algerians	Algeria	Africa	04/26/2021	Islam
Sasak	Indonesia	Asia	04/19/2021	Islam
Senoufo	Mali	Africa	04/12/2021	Islam/Animism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	04/05/2021	Buddhism
Adi Dravida	India	Asia	03/29/2021	Hinduism
Northern Khmer	Thailand	Asia	03/22/2021	Buddhism
Balinese	Indonesia	Asia	03/15/2021	Hinduism
Central Kurd	Iraq	Asia	03/08/2021	Islam
Brahmin Hill	Nepal	Asia	03/01/2021	Hinduism
Bosniaks	Bosnia	Europe	02/22/2021	Islam
Guhayna	Sudan	Africa	02/15/2021	Islam
Laz	Georgia	Europe	02/08/2021	Islam
Bambara	Mali	Africa	02/01/2021	Islam/Animism
Darkhad	Mongolia	Asia	01/25/2021	Animism
South Ucayali Asheninka	Peru	South America	01/18/2021	Animism
Moroccan Arabs	Morocco	Africa	01/11/2021	Islam
Gulf Bedouin	United Arab Emirates	Asia	01/04/2021	Islam

As always, if you have experience in this country or with this people group, feel free to comment or let me know and I will happily edit it so that we can better pray for these peoples!
Here is a list of definitions in case you wonder what exactly I mean by words like 'Unreached'.
Here is a list of missions organizations that reach out to the world to do missions for the Glory of God.
submitted bypartypastortoReformed [link][comments]

2021.11.29 18:36 partypastorReached People Group of the Year - Irish of Ireland

Every year I do a reached people group around thanksgiving, to be thankful for the work our Lord has done through missionaries and pastors around the world. I wanted to do it last week but the weeks busyness got on top of me. Meet the Irish of Ireland. Yes, I do realize that today, European peoples are less and less Christian, however, they are reached and for a time were the dominant Christian peoples of our world. So today, we celebrate that the Gospel reached Ireland and took hold of the country.
Do not use this as a place to argue about Catholicism.
https://preview.redd.it/o895pylxtj281.png?width=340&format=png&auto=webp&s=59411864c5370f885110e0ec9b07a86642630ce4
Index Ranking (Urgency): 157
---
Climate: The island's lush vegetation, a product of its mild climate and frequent rainfall, earns it the sobriquet the Emerald Isle. Overall, Ireland has a mild but changeable oceanic climate with few extremes. The climate is typically insular and temperate, avoiding the extremes in temperature of many other areas in the world at similar latitudes. This is a result of the moist winds which ordinarily prevail from the southwestern Atlantic.
Precipitation falls throughout the year but is light overall, particularly in the east. The west tends to be wetter on average and prone to Atlantic storms, especially in the late autumn and winter months. These occasionally bring destructive winds and higher total rainfall to these areas, as well as sometimes snow and hail. The regions of north County Galway and east County Mayo have the highest incidents of recorded lightning annually for the island, with lightning occurring approximately five to ten days per year in these areas. Munster, in the south, records the least snow whereas Ulster, in the north, records the most.
Inland areas are warmer in summer and colder in winter. Usually around 40 days of the year are below freezing 0 °C (32 °F) at inland weather stations, compared to 10 days at coastal stations. Ireland is sometimes affected by heatwaves, most recently in 1995, 2003, 2006, 2013 and 2018. In common with the rest of Europe, Ireland experienced unusually cold weather during the winter of 2010-11. Temperatures fell as low as −17.2 °C (1 °F) in County Mayo on 20 December and up to a metre (3 ft) of snow fell in mountainous areas.
https://preview.redd.it/zfze1j7ztj281.png?width=240&format=png&auto=webp&s=a3c901c04fe754655aa0acd5643c5aac9ded9796
Terrain: A ring of coastal mountains surround low plains at the centre of the island. The highest of these is Carrauntoohil (Irish: Corrán Tuathail) in County Kerry, which rises to 1,038 m (3,406 ft) above sea level. The most arable land lies in the province of Leinster. Western areas are mainly mountainous and rocky with green panoramic vistas. River Shannon, the island's longest river at 386 km (240 mi) long, rises in County Cavan in the north west and flows through Limerick in the mid west.
---
Environmental Issues: Climate disruption, chemical exposure, and underinvestment in drinking water and wastewater treatment infrastructure are risks to our environment and our health.
---
Languages: The two official languages of the Republic of Ireland are Irish and English. Each language has produced noteworthy literature. Irish, though now only the language of a minority, was the vernacular of the Irish people for thousands of years and was possibly introduced during the Iron Age. It began to be written down after Christianisation in the 5th century and spread to Scotland and the Isle of Man, where it evolved into the Scottish Gaelic and Manx languages respectively.
---
Government Type: Unitary parliamentary republic
https://preview.redd.it/ua8mz4slvj281.png?width=440&format=png&auto=webp&s=617c0f7ebdd7bc117964fa67f2ae1d35edbe1617
https://preview.redd.it/mygtn84f0k281.png?width=200&format=png&auto=webp&s=edff29d007d4cb73503e345b166ca7e810b28238
Population: 4,083,000
---
Beliefs: The Irish are 95% Christian. Much of that is nominal, however, they luckily have the Gospel in their grasp when they want to seek for it.
Christianity was established in Ireland by Patrick in the 5th Century AD; the island’s culture has until recently been heavily influenced by Roman Catholicism and, to a lesser extent, Protestantism after the Reformation. The majority of Irish people describe their religious identity as Roman Catholic although due to the rapid rise of secularism, many have only a nominal faith. Irish Protestants attend or are affiliated to a range of churches, from long-established denominations – e.g. Church of Ireland (Anglican), Presbyterian and Methodist – to more recently formed independent fellowships.
---
History: The earliest written records of Ireland come from classical Greco-Roman geographers. Ptolemy in his Almagest refers to Ireland as Mikra Brettania ('Little Britain'), in contrast to the larger island, which he called Megale Brettania ('Great Britain'). In his later work, Geography, Ptolemy refers to Ireland as Iouernia and to Great Britain as Albion. These 'new' names were likely to have been the local names for the islands at the time. The earlier names, in contrast, were likely to have been coined before direct contact with local peoples was made.
The Romans referred to Ireland by this name too in its Latinised form, Hibernia, or Scotia. Ptolemy records sixteen nations inhabiting every part of Ireland in 100 AD. The relationship between the Roman Empire and the kingdoms of ancient Ireland is unclear. However, a number of finds of Roman coins have been made, for example at the Iron Age settlement of Freestone Hill near Gowran and Newgrange.
Ireland continued as a patchwork of rival kingdoms; however, beginning in the 7th century, a concept of national kingship gradually became articulated through the concept of a High King of Ireland. Medieval Irish literature portrays an almost unbroken sequence of high kings stretching back thousands of years, but modern historians believe the scheme was constructed in the 8th century to justify the status of powerful political groupings by projecting the origins of their rule into the remote past.
All of the Irish kingdoms had their own kings but were nominally subject to the high king. The high king was drawn from the ranks of the provincial kings and ruled also the royal kingdom of Meath, with a ceremonial capital at the Hill of Tara. The concept did not become a political reality until the Viking Age and even then was not a consistent one. Ireland did have a culturally unifying rule of law: the early written judicial system, the Brehon Laws, administered by a professional class of jurists known as the brehons.
The Chronicle of Ireland records that in 431, Bishop Palladius arrived in Ireland on a mission from Pope Celestine I to minister to the Irish 'already believing in Christ'. The same chronicle records that Saint Patrick, Ireland's best known patron saint, arrived the following year. There is continued debate over the missions of Palladius and Patrick, but the consensus is that they both took place and that the older druid tradition collapsed in the face of the new religion. Irish Christian scholars excelled in the study of Latin and Greek learning and Christian theology. In the monastic culture that followed the Christianisation of Ireland, Latin and Greek learning was preserved in Ireland during the Early Middle Ages in contrast to elsewhere in Western Europe, where the Dark Ages followed the Fall of the Western Roman Empire.
What comes next was a history of oppression from the tyrant English.
On 1 May 1169, an expedition of Cambro-Norman knights, with an army of about 600 men, landed at Bannow Strand in present-day County Wexford. It was led by Richard de Clare, known as 'Strongbow' owing to his prowess as an archer. The invasion, which coincided with a period of renewed Norman expansion, was at the invitation of Dermot Mac Murrough, King of Leinster.
In 1166, Mac Murrough had fled to Anjou, France, following a war involving Tighearnán Ua Ruairc, of Breifne, and sought the assistance of the Angevin King Henry II, in recapturing his kingdom. In 1171, Henry arrived in Ireland in order to review the general progress of the expedition. He wanted to re-exert royal authority over the invasion which was expanding beyond his control. Henry successfully re-imposed his authority over Strongbow and the Cambro-Norman warlords and persuaded many of the Irish kings to accept him as their overlord, an arrangement confirmed in the 1175 Treaty of Windsor.
The invasion was legitimised by the provisions of the Papal Bull Laudabiliter, issued by an Englishman, Adrian IV, in 1155. The bull encouraged Henry to take control in Ireland in order to oversee the financial and administrative reorganisation of the Irish Church and its integration into the Roman Church system. Some restructuring had already begun at the ecclesiastical level following the Synod of Kells in 1152. There has been significant controversy regarding the authenticity of Laudabiliter, and there is no general agreement as to whether the bull was genuine or a forgery.
Over the century that followed, Norman feudal law gradually replaced the Gaelic Brehon Law so that by the late 13th century the Norman-Irish had established a feudal system throughout much of Ireland. Norman settlements were characterized by the establishment of baronies, manors, towns and the seeds of the modern county system. A version of the Magna Carta (the Great Charter of Ireland), substituting Dublin for London and the Irish Church for, the English church at the time, the Catholic Church, was published in 1216 and the Parliament of Ireland was founded in 1297.
From the mid-14th century, after the Black Death, Norman settlements in Ireland went into a period of decline. The Norman rulers and the Gaelic Irish elites intermarried and the areas under Norman rule became Gaelicized. In some parts, a hybrid Hiberno-Norman culture emerged. In response, the Irish parliament passed the Statutes of Kilkenny in 1367. These were a set of laws designed to prevent the assimilation of the Normans into Irish society by requiring English subjects in Ireland to speak English, follow English customs and abide by English law.
By the end of the 15th century, central English authority in Ireland had all but disappeared, and a renewed Irish culture and language, albeit with Norman influences, was dominant again. English Crown control remained relatively unshaken in an amorphous foothold around Dublin known as The Pale, and under the provisions of Poynings' Law of 1494, the Irish Parliamentary legislation was subject to the approval of the English Privy Council.
The title of King of Ireland was re-created in 1542 by Henry VIII, the then King of England, of the Tudor dynasty. English rule was reinforced and expanded in Ireland during the latter part of the 16th century, leading to the Tudor conquest of Ireland. A near-complete conquest was achieved by the turn of the 17th century, following the Nine Years' War and the Flight of the Earls.
This control was consolidated during the wars and conflicts of the 17th century, including the English and Scottish colonisation in the Plantations of Ireland, the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and the Williamite War. Irish losses during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (which, in Ireland, included the Irish Confederacy and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland) are estimated to include 20,000 battlefield casualties. 200,000 civilians are estimated to have died as a result of a combination of war-related famine, displacement, guerrilla activity and pestilence throughout the war. A further 50,000 were sent into indentured servitude in the West Indies. Physician-general William Petty estimated that 504,000 Catholic Irish and 112,000 Protestant settlers died, and 100,000 people were transported, as a result of the war. If a prewar population of 1.5 million is assumed, this would mean that the population was reduced by almost half.
The religious struggles of the 17th century left a deep sectarian division in Ireland. Religious allegiance now determined the perception in law of loyalty to the Irish King and Parliament. After the passing of the Test Act 1672, and the victory of the forces of the dual monarchy of William and Mary over the Jacobites, Roman Catholics and nonconforming Protestant Dissenters were barred from sitting as members in the Irish Parliament. Under the emerging Penal Laws, Irish Roman Catholics and Dissenters were increasingly deprived of various and sundry civil rights even to the ownership of hereditary property. Additional regressive punitive legislation followed in 1703, 1709 and 1728. This completed a comprehensive systemic effort to materially disadvantage Roman Catholics and Protestant Dissenters, while enriching a new ruling class of Anglican conformists. The new Anglo-Irish ruling class became known as the Protestant Ascendancy.
The 'Great Frost' struck Ireland and the rest of Europe between December 1739 and September 1741, after a decade of relatively mild winters. The winters destroyed stored crops of potatoes and other staples, and the poor summers severely damaged harvests. This resulted in the famine of 1740. An estimated 250,000 people (about one in eight of the population) died from the ensuing pestilence and disease. The Irish government halted export of corn and kept the army in quarters but did little more. Local gentry and charitable organizations provided relief but could do little to prevent the ensuing mortality.
In the aftermath of the famine, an increase in industrial production and a surge in trade brought a succession of construction booms. The population soared in the latter part of this century and the architectural legacy of Georgian Ireland was built. In 1782, Poynings' Law was repealed, giving Ireland legislative independence from Great Britain for the first time since 1495. The British government, however, still retained the right to nominate the government of Ireland without the consent of the Irish parliament.
In 1798, members of the Protestant Dissenter tradition (mainly Presbyterian) made common cause with Roman Catholics in a republican rebellion inspired and led by the Society of United Irishmen, with the aim of creating an independent Ireland. Despite assistance from France the rebellion was put down by British and Irish government and yeomanry forces. In 1800, the British and Irish parliaments both passed Acts of Union that, with effect from 1 January 1801, merged the Kingdom of Ireland and the Kingdom of Great Britain to create a United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
The passage of the Act in the Irish Parliament was ultimately achieved with substantial majorities, having failed on the first attempt in 1799. According to contemporary documents and historical analysis, this was achieved through a considerable degree of bribery, with funding provided by the British Secret Service Office, and the awarding of peerages, places and honours to secure votes. Thus, the parliament in Ireland was abolished and replaced by a united parliament at Westminster in London, though resistance remained, as evidenced by Robert Emmet's failed Irish Rebellion of 1803.
The Great Famine of 1845–1851 devastated Ireland, as in those years Ireland's population fell by one-third. More than one million people died from starvation and disease, with an additional million people emigrating during the famine, mostly to the United States and Canada. In the century that followed, an economic depression caused by the famine resulted in a further million people emigrating. By the end of the decade, half of all immigration to the United States was from Ireland. The period of civil unrest that followed until the end of the 19th century is referred to as the Land War. Mass emigration became deeply entrenched and the population continued to decline until the mid-20th century. Immediately prior to the famine the population was recorded as 8.2 million by the 1841 census. The population has never returned to this level since. The population continued to fall until 1961; County Leitrim was the final Irish county to record a population increase post-famine, in 2006.
The 19th and early 20th centuries saw the rise of modern Irish nationalism, primarily among the Roman Catholic population. The pre-eminent Irish political figure after the Union was Daniel O'Connell. He was elected as Member of Parliament for Ennis in a surprise result and despite being unable to take his seat as a Roman Catholic. O'Connell spearheaded a vigorous campaign that was taken up by the Prime Minister, the Irish-born soldier and statesman, the Duke of Wellington. Steering the Catholic Relief Bill through Parliament, aided by future prime minister Robert Peel, Wellington prevailed upon a reluctant George IV to sign the Bill and proclaim it into law. George's father had opposed the plan of the earlier Prime Minister, Pitt the Younger, to introduce such a bill following the Union of 1801, fearing Catholic Emancipation to be in conflict with the Act of Settlement 1701.
In December 1921, the Anglo-Irish Treaty was concluded between the British government and representatives of the Second Dáil. It gave Ireland complete independence in its home affairs and practical independence for foreign policy, but an opt-out clause allowed Northern Ireland to remain within the United Kingdom, which (as expected) it immediately exercised. Additionally, Members of the Free State Parliament were required to swear an oath of allegiance to the Constitution of the Irish Free State and make a statement of faithfulness to the King. Disagreements over these provisions led to a split in the nationalist movement and a subsequent Irish Civil War between the new government of the Irish Free State and those opposed to the treaty, led by Éamon de Valera. The civil war officially ended in May 1923 when de Valera issued a cease-fire order.
The Irish Civil War (June 1922 – May 1923) was the consequence of the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the creation of the Irish Free State. Anti-treaty forces, led by Éamon de Valera, objected to the fact that acceptance of the treaty abolished the Irish Republic of 1919 to which they had sworn loyalty, arguing in the face of public support for the settlement that the 'people have no right to do wrong'. They objected most to the fact that the state would remain part of the British Empire and that members of the Free State Parliament would have to swear what the Anti-treaty side saw as an oath of fidelity to the British King. Pro-treaty forces, led by Michael Collins, argued that the treaty gave 'not the ultimate freedom that all nations aspire to and develop, but the freedom to achieve it'.
At the start of the war, the Irish Republican Army (IRA) split into two opposing camps: a pro-treaty IRA and an anti-treaty IRA. The pro-treaty IRA disbanded and joined the new National Army. However, because the anti-treaty IRA lacked an effective command structure and because of the pro-treaty forces' defensive tactics throughout the war, Michael Collins and his pro-treaty forces were able to build up an army with many tens of thousands of World War I veterans from the 1922 disbanded Irish regiments of the British Army, capable of overwhelming the anti-treatyists. British supplies of artillery, aircraft, machine-guns and ammunition boosted pro-treaty forces, and the threat of a return of Crown forces to the Free State removed any doubts about the necessity of enforcing the treaty. Lack of public support for the anti-treaty forces (often called the Irregulars) and the determination of the government to overcome the Irregulars contributed significantly to their defeat.
During its first decade, the newly formed Irish Free State was governed by the victors of the civil war. When de Valera achieved power, he took advantage of the Statute of Westminster and political circumstances to build upon inroads to greater sovereignty made by the previous government. The oath was abolished and in 1937 a new constitution was adopted. This completed a process of gradual separation from the British Empire that governments had pursued since independence. However, it was not until 1949 that the state was declared, officially, to be the Republic of Ireland.
The state was neutral during World War II, but offered clandestine assistance to the Allies, particularly in the potential defense of Northern Ireland. Despite their country's neutrality, approximately 50,000 volunteers from independent Ireland joined the British forces during the war, four being awarded Victoria Crosses.
The German intelligence was also active in Ireland. Its operations ended in September 1941 when police made arrests based on surveillance carried out on the key diplomatic legations in Dublin. To the authorities, counterintelligence was a fundamental line of defense. With a regular army of only slightly over seven thousand men at the start of the war, and with limited supplies of modern weapons, the state would have had great difficulty in defending itself from invasion from either side in the conflict.
Large-scale emigration marked most of the post-WWII period (particularly during the 1950s and 1980s), but beginning in 1987 the economy improved, and the 1990s saw the beginning of substantial economic growth. This period of growth became known as the Celtic Tiger. The Republic's real GDP grew by an average of 9.6% per annum between 1995 and 1999, in which year the Republic joined the euro. In 2000, it was the sixth-richest country in the world in terms of GDP per capita. Historian R. F. Foster argues the cause was a combination of a new sense of initiative and the entry of American corporations. He concludes the chief factors were low taxation, pro-business regulatory policies, and a young, tech-savvy workforce. For many multinationals, the decision to do business in Ireland was made easier still by generous incentives from the Industrial Development Authority. In addition European Union membership was helpful, giving the country lucrative access to markets that it had previously reached only through the United Kingdom, and pumping huge subsidies and investment capital into the Irish economy.
Modernization brought secularization in its wake. The traditionally high levels of religiosity have sharply declined. Foster points to three factors: First, Irish feminism, largely imported from America with liberal stances on contraception, abortion and divorce, undermined the authority of bishops and priests. Second, the mishandling of the pedophile scandals humiliated the Church, whose bishops seemed less concerned with the victims and more concerned with covering up for errant priests. Third, prosperity brought hedonism and materialism that undercut the ideals of saintly poverty.
Northern Ireland resulted from the division of the United Kingdom by the Government of Ireland Act 1920, and until 1972 was a self-governing jurisdiction within the United Kingdom with its own parliament and prime minister. Northern Ireland, as part of the United Kingdom, was not neutral during the Second World War, and Belfast suffered four bombing raids in 1941. Conscription was not extended to Northern Ireland, and roughly an equal number volunteered from Northern Ireland as volunteered from the south.
---
Culture:Typical qualification that all people groups can't be summed up in small paragraphs and this is an over generalization.
Ireland's culture comprises elements of the culture of ancient peoples, later immigrant and broadcast cultural influences (chiefly Gaelic culture, Anglicization, Americanization and aspects of broader European culture). In broad terms, Ireland is regarded as one of the Celtic nations of Europe, alongside Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, Isle of Man and Brittany. This combination of cultural influences is visible in the intricate designs termed Irishinterlace or Celtic knotwork. These can be seen in the ornamentation of medieval religious and secular works. The style is still popular today in jewelry and graphic art, as is the distinctive style of traditional Irish music and dance, and has become indicative of modern 'Celtic' culture in general.
Religion has played a significant role in the cultural life of the island since ancient times (and since the 17th century plantations, has been the focus of political identity and divisions on the island). Ireland's pre-Christian heritage fused with the Celtic Church following the missions of Saint Patrick in the 5th century. The Hiberno-Scottish missions, begun by the Irish monk Saint Columba, spread the Irish vision of Christianity to pagan England and the Frankish Empire. These missions brought written language to an illiterate population of Europe during the Dark Ages that followed the fall of Rome, earning Ireland the sobriquet, 'the island of saints and scholars'.
Since the 20th century Irish pubs worldwide have become outposts of Irish culture, especially those with a full range of cultural and gastronomic offerings.
---

• Thank God for the work He did in Ireland.
• Thank God for the missionaries sent to and from Ireland.
• Pray that nominal and secular Catholics and Protestants will give their lives to Jesus Christ.
• Pray for continued political and economic stability.
• Pray that God will grant His wisdom and favor to missions agencies that are currently focusing on the Irish.
• Ask the Lord to raise up local long-term laborers in Ireland to share the Good News.
• Ask God to use the small number of active believers to share Christ's love with their own people.
• Ask the Lord to raise up strong local churches among the Irish.
• Pray for the Georgians, especially those in Athens who are filled with pride and desperately need the Gospel and the humility of Christ.
• Pray for our nation (the United States), that we Christians can learn to come alongside our hurting brothers and sisters and learn to carry one another's burdens in a more Christlike manner than we have done historically.
• Pray for Auburn fans.
• Pray that in this time of chaos and panic that the needs of the unreached are not forgotten by the church. Pray that our hearts continue to ache to see the unreached hear the Good News.

Brothers, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for them is that they may be saved. (Romans 10:1)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Here are the previous weeks threads on the UPG of the Week for Reformed

People Group	Country	Continent	Date Posted	Beliefs
Irish (Reached)	Ireland	Europe	11/29/2021	Christian*
Gheg Albanians	Kosovo	Europe	11/15/2021	Islam
Ryukyuan	Japan	Asia	11/08/2021	Animism
Vadoma	Zimbabwe	Africa	11/01/2021	Animism
Orang Negeri Minangkabau	Malaysia	Asia	10/25/2021	Islam
Brunei Malay	Brunei	Asia	10/18/2021	Islam
Crimean Tatars	Ukraine*	Europe*	10/11/2021	Islam
Khmer	Cambodia	Asia	10/04/2021	Buddhism
Muong	Vietnam	Asia	09/27/2021	Animsim
Afar	Djibouti	Africa	09/20/2021	Islam
Ngalong	Bhutan	Asia	09/13/2021	Buddhism*
Tajik	Afghanistan	Asia	09/06/2021	Islam
Pashayi	Afghanistan	Asia	08/30/2021	Islam
Hazara	Afghanistan	Asia	08/23/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Afghanistan	Asia	08/16/2021	Islam
Saharawi	Western Sahara	Africa	08/09/2021	Islam
Hijazi Arabs	Saudi Arabia	Asia	08/02/2021	Islam
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijan	Asia	07/26/2021	Islam
Shaikh	India	Asia	07/19/2021	Islam
Druze	Lebanon	Asia	07/12/2021	Druze
Eastern Aleut	Russia	Asia	06/28/2021	Animism
Al-Muhamasheen	Yemen	Asia	06/21/2021	Islam
Koreans	North Korea	Asia	06/14/2021	Nonreligious
Palestinians	Israel	Asia	06/07/2021	Islam
Kumyk	Turkey	Asia	05/31/2021	Islam
Tujia	China	Asia	05/24/2021	Animism
Jebala	Morocco	Africa	05/17/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Pakistan	Asia	05/10/2021	Islam
Salar	China	Asia	05/03/2021	Islam
Algerians	Algeria	Africa	04/26/2021	Islam
Sasak	Indonesia	Asia	04/19/2021	Islam
Senoufo	Mali	Africa	04/12/2021	Islam/Animism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	04/05/2021	Buddhism
Adi Dravida	India	Asia	03/29/2021	Hinduism
Northern Khmer	Thailand	Asia	03/22/2021	Buddhism
Balinese	Indonesia	Asia	03/15/2021	Hinduism
Central Kurd	Iraq	Asia	03/08/2021	Islam
Brahmin Hill	Nepal	Asia	03/01/2021	Hinduism
Bosniaks	Bosnia	Europe	02/22/2021	Islam
Guhayna	Sudan	Africa	02/15/2021	Islam
Laz	Georgia	Europe	02/08/2021	Islam
Bambara	Mali	Africa	02/01/2021	Islam/Animism
Darkhad	Mongolia	Asia	01/25/2021	Animism
South Ucayali Asheninka	Peru	South America	01/18/2021	Animism
Moroccan Arabs	Morocco	Africa	01/11/2021	Islam
Gulf Bedouin	United Arab Emirates	Asia	01/04/2021	Islam
Sinhalese	Australia	Oceania	12/28/2020	Buddhism
Rohingya	Myanmar	Asia	12/21/2020	Islam
Bosniak	Slovenia	Europe	12/14/2020	Islam
Palestinian Arabs	West Bank	Asia	12/07/2020	Islam
Larke	Nepal	Asia	11/30/2020	Buddhist
Korean (Reached People Group)	South Korea	Asia	11/23/2020	Christian
Qashqa'i	Iran	Asia	11/16/2020	Islam
Saaroa	Taiwan	Asia	11/02/2020	Animism (?)
Urdu	Ireland	Europe	10/26/2020	Islam
Wolof	Senegal	Africa	10/19/2020	Islam
Turkish Cypriot	Cyprus	Europe	10/12/2020	Islam
Awjilah	Libya	Africa	10/05/2020	Islam
Manihar	India	Asia	09/28/2020	Islam
Tianba	China	Asia	09/21/2020	Animism
Arab	Qatar	Asia	09/14/2020	Islam
Turkmen	Turkmenistan	Asia	08/31/2020	Islam
Lyuli	Uzbekistan	Asia	08/24/2020	Islam
Kyrgyz	Kyrgyzstan	Asia	08/17/2020	Islam*
Yakut	Russia	Asia	08/10/2020	Animism*
Northern Katang	Laos	Asia	08/03/2020	Animism
Uyghur	Kazakhstan	Asia	07/27/2020	Islam
Syrian (Levant Arabs)	Syria	Asia	07/20/2020	Islam
Teda	Chad	Africa	07/06/2020	Islam
Kotokoli	Togo	Africa	06/28/2020	Islam
Hobyot	Oman	Asia	06/22/2020	Islam
Moor	Sri Lanka	Asia	06/15/2020	Islam
Shaikh	Bangladesh	Asia	06/08/2020	Islam
Khalka Mongols	Mongolia	Asia	06/01/2020	Animism
Comorian	France	Europe	05/18/2020	Islam
Bedouin	Jordan	Asia	05/11/2020	Islam
Muslim Thai	Thailand	Asia	05/04/2020	Islam
Nubian	Uganda	Africa	04/27/2020	Islam
Kraol	Cambodia	Asia	04/20/2020	Animism
Tay	Vietnam	Asia	04/13/2020	Animism
Yoruk	Turkey	Asia	04/06/2020	Islam
Xiaoliangshn Nosu	China	Asia	03/30/2020	Animism
Jat (Muslim)	Pakistan	Asia	03/23/2020	Islam
Beja Bedawi	Egypt	Africa	03/16/2020	Islam
Lisu (Reached People Group)	China	Asia	11/27/2019	Christian

As always, if you have experience in this country or with this people group, feel free to comment or let me know and I will happily edit it so that we can better pray for these peoples!
Here is a list of definitions in case you wonder what exactly I mean by words like 'Unreached'.
Here is a list of missions organizations that reach out to the world to do missions for the Glory of God.
submitted bypartypastortoReformed [link][comments]

2021.11.19 01:50 freespinsgratis_comTrue Fortune Casino $20 free chip no deposit bonus

​ True Fortune Casino Review Open your account with True Fortune Casino and get $20 exclusive free chips! This promotion comes a no deposit bonus on sign-up. Additionally, new players receive a 400% welcome bonus of up to $6,000. No bonus code required. Wagering conditions: 30x. USA players OK. Bitcoin payments accepted! >>Grab Free Bonus Here<< True Fortune Casino made its foray into the iGaming scene in 2020. The site captures the eye with its modern design that features a black and blue color scheme. The layout is straightforward and the website features various filters that help players to navigate through the games. Even though the interactive casino is new on the market, it already enjoys players’ attention from various jurisdictions. The casino’s gaming portfolio is humble but in the operator’s defense, we must say that it covers major genres such as slots, table games, progressive jackpots, video poker, and specialty games. True Fortune Casino partners with Betsoft, Saucify, and Rival Gaming that power the site’s gaming content. Bonuses have become an integral part of running a successful online casino. Therefore, casino enthusiasts who decide to sign up at True Fortune Casino can expect a generous Welcome Bonus. To keep its users satisfied with their stay at the casino, the operator also offers other promotions as well as a loyalty scheme specially designed to reward its patrons. Another advantage of the casino is that its platform is available in several languages. In that way, the site caters to the needs of casino enthusiasts who are not fluent in English. If you find yourself in a pickle, you can always count on the professional customer support department that responds in a prompt fashion. Although the payment options at True Fortune Casino are scarce, they are among the most reliable ones and are accepted worldwide. True Fortune Casino Bonuses and Promotions As a relatively new casino, we must admit that there are not a lot of promotions on offer. However, the casino knows how to greet its new recruits by surprising them with a hefty Welcome Bonus. The sign-up offer can get you up to $2,000. The minimum deposit to qualify for this promotion is set at $25. Prior to cashing out, players need to wager the total amount of the bonus and the deposit 35x. To ensure fair play, the casino pegged the maximum bet at $5 while clearing the playthrough. It is of crucial importance to mention that casino mavens are allowed to play only slots, keno, and scratch cards with the bonus funds from the sign-up promotion. All variations of table and card games, video poker, and progressive jackpots are excluded from this promotion. According to the casino’s Terms & Conditions, casino aficionados have 30 days to meet the wagering requirements tied to the bonus. Players from Sweden and Denmark have 60 days to clear the rollover. Please note that residents of the following countries are not allowed to claim deposit bonuses offered at True Fortune Casino: Bulgaria, Costa Rica, Georgia, Latvia, Russia, the UK, Canada, Israel, and Ukraine. This promotion can be claimed only once by new registrants of the casino. Casino enthusiasts who are craving for a flying start are recommended to benefit from this promotion as it comes with a staggering match percentage of 200%. It is important to mention that the promotion should be claimed prior to making the first deposit. If table games are more up to your alley, the casino tailored a special bonus on your first deposit that is intended for playing all variations of table games offered at True Fortune Casino. The promotion states that players can claim 100% Cashback Insurance on their first deposit in case they make a qualifying deposit of at least $25. We got in touch with the customer support department to learn that this promotion has a 1x playthrough. This means that if you lose the total amount of your first deposit, you will have it completely recovered and you need to wager it just 1x in order to withdraw funds from your gaming account. To claim the bonus, casino enthusiasts need to contact the customer support agents via Live Chat after they lose the entire amount of their first deposit against the house. The loyalty scheme of the casino is another reason to spend some more time at the relevant gaming site. For each $1 you spend at True Fortune will bring you 1 comp point. In case you collect 100,000 comp points you can convert them into $100. This means that you need to wager at least $100,000 in order to receive $100 from the casino. We learned that to withdraw the funds you receive from the loyalty scheme, players should wager them at least 1x. Despite the humble number of bonus incentives, these are quite generous as you can see from the Welcome Bonus. We must admit that the loyalty scheme is not the most profitable, but we appreciate the fact that the casino team took care of its loyal fans as there are many competitors out there that do not offer any perks to its existing customers. >>Grab Free Bonus Here<< Gaming Software Providers To provide you with a fun-filled casino experience right at your home, the gambling operator joined hands with some well-established and innovative software providers, and more precisely Betsoft, Saucify, and Rival Gaming. Unlike many web-based casinos that collaborate with dozens of suppliers, True Fortune Casino decided to take another approach. That explains the modest assortment of games offered at the gaming site, but we highly value the quality of the games. In the lines below we will mention a few words about the brands that power the casino’s gaming library. Undoubtedly, casino enthusiasts have come across a gaming product developed by Betsoft at least once during their gambling escapades. The software company’s history dates as far back as 1999 and currently, it is known for its remarkable collection of slots. Betsoft’s games employ some of the most sought-after animations. The software provider holds licenses issued by Malta, Romania, and Curacao. Even though we cannot enlist Saucify among the most well-known brands, the software supplier incorporates an innovative touch in its gaming products. For that reason, a growing number of casino operators are eyeing the opportunity to partner with this software company that is licensed by the Government of Curacao. Established in 2006, Rival Gaming has become a premier software supplier that brags about its abundant gaming portfolio and remarkable quality of the products it offers. The developer offers its gaming portfolio thanks to a license issued by the Curacao Gaming Control Board. We should mention that Rival Gaming is the main provider of games offered at True Fortune Casino. Having all this in mind, we can conclude that despite the narrow selection of games, True Fortune mainly focuses on the quality of the products. What is more, most of the games offered at the casino are performing great on mobile devices that run on iOS or Android. True Fortune Casino Banking The payment methods that are on offer at True Fortune Casino are certainly not broad with 4 options to make deposits and only 2 options to withdraw funds. The casino accepts credit/debit cards by Visa, Mastercard, and Maestro for making deposits. Bitcoin is also implemented as a payment solution and we consider it among the best options you have at the gambling site as it supports both deposits and withdrawals. In addition to that, your safety and anonymity are guaranteed. The minimum amount you can deposit is $25 and the payment will be processed instantly. It must be noted that a 3% processing fee will be imposed on all deposits. What is more, casino enthusiasts should be familiar with the currencies the casino accepts, and namely USD, EUR, AUD, and ZAR. Payment options are also quite tight, and these include only Bitcoin and Wire Transfer. There is a limit on the minimum amount players can cash out and that is $100. According to our opinion, this withdrawal limit is too high compared to other casino operators that offer cashout limits that start from $10. As for the maximum withdrawal limit, it is determined by your deposit. Assuming that your last deposit is not exceeding $249, the maximum cashout amounts to 10x the deposit, or no more than $2,490 per transaction. If the amount of your deposit is equal to or exceeds $250, the operator does not impose any limits. It is important to explain that withdrawals are free of charges, but the casino is not responsible for fees that might occur on behalf of the payment service provider. Players are required to verify their accounts before heading to the cashier to request their first withdrawal. This is a standard procedure and you will need to provide a copy of ID or passport, a recent utility bill, a copy of the credit/debit card used to make a deposit (only the first four and the last four digits should be visible), and a signed Card Authorization Form (CAF) that can be found at the website of the casino. As for the pending time, we were quite surprised to find that it might reach up to 18 days. We consider this to be a major drawback of the casino as most of the operators offer significantly shorter pending periods. The casino’s customer support department informed us that it might take less time to process the withdrawal request, but if you are cashing out for the first time, you should be prepared to wait. >>Grab Free Bonus Here<< True Fortune Mobile Casino The casino is designed in a mobile compatible way, meaning that you can play the game you wish to via your portable device. The games are performing greatly, so you are unlikely to face troubles running the website on any relatively modern mobile device. The layout of the casino’s mobile version is minimalistic and well-organized. In that sense, navigating through True Fortune Casino even via your touchscreen device is a cinch. All the important information and the games are nicely sorted into categories. The instant-play app of the casino aims at replicating the desktop experience. On a more positive note, the games load quickly and adapt well to different screen sizes. On-the-go casino enthusiasts will be delighted to learn that the majority of the games are mobile-friendly. The filtering system will help you find the types of games you wish to play in a snap. The clarity and crispness of the graphics are remarkable. On top of that, casino mavens are enabled to change the settings of the game, and more precisely to adjust the volume of the sounds and the game speed. The main menu button is located in the upper right corner of the screen and it will navigate you through the available promotions, banking methods, and the customer support department. To the left of the main menu button, you will see the option to change the language settings. You can choose from English, French, German, Spanish, or Italian. If you scroll down, you will see the Terms & Conditions section at the bottom of the site. Assuming that you decide to sign up at True Fortune Casino and log in to your gaming account via your PC or mobile device, the casino will provide you with the opportunity to play for fun or for real money. In case you choose to play for fun and log in to your account, you can easily switch to the play-for-real-money mode anytime you want. At the moment of writing this review, True Fortune Casino does not offer a dedicated app. However, this is not a must as the casino’s instant-play platform is performing fantastically on any portable device. True Fortune Casino Games Before dropping the anchor at a certain gaming site, players are interested in the gaming catalog of a casino. It is not a secret that this is what really matters for many casino fans. As we mentioned above, True Fortune Casino’s gaming portfolio is not particularly extensive, but major game genres such as slots, table games, video poker, progressive jackpots, and special games are included in it. The casino’s roster is provided by Betsoft, Saucify, and Rival Gaming. The games are conveniently grouped according to their genre and a sophisticated filtering system is at hand to facilitate players’ search. In case you have a particular title in mind, you can use the search box tool and find the game you wish to play without any hassle. What is more, the games are available also in a demo mode. What grasped our attention is that the casino offers further information about each game. You just need to hover the cursor of the mouse over the game you wish to play and you will see the Details button. Slots Players who enthuse over spinning the reels will be happy to find that True Fortune Casino offers more than 250 titles of different slots. This category makes up for the majority of the games included in the casino’s lobby. Casino mavens who prefer to play the classic 3-reel slots will find over 30 titles such as Win Sanity, Hot Hand, Dr. Acula, Almighty Dollar, Midas Touch, Diamond Dazzle, etc. There are almost 100 video slots. Some of the names you will come across include Wrath of Medusa, Treasure of the Nile, Fruit Splash, Jack Frost, Lucky Labyrinth, Party Parrot, and others. The slots included in the casino’s selection come with various features such as bonus rounds, multipliers, free spins, various symbols, different number of paylines, etc. In that way, the casino operator ensures your gaming session could easily have a happy end. On top of that, the games have engaging storylines that will provoke the interest even of the most capricious casino devotees. Despite its narrow gaming library, the interactive casino included the latest development when it comes to these types of games, and namely i-slots. Table Games Currently, the selection of table games consists of just 14 titles. Needless to say, it cannot please the needs of aspiring casino mavens who are more inclined to play this genre. However, if you are tired of playing slots and you are looking for ways to diversify your gaming experience, the table games included in the casino’s catalog will do the job. Roulette and blackjack titles occupy most of the space in this category. Some of the titles you will come across include American Blackjack, Multi-Hand Blackjack, American Roulette, European Roulette, and others. The casino throws in a few other interesting titles such as Pai Gow Poker, Ride’m Poker, Red Dog, and Card Clash. The classic variations of craps and baccarat are also on offer at True Fortune Casino. Video Poker Video poker is another game genre that is included in the casino’s portfolio. We must admit that there is no proliferation of titles in this category, but you will be able to play some of the most popular variations of the game, and more precisely Aces & Faces, Deuces Wild, Joker Poker, Double Joker, Deuces and Joker, Tens or Better, and Jacks or Better. According to our observations, a growing number of casino enthusiasts have started to pay attention to video poker and that is for a reason. This game allows players to use their knowledge and skills to tip the scales in their favor. Jackpot Games Some substantial top prizes are up for grabs at True Fortune Casino. At the moment of writing this review, there are only 5 titles included in this category, and namely Jackpot Five Times Wins, Money Magic, Strike Gold, Major Moolah, and One Million Reels BC. Every spin of the reels can trigger the progressive jackpot and boost your bank account. All of these titles are courtesy of Rival Gaming. To play for the top prize, players need to bet the maximum. It is only Money Magic that features 5 reels and 9 paylines. The other titles included in this category have 3 reels. One Million BC has 5 paylines, while Major Moolah and Strike Gold have only 1 payline. As for Jackpot Five Times Wins feature 3 paylines. Special Games Other games on offer that are meant to spice up your gaming experience at True Fortune Casino are included in the Special Games category. Casino enthusiasts will be delighted with some keno and bingo games, as well as scratch cards. You will find 15 titles listed in this category, including European Bingo, American Bingo, Cast for Cash, Cavalier Cash, Penguin Payday, Vegas Jackpot Keno, Sudoku Box Game, etc. Licensing and Regulations When looking for a virtual casino, players want to be sure that they will get a fair deal. For that purpose, we thoroughly checked True Fortune Casino’s Terms & Conditions and we found no sneaky catches and everything seemed to be in accordance with the industry’s standards. We would like to point out that the casino operates under a license issued by the Curacao eGaming Authority. Casino enthusiasts are also provided with the number of the license, so that they can undertake extra research if they wish to. Unfortunately, we could not find information regarding the owner of the casino. It is important to mention that players from certain jurisdictions such as the Netherlands, Russia, Hungary, etc. are not allowed to set up an account at the casino. As an interactive casino that abides by the law, the site offers a responsible gaming section to help players tackle the addictive nature of gambling. True Fortune Casino offers vulnerable players the option to exclude themselves for a certain period or to set limits on the deposit amounts. In the relevant section, casino mavens are also provided with links to proven organizations that can assist them to overcome this problem. What is more, the casino operator is dedicated to preventing minors under the age of 18 from participating in gambling activities offered at its site. Last but not least, True Fortune Casino employs a 128-bit SSL encryption system to protect its users’ vulnerable information. >>Grab Free Bonus Here<< True Fortune Casino Customer Support True Fortune Casino offers three communication options to suit the preferences of all customers. The customer support department can be reached via Live Chat, email, or over the phone. Players are free to contact the casino representatives whenever they need to as the agents are available around-the-clock. The great news for all French and Spanish speakers is that the casino offers special telephone lines for them. Players from Spain can dial (+34) 91 290 1420 and the number for French casino mavens is (+33) (0)1 789 00368. All other players can reach the casino representatives by dialing (+1) 718 732 0154. You can also make use of the Live Chat facility that is located in the upper right corner. Once you click on it, you can type your message and an agent will respond to you in no time. We tested the Live Chat option and we must say that it left us with a good impression. The third option is to send an email to the customer support department at support@true-fortune.com. We recommend this option only if your inquiries are not urgent and you do not mind waiting for a response that will come within a couple of hours. For financial issues, players are advised to get in touch with the casino’s financial department by sending an email at documents@true-fortune.com. There is also a useful FAQ page that provides information about some important topics such as promotions, banking, technical questions, and others. We would advise you to take a look at it as it might have the answers to your questions. A link to the FAQ page is to be found at the bottom of the website. Conclusion All things considered, True Fortune is not the best virtual casino you will come across in terms of gaming selection and payment options. The gaming products at the casino are indeed of high-quality in terms of graphics, but the assortment of games is scarce. What is more, the pending time is way too long, which makes cashouts even slower. In addition to that, the minimum withdrawal amount is higher than many other competitive gaming sites. Another disadvantage of the casino is that there is a 3% tax on all deposits. On the bright side, the casino platform is available in several languages and it accepts payments in different currencies. On top of that, the operator employs a friendly and professional customer support department that can be reached via different channels. Furthermore, the casino has a user-friendly interface. We were pleasantly surprised by the casino’s well-arranged gaming portfolio. We cannot miss the opportunity to note that the games at True Fortune Casino are available in a demo mode. This option is quite handy for new members of the casino who would like to get acquainted with the casino’s gaming portfolio before placing real money bets. >>Grab Free Bonus Here<< submitted byfreespinsgratis_comtou/freespinsgratis_com [link][comments]

2021.11.14 16:50 drewby43210Almost Everything to Know About Aterian $ATER

TL;DR - I like the stock Below is a dump of research I’ve done on Aterian. There may be errors, omissions or misunderstandings on my part. I linked to original source material wherever possible. I’ve been following this company since December 2020. I do have positions in the stock which I often increase or decrease based on many factors. I’m a so-called bag holder. I’m not a financial expert and below is a layman’s analysis of the financial statements and performance of Aterian. This is not financial advice or recommendations to buy or sell a stock. https://preview.redd.it/7955mmqyfkz71.png?width=2428&format=png&auto=webp&s=aa9da932d4b38c46f9106645d6113f3da90520a1 Source: Form 10-K for 2020 Aterian is a Consumer Packaged Goods company powered by technology to design, develop, market and sell products. The premise is that if a company selling consumer packaged goods was founded today, it would apply the latest technology to rapidly identify and serve consumer demands via modern online marketplaces such as Amazon and Walmart. The company was incorporated as Mohawk (MWK) in March 2018. The company changed its name to Aterian (ATER) in April 2021. As of December, 2020, the company has multiple operating subsidiaries located in the United States, Canada, Ireland and China and conduct various aspects of their business in a number of other geographic locations including Philippines, Israel, Poland, France and Ukraine. Aterian uses technology to collect and analyze data from a variety of sources to determine product enchantments, new products, and manage its supply chain efficiently. The company used the technology to launch and improve hundreds of its own products under its own incubated brands. More recently it used its technology to identify high value acquisition targets. The company has fourteen brands as of November 2021: Source: http://www.aterian.io/brands Squatty Potty – Health & Wellness – “The #1 way to #2. Rediscover how enjoyable pooping can be” hOmeLabs – Home Appliances – “The internet’s #1 humidifier and its family of top-grade appliances” Spiralizer – Kitchen Appliances - “Spinning vegetables into the healthy noodles you know and love” Mueller Austria – Home Appliances – “Happiness is homemade with this Austrian kitchen gear” RIF6 – Consumer Electronics – “Work hard and play harder with versatile electronics for music, gaming, exercise, and the office” Truweo – Health & Wellness – “Lighten your load with everyday posture support products” Aussie Health Co – Health & Wellness – “Trusted and complete solutions for natural cleanse” Vremi – Home & Kitchen Appliances – “Approachable and fun home goods to make your house a haven” Healing Solutions – Essential Oils – “Premium essential oils with countless uses around the home” Pursteam – Home Appliances – “Luxury-grade steamers for an uncompromising clean” Xtava – Beauty Products – “Hair goals: achieved with styling tools that customers are raving about” Pohl+Schmitt – Home Appliances – “Swiss-influenced home appliances marrying quality and style” Photo Paper Direct – Printing Supplies – “Print your photos, images and designs with professional quality results, right from your own home Holonix – Health products - Hand sanitizer and reusable face masks Aterian operates in a massive ecosystem of digital-native online retailers enabled by marketplaces such as Amazon, Walmart and Shopify. Estimates of the number of third-party merchants on Amazon range from 5 million to 10 million. According to data in the 2020 10k, the global e-commerce market is forecasted to grow to approximately $6.4 trillion in 2024, up from $3.4 trillion in 2019. E-commerce will grow as a percentage of retail sales from 13.6% to 21.8% in that period. Aterian believes the endless choices of products in online marketplaces is shifting consumer behavior. Instead of searching for a popular brand, consumers are now searching for a type of product and then relying on rankings and reviews in online marketplaces to choose which product to buy. This can be an opportunity for sellers who can identify the products and product features that are searched by customers Most recently, there has been a significant wave of roll-ups within the third-party seller ecosystem. Thrasio is a startup focused on a roll-up strategy and just raise $1 billion in a funding round, valuing the company at $10 billion. In this Forbes article, Richard Kestenbaum talks about the rapid roll-up of third-party sellers and the risks that may be looming. Forbes article on Amazon Third-Party seller roll-up One key metric in Kestenbaum’s article is that these aggregators are buying third-party sellers at an impressively low 2x of EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization). With competition, the multiple is moving slowly higher. However, at 2.7x-2.8x, the deals are much lower than the typical 6x EBITDA for consumer-related businesses. This roll-up opportunity is critical to understanding Aterian and to form an outlook for the company’s growth. Don’t think of Aterian as a consumer-electronics company or a health and wellness product company. Aterian is a technology-driven aggregator of third-party sellers on Amazon and Walmart. This is why one should watch closely at the EBITDA of acquisitions and the EBITDA of the business. And also consider how Aterian improves Contribution Margin of the brands it acquires. There are two important pieces of technology that Aterian develops in support of their business. AIMEE is the proprietary technology that enables the automation central to Aterian’s product management, marketing, and sales. More recently, the company announced the beta of DealMojo. This is an affiliate marketing platform born out of Aterian’s affiliate network and now being made available to third party brands. Both technologies are offered as cloud-based Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) products. AIMEE is made of three modules that operate with a mix of automation and human interaction: Market Research - Collects and analyzes millions of shopping-related data points to identify product opportunities, drive specifications, and understand customer sentiment and product trends. Financial Planning & Analysis - Perform product cash flow projections at the individual product level to provide visibility into the product pipeline. Automated Marketing Strategy Execution - Executes algorithmic online trading strategies to optimize product sales and contribution margin. The platform utilizes Big Data and Artificial Intelligence technology to optimize decision making and integrates with online marketplaces via Application Program Interfaces (APIs) to automate execution. By utilizing the AIMEE platform, the company is able to drive down fixed costs and improve contribution margins for its products. This improvement to contribution marking is a key part of their M&A strategy. For a demo of AIMEE in action, check out this interview with CEO Yaniv Sarig: The Future of E- commerce ,Interview with Yaniv Sarig , CEO&Founder Aterian ($ATER) previously $MWK Less is known about the DealMojo platform. Aterian announced the Beta launch of the platform on October 1st, 2021. The DealMojo platform allows Amazon sellers to connect directly with publishers, influencers and other affiliate marketers. Aterian used the platform to drive their own affiliate program and claims an aggregate monthly traffic volume of 300 million visitors. That number could grow substantially. Last year, Amazon cut commission rates in its own Affiliate program (example is furniture rates cut from 8% to 3%). Aterian’s own affiliate program pays from 14-19% according to the short list of products here (click the Product Specific link in the right column). The DealMojo platform is now open in beta to third party sellers. Research & Development spend at Aterian increased throughout 2021 with spend in Q3 growing by nearly 50% over the same period in 2020. Aterian seems to be investing in these two platforms to further enhance its business. There has been a lot of attention on global supply chain issues in this calendar year. After a container ship blocked the Suez Canal in March, shipping container costs sky rocketed and the shipping industry can’t seem to catch up. On top of the shipping issues, there have been global supply issues for everything from microchips to raw materials. Consumers are reporting delays of months before receiving appliances ordered from retailers. During the summer of this year, average, shipping container costs from China to the US West Coast were as high as $20,000. That’s up from $4,000 the previous year. Those costs have come down with the low-end of the price range dipping below $10,000 in recent weeks. https://preview.redd.it/9vuq9ag84kz71.jpg?width=1618&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=acf68bb59c2cb77c291ba539599311b5222d30f2 https://preview.redd.it/c992gag84kz71.jpg?width=1618&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=ccc579171fb129281ccaccefdb423521a34638b9 The shipping costs were challenging for Aterian. It required them to raise prices to offset costs. The increased costs and raised prices impacted sales volumes and margins. The global shipping crisis eventually caused a restructuring of debt agreements with Aterian’s primary lender. During their Q2 earnings call, Aterian announced a breach of their adjusted EBITDA covenant with lender High Trail. Later in Q3, High Trail declared events of default requiring Aterian to pay the debt amount in shares of the Company’s common stock. During the Q3 earnings call, Aterian’s CEO Yaniv Sarig, updated investors on the shipping crisis. The logistics team at Aterian secured competitive rates with various partners including Amazon, Flexport, and XPO. The agreements cover 50% of projected revenue for the next 12 months bringing more stability in costs and a reduction in supply chain disruptions. One of the key value props of AIMEE is to optimize marketing and reduce fixed costs. AIMEE enables Aterian to acquire brands and then operate those businesses with higher efficiency. When Aterian acquires brands, it only takes the IP and does not acquire the employees. It operates the brands with minimal incremental headcount by automation in AIMEE. In its most recent earnings call, Aterian stated revenue per employee of $1 million for the trailing twelve months. LinkedIn reports 143 employees, but not all employees have a profile on the site. According to Glassdoor.com, employees rate the company a 4.0 out of 5.0 scale. Employees seem to enjoy a diverse, global culture and the ability to work with cutting edge technologies. On the other hand, some employees recognize the stress of a fast passed, high pressure environment. A small number of reviews on the site mention a difficult or “toxic” environment. Benefits mentioned by reviewers include flexible work hours, competitive pay, and the opportunity to learn. The following information is summarized from http://glassdoor.com, http://linkedin.com and http://aterian.io. 55% of reviews on Glassdoor approve of the CEO, Yaniv Sarig. It’s not a high number, but recognize it is a low sample size (16 reviews). At that number, employees either spent the effort to submit reviews because they are emphatically excited or completely frustrated with the company. Here are some of the key leadership positions related to topics in this paper. Yaniv Sarig has been the CEO of Aterian since co-founding the company in 2014. Before starting Mohawk (now Aterian), Mr. Sarig was the lead engineer for Financial Services at Coverity. Prior to Coverity, Mr. Sarig held various software engineering roles. It’s notable that Yaniv Sarig’s background is in technology, not in consumer packed goods. Arturo Rodriguez is the Chief Financial Office of Aterian. Mr. Rodriguez worked as a Financial Controller since 2017 before being promoted to CFO in 2021. Before Aterian, Mr. Rodriguez held various finance positions at companies such as Piksel and Atari. Michal Chaouat-Fix has been the Chief Product Office since September 2018. Prior to this role, she served as the Chief Operating Officer since 2014. Prior to Aterian, Ms. Chaouat-Fix worked in strategic roles at Gottex Models Ltd. Pramod K C is the current Chief Operating Officer. Prior to taking the role in June 2020, Mr. K C held key supply chain executive positions for various product companies, based in Asia. Sascha Lewis joined Aterian in January 2021 as the Chief Marketing Office. According to his LinkedIn profile, Sascha has multiple experiences building brands as a co-founder of several companies. Roi Zahut is the Chief Technology Officer. Before joining Aterian in 2019, Mr. Zahut was a CTO for advanced analytics at IBM. There are two co-founders who are no longer actively managing the company, but come up in various releases due to their ownership positions. Maximus Yaney describes himself as a serial-entrepreneur. He stayed with Mohawk until June 2018. In addition to co-founding Mohawk, he launched Titan which eventually sold to Google. More recently he co-founded a company called Kangaroo. He is notable both for his technical background and how it likely contributed to Mohawk. He is also mentioned in the now infamous Culper short-report. Asher Delug is also a co-founder of Mohawk. He left the company in August 2019 and is now on the Board of Directors of SpinLaunch. Mr. Delug’s expertise seems to be in Mobile Advertising / Marketing. Acquisition of Mueller, Pursteam, Pohl+Schmitt, and Spiralizer on December 1, 2020 Trailing twelve month revenue of $77.5 million and operating income of $13.1 million. Paid $25 million in cash and issued 4,220,000 (at $7.78) shares of common stock. Payment is 4x trailing operating income. Additional payouts based on performance. Acquisition of Healing Solutions on February 2, 2021 Trailing twelve month revenues of $65.2 million and operating income of $12.7 million. $15.3 million in cash and 1,387,759 shares (at $24.01). Additional shares paid to leaders for consulting. Payment is 5x trailing operating income. Additional consulting payouts agreed. Acquisition of Squatty Potty and Photo Paper Direct on May 6, 2021 Squatty Potty - Trailing twelve month revenues of $16.8 million and operating income of $4.7 million. Paid $19.0 million in cash reflecting 4x of trailing operating income. Photo Paper Direct - Trailing twelve month revenues of $14.6 million and operating income of $3.9 million. Paid $8.28 million in cash and issued 704,500 shares (at $15.72) of Aterian Stock. 4.7x of trailing twelve month operating income. Acquisition summary: Acquisition Revenues Income Cash Paid Stock Paid Multiple Mueller, etc $77.5 million $13.1 million $25 million 4,220,000 4x Healing Solutions $65.2 million $12.7 million $15.3 million 1,387,759 5x Squatty Potty $16.8 million $4.6 million $19 million - 4x Photo Paper Direct $14.6 million $3.9 million $8.28 million 704,500 4.7x Total $173.5 million $34.4 million $67.58 million 6,312,259 4.4x average Let’s look at a few GAAP and non-GAAP performance numbers over the past four quarters. In 1000s ‘20 Q4 ‘21 Q1 ‘21 Q2 ‘21 Q3 NET REVENUES (YoY %) $41,492 (61.86%) $48,136 (87.83%) $68,188 (14.04%) $68.121 (15.89%) COST OF GOODS SOLD $22,740 $22,073 $35,445 $33,946 GROSS PROFIT (YoY %) $18,752 (106.47%) $26,063 (153.09%) $32,743 (18.63%) $34,175 (21.64%) NET LOSS -$44,396 -$82,553 -$36,306 -$110,535 Net Loss Per Share -$2.59 -$3.15 -$1.22 -$3.12 Contribution Margin $4,632 $6,134 $5,661 $8,232 Contribution Margin % of Revenue 11.16% 12.74% 8.30% 12.08% EBITDA -$42,029 -$76,929 -$29,909 -$105,877 Adjusted EBITDA $455 -$1,260 -$3,739 $728 The first thing you’ll notice is the year-over-year growth of Revenues and Gross Profit. For 2021 Q3, Revenues increased 15.9% while Gross Profit increased 21.6% compared to the same quarter period in 2020. Gross Margins of 50.2% for Q3 compare to 47.8% the previous year. Average gross margins for consumer product companies seems to be around 25%. So Gross Profit increased steadily throughout the year. However, Operating Expenses also increased. Sales and Distribution expense was up 70.7% over the previous year. This was largely due to increase sales and marketing as well as the increase in last mile shipping costs. The largest item driving the net loss in the last two quarters was extinguishment of debt which included $106,991,000 in Q3. You can see the impact to EBITDA in Q3, but also see that once removed, the Adjusted EBITDA is positive. Now lets take a look at a few line items in the balance sheet. In $1,000 ’20 Q4 ’21 Q1 ’21 Q2 ’21 Q3 Cash $26,718 $34,995 $61,934 $37,470 Accounts Receivable $5,747 $7,192 $16,263 $9,292 Inventory $31,582 $55,026 $75,514 $71,273 Credit Facility $12,190 $14,319 $0 $0 Term Loan $21,600 $21,600 $72,791 $0 Accounts Payable $14,856 $26,475 $39,455 $26,640 Stakeholder’s Equity $23,382 $38,465 $175,777 $212,655 Shares Outstanding 27,074,791 27,074,091 35,734,767 50,059,660 The thing that sticks out the most in the balance sheet is the evolution of Aterian’s Credit facility and Term loan. We’ll explore that more in the next section. In Q4 20 to Q2 of 21 you can see how the Term loan ballooned as it was used to fund acquisitions but also refinanced other credit (Credit Facility goes to $0 as Term Loan tops out at $72 million). Finally in Q3 21 Aterian paid down the Term loan to $0 by issuing additional shares. The downside for shareholders in the past year is that Shares Outstanding grew from 27 million to 50 million (50 million is average for Q3, 54 million is actual shares registered as of writing). The upside is that the company grew via acquisitions and has a strong cash position with little debt. Shares have been diluted by 50% (number of shares doubled) in the past two quarters, but shareholder equity has gone up by 453% mainly because of the elimination of debt. Aterian uses a combination of debt and equity capital raises to fund acquisitions. The company has had revolving credit with MidCap Funding IV Trust as early as November 23, 2018. The company also had a Term Loan with Horizon in December 2018. Both of these facilities were eventually closed via a Term Loan from High Trail. The term loan with High Trail has been renegotiated several times. The loan was originally secured in December 1, 2020 in conjunction with the brand acquisitions including Mueller, etc. It included a $38 cash payment in exchange for $43.0 principal amount to be paid in 24 equal payments. The agreement also included warrants for 2,864,133 common shares at an exercise price of $9.01. The warrants were exercisable by June 1, 2021 or if the stock price exceeded 200% of the exercise price for more than 20 consecutive days. It met the second criteria in early 2021. In February 2021, Aterian and High Trail renegotiated the December Note and Warrants. High Trail immediately exercised 980,000 of the Warrants for $8.8 million. It canceled the remaining warrants in exchange for $17 million and a new warrant to purchase 1,884,133 with no exercise rules. On April 8, 2021, Aterian refinanced all existing debt with High Trail and Midcap. Aterian issued to High Trail a private placement senior secured promissory notes for $110 million at an interest rate of 8% per annum and maturity date of April 8, 2024. The deal included warrants to purchase up to 2,259,166 shares of common stock. The new note paid $57.7 cash to Aterian and closed the December 2020 and February 2021 Notes. Part of the cash was used to distinguish debt. The new Notes came with a convenient requiring Aterian to keep up certain business metrics related to liquidity and Adjusted EBITDA performance. As of June 30, 2021, the company breached its Adjusted EBITDA covenant with High Trail but received a waiver from the lender in exchange for a partial repayment. The commitment was for adjusted EBITDA of $12 million for 12 month period ending June 30, 2021. On August 9, 2021, High Trail declared an event of default under the April 2021 Notes. The default required an accelerated repayment of $21.5 million of the loan, in cash ($10.1 million) and stock ($11.7 million, 2,841,251 shares). It also increased the minimum cash threshold from $15 million to $30 million through October 31, 2021 And it required Aterian to maintain a $65 million liquidity measure. Consent would also be required by High Trail for any merger and acquisition activity. Finally, it modified the exercise price of outstanding warrants to price of stock on August 9. On September 22, 2021, restructured once again the Term Loan with High Trail. Company issued 3,474,814 shares of common stock on 9/22 and 5,838,096 on 9/23 to extinguish most of the April 2021 Notes. The Maturity date for the remainder of the April 2021 Notes was pulled forward from April 8, 2024 to April 1, 2023. The new terms included exceptions for certain acquisition investments, a new targeted EBITDA and the liquidity requirements removed. In total, there was a $107 million extinguishment of debt. On October 21, 2021 High Trail exercised all raining for an aggregate of 3,479,097 shares of common stock. From December 1, 2020, here are many (but not all) of the shares issued and the purpose of each: Date Shares Purpose 12/1/20 4,220,000 Mueller, etc acquisition 2/2/21 2,196,429 Healing Solutions acquisition, inventory and earn outs 2/8/21 980,000 High Trail exercises warrants 5/6/21 704,500 Photo Paper Direct acquisition 6/10/21 2,666,667 Private placement to raise $36.7 million 8/9/21 2,841,251 Issues shares to High Trail to pay debt 10/21/21 3,479,097 High Trail exercises warrants As of November 2021, Nasdaq reports 54 million shares outstanding with 20.6% institutional ownership. The top 3 institutional owners are: ​ Backrock Inc. 1,547,874 Vanguard Group 1,027,566 Hudson Bay Capital 881,280 Insiders are listed below, totaling approximately 10% of shares outstanding. 9830 MacArthur, LLC 3,246,701 Sarig Yaniv Zion 559,379 Chaouat-Fix Mihal 390,655 Pascal Tomer 305,569 Rodriguez Arturo 269,759 Risico Joseph 269,368 Zahut Roi Zion 248,560 Kurtz William 61,548 Peterson Greg 58,355 Harlan Bari A 45,672 Von Walter Amy 44,418 Total Insiders 5,499,984 Nasdaq.com listed short interest at 8,110,987 shares (43.96% of float) on October 15 and 5,625,333 shares (23.86% of float) on October 29. Short interest as a percent of average daily volume topped out in July at 7.44 days to cover. Fintel.io reports a daily short volume ratio of 45% of total volume on average for ten trading days in the month of November. https://preview.redd.it/izyle5sbekz71.jpg?width=1295&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=50616d454791d2ce910e02c5d58d2e650e6c6da5 In October, Aterian CEO Yaniv Sarig announced an investigation into naked short selling of Aterian shares. The preliminary data showed that around 7 million of shares had been sold short without borrow as of October 15. In fact, failure-to-deliver data from Fintel.io shows 100,000s a day of shares sold short without borrow in September and October. The failure-to-deliver shares top out at 830,554 on October 1st. The top 3 investors with short positions are: Susquehanna International Group 457,900 (Put) Cutler Group 369,100 (Put) PEAK6 Investments 252,200 (Put) Current Price : 6.52 Market Cap: $312,235,000 TTM Revenues: $225,937,000 Current Price/Sales: 1.38x There are five analyst price targets with a high of 15, a low of 8, and a mean of 12.40. Source is TIKR.com P/S at the high analyst P/T would be 3.18x. Two publicly traded CPG competitors to look at are Newell Brands (NWL) and Helen of Troy (HELE). Newell Brands trades at 1.5x TTM sales while Helen of Troy trades at 3.05x. The big dog, Amazon trades at 3.52x TTM sales. Aterian withdrew guidance while dealing with the shipping crisis. Before the crisis began, the most recent guidance was for $360 to $390 million in yearly revenues, considering the most recent acquisitions. If all things return to normal, the current P/S of 1.38x would mean a target price of 10.36 if those revenues return. In addition, to a return to normal, that could mean M&A activity could return. When the M&A strategy paused, Aterian was looking at a pipeline of targets adding up to $614 million in trailing twelve month revenues. Given the improving situation for shipping costs thanks to quick action by Aterian logistics personal and the overall healthy balance sheet for the company, it’s easy to see why some believe the stock is very undervalued at this point. You should make your own determination. submitted bydrewby43210tou/drewby43210 [link][comments]

2021.11.12 19:33 WuqueStudio[GB] Ikki68 Aurora R2 - GB starts + Taeha Types Build Streaming Today!

Hi Everyone!
We are glad to announce that Aurora R2 GB just open across most vendors.
Ikki68 Aurora is an affordable, injection molded, polycarbonate case, gasket-mount keyboard kit from Wuque Studio, we successfully ran Aurora R1 this March, and now we finally come to you again with new colorway and more advanced features.

Aurora R2 Regular Kits GB Page

• Aurora Snow
• Aurora Fog
• Aurora Blue
• Aurora Pink
• Aurora Clear

Aurora x Winter Breath Collab GB page(Limited to 1000 Globally)

Aurora x Zen Pond Collab GB page(Limited to 1000 Globally)

PCBs, Plates, Alu Top cases, Aurora Switches, Aurora Stabs Pages

Aurora R2 Highlights:

• Multiple layouts design as R1, its PCBs supports various kinds of splits as many as you need.
• Aurora R2 has been tweaked to offer a bouncier typing experience with more flex. The new default 1.2mm PCB paired with new default PC plate with flex cuts will offer a slightly different typing experience. All the R2 parts are compatible with R1.
• Variable gasket mount structure. Remove some or all of the gasket chips to change from firm to bouncy. Both Silicone and Poron gaskets are included to fine tune the experience even further!
• Bluetooth and VIA supported wireless Version! Its Default PCB (06 Iceland) supports all the splits except for split spacebars.
• Default Silicone dampener kits and add-on PORON dampener kit can provide different typing feel and sound, so you can test and choose the one you like most.
• The badges are hot-swappable, meaning you can change them without taking apart the case!
• Replaceable Logo Chips! The little cutout above the right Arrow Key has LEDs underneath. You can cut your own design onto a piece of thick paper and put over the hole to see the light shine through.

R2 PCB/Plate Sound Tests/Flex Test

Shoobs

• Aurora R2 Sound Test 1 (R2 pcb, R2 PC plate, thin factory lubed WS switch Aurora Clear, poron foams, bottom silicone )
  
• Aurora R2 Sound Test 2 (R2 pcb, R2 PC plate, WS switches, poron foam,no bottom silicone)
  
• Aurora R2 Flex Test (R2 pcb, R2 PC plate, no bottom silicone)
  

A Glance of GB, Pre-order, In-stock sales.

Categories	Items	ETA to Vendors/Customers
Group Buy	Aurora R2 Regular Kits, Aurora x Winter Breath, Aurora x Zen Pond	April 2022
Limited In-stock Sale	WS Stabs (1.2mm) Aurora Clear, Aurora Fog	Days after placing orders from available vendors
Pre-order	WS Stabs (1.2 and 1.6) and WS Switches	January 2022

Aurora R2 Colorways & GB Price Summary

Aurora R2 Colorways	GB Price
Aurora Snow (Alu Top case, PC bottom case, Wired)	$169
Aurora Fog/Blue/Pink/Clear (PC Top and Bottom case, Wired)	$135
Aurora Snow (Alu Top case, PC bottom case, Bluetooth)	$189
Aurora Fog/Blue/Pink/Clear (PC Top and Bottom case, Bluetooth)	$159
Aurora x Winter Breath (PC Top and Bottom case,Wired)	$165
Aurora x Zen Pond (Alu Top case, PC bottom case, Wired)	$189

Note: Price maybe slightly different among vendors due to different duty/tax rates.

Group Buy/ In-stock Sale/Pre-Order Time

November 12th, 2021 - November 26th, 2021

Vendors

Aurora Regular Kit (Soft limit)	Aurora x Winter Breath (Limit to 1000)	Aurora x Zen Pond (Limit to 1000)
US: CannonKeys	US: CannonKeys	US: CannonKeys
Canada: Mech.land	Canada: Mech.land	Canada: Mech.land
Mexico: rheset	N/A	N/A
Oceania: Daily Clack	Oceania: Daily Clack	Oceania: Daily Clack
Middle EU: Mykeyboard	Middle EU: Candykeys	Middle EU: Mykeyboard
West EU: Eloquentclicks	N/A	N/A
UK: Proto[Typist]	UK: Proto[Typist]	UK: Proto[Typist]
Ukraine: Funkeys	N/A	N/A
N/A	China: Wuque Studio	China: Wuque Studio
Japan: Yushakobo	N/A	Japan: Yushakobo
South Korea: Monstargear	South Korea:Monstargear	South Korea: Monstargear
Singapore: Ilumkb	Singapore: Ilumkb	Singapore: Ilumkb
Philippines: Zion Studios	Philippines: Zion Studios	N/A
Malaysia: Rebult Keyboards	N/A	N/A
Taiwan: Inpad	Taiwan: Inpad	Taiwan: Inpad
Thailand: Gamingplanet	N/A	N/A
India: StacksKB	N/A	N/A
Indonesia: MKID	N/A	N/A
Vietnam:Taobaosop	N/A	N/A
Rest of Asia: zFrontier	N/A	N/A
Rest of the world: Wuque Studio	Rest of the world: Wuque Studio	Rest of the world: Wuque Studio

Streaming today

• Taeha Types（1pm PST, Nov 12th）

For the streaming: Aurora Snow, WS switches Aurora clear, Blue, WS stabs, Poron Dampeners Kit and others including wireless PCB 06 for Bluetooth and VIA.
You can find more about it from Ikki68 Aurora Information page, we highly recommend joining the Wuque Studio discord to stay up-to-date with Ikki68 Aurora R2.
You can also check our previous IC update post for more details information on what’s new or improved from R1 to R2 below:

• Ikki68 Aurora R2 IC post 2
  
• Ikki68 Aurora R2 IC post 3
  

Please feel free to ask questions here too!
submitted byWuqueStudiotomechmarket [link][comments]

2021.11.12 17:28 Steve_P_OnlineTop cybersecurity stories for the week of 11-08-21 to 11-12-21

submitted bySteve_P_Onlinetocybersecurity [link][comments]

2021.11.11 11:47 khaledbiWise.com Review 2021 ( the cheapest way to transfer money internationally)

You live abroad and one of the things that worries you most is economic problems such as: How to make international bank transfers? Which bank account to open? Wise is one of the best options on the market that answers both questions.
Wise processes global bank transfers without hidden fees, exchange rate differences, or last-minute surprises. And you can even have real bank accounts with them in several countries for different currencies.
Here, we show you exactly how to get the most out of Wise and most importantly, how to start saving on your international bank transfers and have a real SEPA bank account or even a real bank account in the United States. Also, you’re going to learn about the virtual bank’s weaknesses or under which conditions the service might not be the best choice to use for bank transfers. Let’s start with the strengths of Wise:
5 Reasons To Use Wise?
After a couple of months of using Wise to send money abroad, I consider it one of the best ways to make international transfers for the following reasons:

• Transparency: They apply the real and exact exchange rate (mid-market range, the one that appears in Google). You will know exactly how much money you will send and how much money the recipient will receive.
• Speed: The recipient will receive the transfer much faster than with the traditional bank. Transfers within the European Union arrive on the same day. From the first moment, you will know exactly when the person to whom you are sending the money receives it.
• Savings: Only one fair and transparent commission.
• Security: Wise is an officially regulated financial institution in the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world. The overall opinions are excellent overall.
• Comfort: As simple as making a transfer in a few seconds or online purchase with your credit card.

Wise: Making Economic International Transfers
When you wanted to send money from any European Euro account to the United Kingdom (GBP account), banks always apply incorrect exchange rates, so customers lose a lot of money that way… In addition, they are used to apply unfairly hidden commissions.
In the case of Wise, you make a transfer to your euro account, they apply the exact exchange rate for the day and make a transfer from your bank account to the final bank account. Here, instead of one international transfer, there are two transfers in the same currency.
The customer knows transparently and accurately the amount in Euros to be sent and the amount in Pounds to be received. No hidden costs or last-minute surprises.
Transfer Comparison: Wise vs. Banks
Here is an example, a 1000€ transfer from my German bank account (€) to my British bank account (pounds):
(the comparison was made with one of the leading banks in Germany)
As you will appreciate, today it is much more cost-effective to make our international transfers with online platforms such as Wise, at least up to a certain amount.
The key point to saving is not so much in management fees, but rather in the foreign exchange rate, which makes a huge difference. In our example, the amount to save would be 45 €.

In short, the traditional banking system has become obsolete.

How To Make An International TransferStep By Step Guide: Send Money
1. Go to Wiseand register.
2. Enter the quantity to be sent. Choose the currency in which you send the money and the currency in which you receive the money. Then choose the amount you want to send or the amount you want to receive.
When you enter the amount on one side, the other side automatically appears with the estimated official exchange rate of the day. If the actual exchange rate is lower than the estimated, the difference is refunded to your bank account.
3. Fill in the recipient’s bank details. You have two options: the IBAN and the BIC of the recipient (For more information, go to the end of the post) or select the option with which the recipient receives an email from Wise.
In cases where the recipient does not want to give them, he can inform them himself. This is done automatically at the time of the transfer.
4. Make the payment. We have three options to do this:
(Don’t worry, Wise is 100% safe in all three options)
a) By credit card. This is the simplest method, all you have to do is enter your debit or credit card details and make the payment at Wise as you would for online purchase.
Keep your mobile phone handy as banks usually ask for a confirmation code that they send by SMS. The limit for making a card payment is £10.000 in the United Kingdom (0.69% fee applies with business cards) and €2500 for the Euro Zone (1.65% fee with business cards).
b) By bank transfer. You must make a transfer from your bank to the Wise account by entering the code provided in the “reference” or “concept” part of the transfer.
Once the transfer has been made, click on “I have already sent the money to Wise”. As soon as Wise receives the money, you will automatically receive an email indicating the date of execution of the transfer. You will be able to track the status of the transfer online via the Web by entering your reference number.
5. Transfer made! Finally, you and the recipient will receive an email as soon as the transfer is made and the money available on the recipient’s account. This email specifies the following:

• The official exchange rate used (the official rate on the day of conversion)
• The commission charged by Wise (attention, the first one is free!)
• Confirmation that the recipient has been notified by mail
• In this case, the exchange rate was finally lower so we explain that we returned the difference (£2.72) to you on the bank account from which you sent the money. The refund will have the reference indicated.

Now you can see why the comments or opinions on Wise are so positive. It is simply a revolution for the international banking system. It is therefore very easy to know how to use Wise and start saving in commissions.
New: Sending Money to China
Wise recently introduced their new payout option for transfers to China: Now users can payout CNY to AliPay IDs, which is a great step on their path to enable transfers all over the globe.
Wise Prices, Fees and Commissions
Although Wise does not charge any type of administration fees or additional on the exchange rate, as explained above, they do charge a minimal management fee to make the transfer. This fee is round about 0.5% of the transfer amount.
At present, they do not receive a minimum commission of £2 for most destinations in the United Kingdom. This is something that had made small transfers expensive. There are now fixed transfer fees with a percentage commission of up to 50 pence.
So this FinTech service offers a cheap and transparent way to make our bank transfers, finally, we get away from the abusive fees charged by traditional banks. For example, for a transfer of 1000 €, the possibility of having 60 € in bank charges is over.
In fact, the reality is that no exchange office in London or any other city in the United Kingdom have such low rates, so if you are going to live in the United Kingdom for a long time, I advise you to open a British bank account and transfer your money via Wise.
Caution: Large Transfers with Wise
The small transaction fees the transfer service charges makes sense for transfer amounts up to a certain limit. Above that limit, transfers with traditional banks can actually again be cheaper. The limit to which Wise makes sense can easily be calculated:
Let’s say a normal bank transfer would cost you 60€. So what’s the amount of which 60€ would be 0.5%? It’s 12.000€. So you could send 12k with Wise and also pay 60€ for the transfer. With a traditional bank, the 60€ will usually stay the same, no matter if you transfer 1.000€ or 100.000€. With Wise, you still pay 0.5% of 100.000€, which would be 500€. So be aware that larger Transfers are extremely expensive with this FinTech, while smaller transfers are super cheap.
Wise Currencies
Wise can send and receive transfers in the following currencies:

• EUR – Euro – European Union
• GBP – Pound Sterling – United Kingdom
• USD – United States Dollar – United States
• AUD – Australian Dollar – Australia.
• CHF – Swiss Franc – Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
• CAD – Canadian Dollar – Canada.
• PLN – Polish Esloti – Poland.
• SEK – Swedish Krona – Sweden.
• NOK – Norwegian krone – Norway.
• DKK – Danish krone – Denmark.
• HUF – Hungarian forint – Hungary.
• CZK – Czech Koruna – Czech Republic.
• BGN – Lev Bulgare – Bulgaria.
• RON – Romanian leu – Romania.
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand
• SGD – Singapore Dollar – Singapore
• HKR – Croatian Kuna – Croatia
• BRL – Brazilian Real – Brazil
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar
• JPY – Yen – Japan
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and Northern Chipre

Wise can only make domestic transfers in the following currencies:

• INR – Indian Rupee – India
• CLP – Chilean Peso – Chile
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand.
• GEL – Georgian Lari – Georgia
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar – to Hong Kong.
• MYR – Malaysian Ringgit – Malaysia.
• PHP – Philippine Peso – Philippines.
• PKR – Pakistani Rupee – Pakistan.
• MAD – Moroccan Dirham – Morocco
• THB – Thai baht – Thailand
• AED – dirham de EAU – EAU
• UAH – Ukrainian hryvna – Ukraine
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and northern Cyprus
• IDR – Indonesian Rupee – Indonesia
• COP – Colombian Peso – Colombia
• MXN – Mexican Peso – Mexico
• RUB – Russian Ruble – Russia
• KRW – South Korean won – South Korea
• CNY – Chinese Yuan – China
• LKR – Sri Lanka Rupee – Sri Lanka
• BDT – Taka from Bangladesh – Bangladesh
• VND – Vietnamese Dong – Vietnam
• ARS – Argentine Peso – Argentina
• EGP – Egyptian Pound – Egypt
• GHS – Cedi of Ghana – Ghana
• ILS – Israeli Rupee – Israel
• KES – Kenyan Shillings – in Kenya
• NGN – Nigerian Naira – Nigeria
• NPR – Nepal Rupees – Nepal – Nepal
• PEN – New Peruvian Sun – in Peru

For now, here are the accepted currencies, but for more information and updates here, access here.
Excluded Countries:
The following countries are generally excluded from Wise services:
Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Burundi, Congo Republic, Chad, Cuba, Crimea (sub-territory), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Iran, Eritrea, North Korea, Somalia, Sevastopol (city), Republic of South Sudan, Sudan, State of Libya, Syrian Arab Republic, Territories of the United States, Yemen and Venezuela.
Is Wise Safe?
Yes, Wise is very safe. It is a financial entity officially regulated by the economic institutions of the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world.
Wise started as a “Startup” by the creators of Paypal and Skype and is today one of the most important companies in the FinTech world. All this success would not have been possible without the safety of the service. A single mistake followed by a bad comment and, nowadays with the Internet, this opinion will have destroyed the company.
At Wise, they know their strengths: price and security, which is why they take it very seriously. And, of course, they are authorized by the FCA (Financial Conduct Authority) in the United Kingdom under the Electronic Money Regulations 2011, with Firm Reference 900507.
Another plus, its customer service is excellent. Available 24 hours a day and in French, so if a problem occurs, it is solved instantly.
Finally, note that you will have written confirmation of the transfer from the beginning with detailed information (the amount sent, the sender and the recipient, the exchange rate applied, the amount to be received in the other currency, etc.)
In short, when asked if Wise is safe, the answer is yes, and the security is equal to or better than any other financial institution.
How Long Does It Take To Receive The Money?
Sending money with Wise is much faster than conventional bank transfers. Transfers usually take no more than two days and arrive on the same day (a few hours). It all depends on the payment method you use (bank transfer or credit card)
That being said, from the beginning, you will know exactly when the recipient will receive your money.
Request A Transfer With Wise
Sometimes we need a transfer from France (bank account in Euros) to our British bank account. For example, when your parents send you money while you are studying in Liverpool.
That’s why the “Request Money” option is very useful. You put the amount you are asking for, the concept of payment (university fees, for example), and the account where you want to receive the money.
And here you are, now you get a link that you will share with the other person by email and when you click on it, you will be able to pay online, in your local currency, with your credit card (as if you were buying online). How could it not have been invented before!

• On Wise, click on “Request money”
• Select the amount and bank account
• Send the link to the other person (below what they will see)

IBAN / BIC
The IBAN and BIC are the contact details that allow you to identify your international accounts, so that each country, even if it has a different format of account number, serves to homogenize these details.

• The BIC (Bank Identifier Code) or SWIFT is the code of your bank. Each bank has its own code to be identified. The bank and the country of its headquarters are identified in its eleven alphanumeric digits. For example, for a ING account in Amsterdam, this would be: INGBNL2AXXX
• The IBAN is the international bank account code. It is just an alphanumeric sequence that allows us to identify someone’s bank account in a financial institution. For example, if your account is in the Netherlands, it will be something with NL at the beginning: NL12 3456 6789 10 1231314113.

You can calculate your BIC and IBAN, for example at: https://www.iban.com/calculate-iban
Wise In The United Kingdom (UK)
And yes, Wise is available in the United Kingdom, where it has established itself in recent years as one of the most cost-effective ways to send money abroad, especially when exchanging euros for sterling.
In the United Kingdom, all bank accounts with an IBAN starting with GB are included, as well as those starting with GI and belonging to Gibraltar. Remember that the Channel Islands are also included without any restrictions.
When we use Wise in England and the United Kingdom, the vast majority of shipments are made on the same business day until 5 pm, but it may take up to two business days for exceptional reasons.
Remember that in the UK, bank accounts are 22 characters long and consist of letters and numbers. The account number is only eight digits long.
Wise In France – How To Make An International Transfer
Without a doubt, France has become one of Wise’s main markets where, since its creation, Wise has become the most economical method for making international transfers with currency changes.
In France, all bank accounts whose IBAN begins with FR are included, therefore accounts residing overseas are included.
When you use Wise in France, most shipments are made on the same day (business day) if they are made before 5 pm but may be delayed up to 2 business days for special reasons.
Remember that in France bank accounts have 11 numeric characters.
First Free Bank Transfer With Wise?
No, you will pay a small commission that you will know transparently and accurately from the first moment.
It is true that a few years ago, Wise launched an advertising campaign offering their service or the first transfer was free. Now, since they have managed to lower the prices even further: we only pay a small amount.
In order to achieve such a competitive price, it was necessary to do without promotions such as the first free transfer.
It should not be forgotten that today, Wise remains the cheapest method of sending money abroad, and whose cost is 8 times lower than that of any traditional bank.
Opinions On Wise
I discovered Wise in its early days when almost no one knew it. The truth is that at the time of my first transfer the doubt was there, even more so at the time when money and internet was not yet 100% reliable.
The fact is that since I first used it, I have regretted not having discovered it before. How much money I was able to give to the banks! My opinion on Wise is very positive. Now I use it constantly and have never had any problems.
I don’t know anyone who has had a single problem and all the opinions on Wise on Trust Pilot are positive. Anyway, any questions you may have, call them, they will help you in French and with a smile.
Wise Review Conclusion
As you can see, Wise is a very interesting option for all those who live abroad: it is fast, simple, you save a lot of money in commissions and exchange rates, that is to say: without losing a single cent.
It also helps us to have a bank account and make the most of it by receiving our salary, taking money from ATMs, or making purchases.
Go to Wiseand register.
submitted bykhaledbitoinvesting_discussion [link][comments]

2021.11.11 11:44 khaledbiWise.com Review 2021 ( the cheapest way to transfer money internationally)

You live abroad and one of the things that worries you most is economic problems such as: How to make international bank transfers? Which bank account to open? Wise is one of the best options on the market that answers both questions.
Wise processes global bank transfers without hidden fees, exchange rate differences, or last-minute surprises. And you can even have real bank accounts with them in several countries for different currencies.
Here, we show you exactly how to get the most out of Wise and most importantly, how to start saving on your international bank transfers and have a real SEPA bank account or even a real bank account in the United States. Also, you’re going to learn about the virtual bank’s weaknesses or under which conditions the service might not be the best choice to use for bank transfers. Let’s start with the strengths of Wise:
5 Reasons To Use Wise?
After a couple of months of using Wise to send money abroad, I consider it one of the best ways to make international transfers for the following reasons:

• Transparency: They apply the real and exact exchange rate (mid-market range, the one that appears in Google). You will know exactly how much money you will send and how much money the recipient will receive.
• Speed: The recipient will receive the transfer much faster than with the traditional bank. Transfers within the European Union arrive on the same day. From the first moment, you will know exactly when the person to whom you are sending the money receives it.
• Savings: Only one fair and transparent commission.
• Security: Wise is an officially regulated financial institution in the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world. The overall opinions are excellent overall.
• Comfort: As simple as making a transfer in a few seconds or online purchase with your credit card.

Wise: Making Economic International Transfers
When you wanted to send money from any European Euro account to the United Kingdom (GBP account), banks always apply incorrect exchange rates, so customers lose a lot of money that way… In addition, they are used to apply unfairly hidden commissions.
In the case of Wise, you make a transfer to your euro account, they apply the exact exchange rate for the day and make a transfer from your bank account to the final bank account. Here, instead of one international transfer, there are two transfers in the same currency.
The customer knows transparently and accurately the amount in Euros to be sent and the amount in Pounds to be received. No hidden costs or last-minute surprises.
Transfer Comparison: Wise vs. Banks
Here is an example, a 1000€ transfer from my German bank account (€) to my British bank account (pounds):
(the comparison was made with one of the leading banks in Germany)
As you will appreciate, today it is much more cost-effective to make our international transfers with online platforms such as Wise, at least up to a certain amount.
The key point to saving is not so much in management fees, but rather in the foreign exchange rate, which makes a huge difference. In our example, the amount to save would be 45 €.

In short, the traditional banking system has become obsolete.

How To Make An International TransferStep By Step Guide: Send Money
1. Go to Wiseand register.
2. Enter the quantity to be sent. Choose the currency in which you send the money and the currency in which you receive the money. Then choose the amount you want to send or the amount you want to receive.
When you enter the amount on one side, the other side automatically appears with the estimated official exchange rate of the day. If the actual exchange rate is lower than the estimated, the difference is refunded to your bank account.
3. Fill in the recipient’s bank details. You have two options: the IBAN and the BIC of the recipient (For more information, go to the end of the post) or select the option with which the recipient receives an email from Wise.
In cases where the recipient does not want to give them, he can inform them himself. This is done automatically at the time of the transfer.
4. Make the payment. We have three options to do this:
(Don’t worry, Wise is 100% safe in all three options)
a) By credit card. This is the simplest method, all you have to do is enter your debit or credit card details and make the payment at Wise as you would for online purchase.
Keep your mobile phone handy as banks usually ask for a confirmation code that they send by SMS. The limit for making a card payment is £10.000 in the United Kingdom (0.69% fee applies with business cards) and €2500 for the Euro Zone (1.65% fee with business cards).
b) By bank transfer. You must make a transfer from your bank to the Wise account by entering the code provided in the “reference” or “concept” part of the transfer.
Once the transfer has been made, click on “I have already sent the money to Wise”. As soon as Wise receives the money, you will automatically receive an email indicating the date of execution of the transfer. You will be able to track the status of the transfer online via the Web by entering your reference number.
5. Transfer made! Finally, you and the recipient will receive an email as soon as the transfer is made and the money available on the recipient’s account. This email specifies the following:

• The official exchange rate used (the official rate on the day of conversion)
• The commission charged by Wise (attention, the first one is free!)
• Confirmation that the recipient has been notified by mail
• In this case, the exchange rate was finally lower so we explain that we returned the difference (£2.72) to you on the bank account from which you sent the money. The refund will have the reference indicated.

Now you can see why the comments or opinions on Wise are so positive. It is simply a revolution for the international banking system. It is therefore very easy to know how to use Wise and start saving in commissions.
New: Sending Money to China
Wise recently introduced their new payout option for transfers to China: Now users can payout CNY to AliPay IDs, which is a great step on their path to enable transfers all over the globe.
Wise Prices, Fees and Commissions
Although Wise does not charge any type of administration fees or additional on the exchange rate, as explained above, they do charge a minimal management fee to make the transfer. This fee is round about 0.5% of the transfer amount.
At present, they do not receive a minimum commission of £2 for most destinations in the United Kingdom. This is something that had made small transfers expensive. There are now fixed transfer fees with a percentage commission of up to 50 pence.
So this FinTech service offers a cheap and transparent way to make our bank transfers, finally, we get away from the abusive fees charged by traditional banks. For example, for a transfer of 1000 €, the possibility of having 60 € in bank charges is over.
In fact, the reality is that no exchange office in London or any other city in the United Kingdom have such low rates, so if you are going to live in the United Kingdom for a long time, I advise you to open a British bank account and transfer your money via Wise.
Caution: Large Transfers with Wise
The small transaction fees the transfer service charges makes sense for transfer amounts up to a certain limit. Above that limit, transfers with traditional banks can actually again be cheaper. The limit to which Wise makes sense can easily be calculated:
Let’s say a normal bank transfer would cost you 60€. So what’s the amount of which 60€ would be 0.5%? It’s 12.000€. So you could send 12k with Wise and also pay 60€ for the transfer. With a traditional bank, the 60€ will usually stay the same, no matter if you transfer 1.000€ or 100.000€. With Wise, you still pay 0.5% of 100.000€, which would be 500€. So be aware that larger Transfers are extremely expensive with this FinTech, while smaller transfers are super cheap.
Wise Currencies
Wise can send and receive transfers in the following currencies:

• EUR – Euro – European Union
• GBP – Pound Sterling – United Kingdom
• USD – United States Dollar – United States
• AUD – Australian Dollar – Australia.
• CHF – Swiss Franc – Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
• CAD – Canadian Dollar – Canada.
• PLN – Polish Esloti – Poland.
• SEK – Swedish Krona – Sweden.
• NOK – Norwegian krone – Norway.
• DKK – Danish krone – Denmark.
• HUF – Hungarian forint – Hungary.
• CZK – Czech Koruna – Czech Republic.
• BGN – Lev Bulgare – Bulgaria.
• RON – Romanian leu – Romania.
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand
• SGD – Singapore Dollar – Singapore
• HKR – Croatian Kuna – Croatia
• BRL – Brazilian Real – Brazil
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar
• JPY – Yen – Japan
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and Northern Chipre

Wise can only make domestic transfers in the following currencies:

• INR – Indian Rupee – India
• CLP – Chilean Peso – Chile
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand.
• GEL – Georgian Lari – Georgia
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar – to Hong Kong.
• MYR – Malaysian Ringgit – Malaysia.
• PHP – Philippine Peso – Philippines.
• PKR – Pakistani Rupee – Pakistan.
• MAD – Moroccan Dirham – Morocco
• THB – Thai baht – Thailand
• AED – dirham de EAU – EAU
• UAH – Ukrainian hryvna – Ukraine
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and northern Cyprus
• IDR – Indonesian Rupee – Indonesia
• COP – Colombian Peso – Colombia
• MXN – Mexican Peso – Mexico
• RUB – Russian Ruble – Russia
• KRW – South Korean won – South Korea
• CNY – Chinese Yuan – China
• LKR – Sri Lanka Rupee – Sri Lanka
• BDT – Taka from Bangladesh – Bangladesh
• VND – Vietnamese Dong – Vietnam
• ARS – Argentine Peso – Argentina
• EGP – Egyptian Pound – Egypt
• GHS – Cedi of Ghana – Ghana
• ILS – Israeli Rupee – Israel
• KES – Kenyan Shillings – in Kenya
• NGN – Nigerian Naira – Nigeria
• NPR – Nepal Rupees – Nepal – Nepal
• PEN – New Peruvian Sun – in Peru

For now, here are the accepted currencies, but for more information and updates here, access here.
Excluded Countries:
The following countries are generally excluded from Wise services:
Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Burundi, Congo Republic, Chad, Cuba, Crimea (sub-territory), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Iran, Eritrea, North Korea, Somalia, Sevastopol (city), Republic of South Sudan, Sudan, State of Libya, Syrian Arab Republic, Territories of the United States, Yemen and Venezuela.
Is Wise Safe?
Yes, Wise is very safe. It is a financial entity officially regulated by the economic institutions of the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world.
Wise started as a “Startup” by the creators of Paypal and Skype and is today one of the most important companies in the FinTech world. All this success would not have been possible without the safety of the service. A single mistake followed by a bad comment and, nowadays with the Internet, this opinion will have destroyed the company.
At Wise, they know their strengths: price and security, which is why they take it very seriously. And, of course, they are authorized by the FCA (Financial Conduct Authority) in the United Kingdom under the Electronic Money Regulations 2011, with Firm Reference 900507.
Another plus, its customer service is excellent. Available 24 hours a day and in French, so if a problem occurs, it is solved instantly.
Finally, note that you will have written confirmation of the transfer from the beginning with detailed information (the amount sent, the sender and the recipient, the exchange rate applied, the amount to be received in the other currency, etc.)
In short, when asked if Wise is safe, the answer is yes, and the security is equal to or better than any other financial institution.
How Long Does It Take To Receive The Money?
Sending money with Wise is much faster than conventional bank transfers. Transfers usually take no more than two days and arrive on the same day (a few hours). It all depends on the payment method you use (bank transfer or credit card)
That being said, from the beginning, you will know exactly when the recipient will receive your money.
Request A Transfer With Wise
Sometimes we need a transfer from France (bank account in Euros) to our British bank account. For example, when your parents send you money while you are studying in Liverpool.
That’s why the “Request Money” option is very useful. You put the amount you are asking for, the concept of payment (university fees, for example), and the account where you want to receive the money.
And here you are, now you get a link that you will share with the other person by email and when you click on it, you will be able to pay online, in your local currency, with your credit card (as if you were buying online). How could it not have been invented before!

• On Wise, click on “Request money”
• Select the amount and bank account
• Send the link to the other person (below what they will see)

IBAN / BIC
The IBAN and BIC are the contact details that allow you to identify your international accounts, so that each country, even if it has a different format of account number, serves to homogenize these details.

• The BIC (Bank Identifier Code) or SWIFT is the code of your bank. Each bank has its own code to be identified. The bank and the country of its headquarters are identified in its eleven alphanumeric digits. For example, for a ING account in Amsterdam, this would be: INGBNL2AXXX
• The IBAN is the international bank account code. It is just an alphanumeric sequence that allows us to identify someone’s bank account in a financial institution. For example, if your account is in the Netherlands, it will be something with NL at the beginning: NL12 3456 6789 10 1231314113.

You can calculate your BIC and IBAN, for example at: https://www.iban.com/calculate-iban
Wise In The United Kingdom (UK)
And yes, Wise is available in the United Kingdom, where it has established itself in recent years as one of the most cost-effective ways to send money abroad, especially when exchanging euros for sterling.
In the United Kingdom, all bank accounts with an IBAN starting with GB are included, as well as those starting with GI and belonging to Gibraltar. Remember that the Channel Islands are also included without any restrictions.
When we use Wise in England and the United Kingdom, the vast majority of shipments are made on the same business day until 5 pm, but it may take up to two business days for exceptional reasons.
Remember that in the UK, bank accounts are 22 characters long and consist of letters and numbers. The account number is only eight digits long.
Wise In France – How To Make An International Transfer
Without a doubt, France has become one of Wise’s main markets where, since its creation, Wise has become the most economical method for making international transfers with currency changes.
In France, all bank accounts whose IBAN begins with FR are included, therefore accounts residing overseas are included.
When you use Wise in France, most shipments are made on the same day (business day) if they are made before 5 pm but may be delayed up to 2 business days for special reasons.
Remember that in France bank accounts have 11 numeric characters.
First Free Bank Transfer With Wise?
No, you will pay a small commission that you will know transparently and accurately from the first moment.
It is true that a few years ago, Wise launched an advertising campaign offering their service or the first transfer was free. Now, since they have managed to lower the prices even further: we only pay a small amount.
In order to achieve such a competitive price, it was necessary to do without promotions such as the first free transfer.
It should not be forgotten that today, Wise remains the cheapest method of sending money abroad, and whose cost is 8 times lower than that of any traditional bank.
Opinions On Wise
I discovered Wise in its early days when almost no one knew it. The truth is that at the time of my first transfer the doubt was there, even more so at the time when money and internet was not yet 100% reliable.
The fact is that since I first used it, I have regretted not having discovered it before. How much money I was able to give to the banks! My opinion on Wise is very positive. Now I use it constantly and have never had any problems.
I don’t know anyone who has had a single problem and all the opinions on Wise on Trust Pilot are positive. Anyway, any questions you may have, call them, they will help you in French and with a smile.
Wise Review Conclusion
As you can see, Wise is a very interesting option for all those who live abroad: it is fast, simple, you save a lot of money in commissions and exchange rates, that is to say: without losing a single cent.
It also helps us to have a bank account and make the most of it by receiving our salary, taking money from ATMs, or making purchases.
Go to Wiseand register.
submitted bykhaledbitoinvestingforbeginners [link][comments]

2021.11.11 11:06 khaledbiWise.com Review 2021 ( the cheapest way to transfer money internationally)

You live abroad and one of the things that worries you most is economic problems such as: How to make international bank transfers? Which bank account to open? Wise is one of the best options on the market that answers both questions.
Wise processes global bank transfers without hidden fees, exchange rate differences, or last-minute surprises. And you can even have real bank accounts with them in several countries for different currencies.
Here, we show you exactly how to get the most out of Wise and most importantly, how to start saving on your international bank transfers and have a real SEPA bank account or even a real bank account in the United States. Also, you’re going to learn about the virtual bank’s weaknesses or under which conditions the service might not be the best choice to use for bank transfers. Let’s start with the strengths of Wise:
5 Reasons To Use Wise?
After a couple of months of using Wise to send money abroad, I consider it one of the best ways to make international transfers for the following reasons:

• Transparency: They apply the real and exact exchange rate (mid-market range, the one that appears in Google). You will know exactly how much money you will send and how much money the recipient will receive.
• Speed: The recipient will receive the transfer much faster than with the traditional bank. Transfers within the European Union arrive on the same day. From the first moment, you will know exactly when the person to whom you are sending the money receives it.
• Savings: Only one fair and transparent commission.
• Security: Wise is an officially regulated financial institution in the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world. The overall opinions are excellent overall.
• Comfort: As simple as making a transfer in a few seconds or online purchase with your credit card.

Wise: Making Economic International Transfers
When you wanted to send money from any European Euro account to the United Kingdom (GBP account), banks always apply incorrect exchange rates, so customers lose a lot of money that way… In addition, they are used to apply unfairly hidden commissions.
In the case of Wise, you make a transfer to your euro account, they apply the exact exchange rate for the day and make a transfer from your bank account to the final bank account. Here, instead of one international transfer, there are two transfers in the same currency.
The customer knows transparently and accurately the amount in Euros to be sent and the amount in Pounds to be received. No hidden costs or last-minute surprises.
Transfer Comparison: Wise vs. Banks
Here is an example, a 1000€ transfer from my German bank account (€) to my British bank account (pounds):
(the comparison was made with one of the leading banks in Germany)
As you will appreciate, today it is much more cost-effective to make our international transfers with online platforms such as Wise, at least up to a certain amount.
The key point to saving is not so much in management fees, but rather in the foreign exchange rate, which makes a huge difference. In our example, the amount to save would be 45 €.

In short, the traditional banking system has become obsolete.

How To Make An International TransferStep By Step Guide: Send Money
1. Go to Wiseand register.
2. Enter the quantity to be sent. Choose the currency in which you send the money and the currency in which you receive the money. Then choose the amount you want to send or the amount you want to receive.
When you enter the amount on one side, the other side automatically appears with the estimated official exchange rate of the day. If the actual exchange rate is lower than the estimated, the difference is refunded to your bank account.
3. Fill in the recipient’s bank details. You have two options: the IBAN and the BIC of the recipient (For more information, go to the end of the post) or select the option with which the recipient receives an email from Wise.
In cases where the recipient does not want to give them, he can inform them himself. This is done automatically at the time of the transfer.
4. Make the payment. We have three options to do this:
(Don’t worry, Wise is 100% safe in all three options)
a) By credit card. This is the simplest method, all you have to do is enter your debit or credit card details and make the payment at Wise as you would for online purchase.
Keep your mobile phone handy as banks usually ask for a confirmation code that they send by SMS. The limit for making a card payment is £10.000 in the United Kingdom (0.69% fee applies with business cards) and €2500 for the Euro Zone (1.65% fee with business cards).
b) By bank transfer. You must make a transfer from your bank to the Wise account by entering the code provided in the “reference” or “concept” part of the transfer.
Once the transfer has been made, click on “I have already sent the money to Wise”. As soon as Wise receives the money, you will automatically receive an email indicating the date of execution of the transfer. You will be able to track the status of the transfer online via the Web by entering your reference number.
5. Transfer made! Finally, you and the recipient will receive an email as soon as the transfer is made and the money available on the recipient’s account. This email specifies the following:

• The official exchange rate used (the official rate on the day of conversion)
• The commission charged by Wise (attention, the first one is free!)
• Confirmation that the recipient has been notified by mail
• In this case, the exchange rate was finally lower so we explain that we returned the difference (£2.72) to you on the bank account from which you sent the money. The refund will have the reference indicated.

Now you can see why the comments or opinions on Wise are so positive. It is simply a revolution for the international banking system. It is therefore very easy to know how to use Wise and start saving in commissions.
New: Sending Money to China
Wise recently introduced their new payout option for transfers to China: Now users can payout CNY to AliPay IDs, which is a great step on their path to enable transfers all over the globe.
Wise Prices, Fees and Commissions
Although Wise does not charge any type of administration fees or additional on the exchange rate, as explained above, they do charge a minimal management fee to make the transfer. This fee is round about 0.5% of the transfer amount.
At present, they do not receive a minimum commission of £2 for most destinations in the United Kingdom. This is something that had made small transfers expensive. There are now fixed transfer fees with a percentage commission of up to 50 pence.
So this FinTech service offers a cheap and transparent way to make our bank transfers, finally, we get away from the abusive fees charged by traditional banks. For example, for a transfer of 1000 €, the possibility of having 60 € in bank charges is over.
In fact, the reality is that no exchange office in London or any other city in the United Kingdom have such low rates, so if you are going to live in the United Kingdom for a long time, I advise you to open a British bank account and transfer your money via Wise.
Caution: Large Transfers with Wise
The small transaction fees the transfer service charges makes sense for transfer amounts up to a certain limit. Above that limit, transfers with traditional banks can actually again be cheaper. The limit to which Wise makes sense can easily be calculated:
Let’s say a normal bank transfer would cost you 60€. So what’s the amount of which 60€ would be 0.5%? It’s 12.000€. So you could send 12k with Wise and also pay 60€ for the transfer. With a traditional bank, the 60€ will usually stay the same, no matter if you transfer 1.000€ or 100.000€. With Wise, you still pay 0.5% of 100.000€, which would be 500€. So be aware that larger Transfers are extremely expensive with this FinTech, while smaller transfers are super cheap.
Wise Currencies
Wise can send and receive transfers in the following currencies:

• EUR – Euro – European Union
• GBP – Pound Sterling – United Kingdom
• USD – United States Dollar – United States
• AUD – Australian Dollar – Australia.
• CHF – Swiss Franc – Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
• CAD – Canadian Dollar – Canada.
• PLN – Polish Esloti – Poland.
• SEK – Swedish Krona – Sweden.
• NOK – Norwegian krone – Norway.
• DKK – Danish krone – Denmark.
• HUF – Hungarian forint – Hungary.
• CZK – Czech Koruna – Czech Republic.
• BGN – Lev Bulgare – Bulgaria.
• RON – Romanian leu – Romania.
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand
• SGD – Singapore Dollar – Singapore
• HKR – Croatian Kuna – Croatia
• BRL – Brazilian Real – Brazil
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar
• JPY – Yen – Japan
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and Northern Chipre

Wise can only make domestic transfers in the following currencies:

• INR – Indian Rupee – India
• CLP – Chilean Peso – Chile
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand.
• GEL – Georgian Lari – Georgia
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar – to Hong Kong.
• MYR – Malaysian Ringgit – Malaysia.
• PHP – Philippine Peso – Philippines.
• PKR – Pakistani Rupee – Pakistan.
• MAD – Moroccan Dirham – Morocco
• THB – Thai baht – Thailand
• AED – dirham de EAU – EAU
• UAH – Ukrainian hryvna – Ukraine
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and northern Cyprus
• IDR – Indonesian Rupee – Indonesia
• COP – Colombian Peso – Colombia
• MXN – Mexican Peso – Mexico
• RUB – Russian Ruble – Russia
• KRW – South Korean won – South Korea
• CNY – Chinese Yuan – China
• LKR – Sri Lanka Rupee – Sri Lanka
• BDT – Taka from Bangladesh – Bangladesh
• VND – Vietnamese Dong – Vietnam
• ARS – Argentine Peso – Argentina
• EGP – Egyptian Pound – Egypt
• GHS – Cedi of Ghana – Ghana
• ILS – Israeli Rupee – Israel
• KES – Kenyan Shillings – in Kenya
• NGN – Nigerian Naira – Nigeria
• NPR – Nepal Rupees – Nepal – Nepal
• PEN – New Peruvian Sun – in Peru

For now, here are the accepted currencies, but for more information and updates here, access here.
Excluded Countries:
The following countries are generally excluded from Wise services:
Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Burundi, Congo Republic, Chad, Cuba, Crimea (sub-territory), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Iran, Eritrea, North Korea, Somalia, Sevastopol (city), Republic of South Sudan, Sudan, State of Libya, Syrian Arab Republic, Territories of the United States, Yemen and Venezuela.
Is Wise Safe?
Yes, Wise is very safe. It is a financial entity officially regulated by the economic institutions of the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world.
Wise started as a “Startup” by the creators of Paypal and Skype and is today one of the most important companies in the FinTech world. All this success would not have been possible without the safety of the service. A single mistake followed by a bad comment and, nowadays with the Internet, this opinion will have destroyed the company.
At Wise, they know their strengths: price and security, which is why they take it very seriously. And, of course, they are authorized by the FCA (Financial Conduct Authority) in the United Kingdom under the Electronic Money Regulations 2011, with Firm Reference 900507.
Another plus, its customer service is excellent. Available 24 hours a day and in French, so if a problem occurs, it is solved instantly.
Finally, note that you will have written confirmation of the transfer from the beginning with detailed information (the amount sent, the sender and the recipient, the exchange rate applied, the amount to be received in the other currency, etc.)
In short, when asked if Wise is safe, the answer is yes, and the security is equal to or better than any other financial institution.
How Long Does It Take To Receive The Money?
Sending money with Wise is much faster than conventional bank transfers. Transfers usually take no more than two days and arrive on the same day (a few hours). It all depends on the payment method you use (bank transfer or credit card)
That being said, from the beginning, you will know exactly when the recipient will receive your money.
Request A Transfer With Wise
Sometimes we need a transfer from France (bank account in Euros) to our British bank account. For example, when your parents send you money while you are studying in Liverpool.
That’s why the “Request Money” option is very useful. You put the amount you are asking for, the concept of payment (university fees, for example), and the account where you want to receive the money.
And here you are, now you get a link that you will share with the other person by email and when you click on it, you will be able to pay online, in your local currency, with your credit card (as if you were buying online). How could it not have been invented before!

• On Wise, click on “Request money”
• Select the amount and bank account
• Send the link to the other person (below what they will see)

IBAN / BIC
The IBAN and BIC are the contact details that allow you to identify your international accounts, so that each country, even if it has a different format of account number, serves to homogenize these details.

• The BIC (Bank Identifier Code) or SWIFT is the code of your bank. Each bank has its own code to be identified. The bank and the country of its headquarters are identified in its eleven alphanumeric digits. For example, for a ING account in Amsterdam, this would be: INGBNL2AXXX
• The IBAN is the international bank account code. It is just an alphanumeric sequence that allows us to identify someone’s bank account in a financial institution. For example, if your account is in the Netherlands, it will be something with NL at the beginning: NL12 3456 6789 10 1231314113.

You can calculate your BIC and IBAN, for example at: https://www.iban.com/calculate-iban
Wise In The United Kingdom (UK)
And yes, Wise is available in the United Kingdom, where it has established itself in recent years as one of the most cost-effective ways to send money abroad, especially when exchanging euros for sterling.
In the United Kingdom, all bank accounts with an IBAN starting with GB are included, as well as those starting with GI and belonging to Gibraltar. Remember that the Channel Islands are also included without any restrictions.
When we use Wise in England and the United Kingdom, the vast majority of shipments are made on the same business day until 5 pm, but it may take up to two business days for exceptional reasons.
Remember that in the UK, bank accounts are 22 characters long and consist of letters and numbers. The account number is only eight digits long.
Wise In France – How To Make An International Transfer
Without a doubt, France has become one of Wise’s main markets where, since its creation, Wise has become the most economical method for making international transfers with currency changes.
In France, all bank accounts whose IBAN begins with FR are included, therefore accounts residing overseas are included.
When you use Wise in France, most shipments are made on the same day (business day) if they are made before 5 pm but may be delayed up to 2 business days for special reasons.
Remember that in France bank accounts have 11 numeric characters.
First Free Bank Transfer With Wise?
No, you will pay a small commission that you will know transparently and accurately from the first moment.
It is true that a few years ago, Wise launched an advertising campaign offering their service or the first transfer was free. Now, since they have managed to lower the prices even further: we only pay a small amount.
In order to achieve such a competitive price, it was necessary to do without promotions such as the first free transfer.
It should not be forgotten that today, Wise remains the cheapest method of sending money abroad, and whose cost is 8 times lower than that of any traditional bank.
Opinions On Wise
I discovered Wise in its early days when almost no one knew it. The truth is that at the time of my first transfer the doubt was there, even more so at the time when money and internet was not yet 100% reliable.
The fact is that since I first used it, I have regretted not having discovered it before. How much money I was able to give to the banks! My opinion on Wise is very positive. Now I use it constantly and have never had any problems.
I don’t know anyone who has had a single problem and all the opinions on Wise on Trust Pilot are positive. Anyway, any questions you may have, call them, they will help you in French and with a smile.
Wise Review Conclusion
As you can see, Wise is a very interesting option for all those who live abroad: it is fast, simple, you save a lot of money in commissions and exchange rates, that is to say: without losing a single cent.
It also helps us to have a bank account and make the most of it by receiving our salary, taking money from ATMs, or making purchases.
Go to Wiseand register.
submitted bykhaledbitoCryptocurrencyICO [link][comments]

2021.11.11 03:00 500scnds[Table] We are hackers and cyber defenders working to fight cyber criminals. Ask Us Anything about the rising ransomware epidemic!

Source
Note: Apologies in advance for the giant wall of text in the middle.
Rows: ~85

Questions	Answers
You mention that a degree may not be necessary for a job in cyber security, do you have resources or online courses that someone could use to gain relevant knowledge? Edit: Although with some considerable delay, I would like to thank you all for your comments and your feedback. This is all very helpful and I’m genuinely impressed with how supportive you are! I’ll give everything you’ve sent a proper look and might bother some of you with additional questions.	Bob: I'm a fan of the Cybersecurity Body of Knowledge (https://www.cybok.org/) and you can learn tons just by absorbing the MITRE ATT&CK content (https://attack.mitre.org/) (they update ~quarterly)
​	Jen: I completely agree with Bob's recommendations. For training courses, you can also look at SANS and also a lot of community security conferences, even smaller regional ones, offer training. They tend not to be free though.
​	Marc: There is an excellent thread in /cybersecurity covering just this.
​	Also: Mentorship Monday in /rcybersecurity.
​	Allan: I know most people don’t like social media, but infosec Twitter is a great place to learn and get help. People are always sharing resources, videos and little tidbits of information that can be very useful.
​	Jen: I also agree with Allan - I actually learn a ton from infosec twitter and asking questions.
the below is another reply to the original question	​
I think it may be beneficial to elaborate a little more to accompany answers already provided- so let me share some of my experience. I've been employed in a full time information security role for about 10 years; with three different employers. Currently employed as a cyber analyst with a large law-firm. Previously, my specialty was a broad mix of infosec risk/cyber engineering/and web-application penetration testing. I have no college degree, and am 31 years old. My best advice to you, is to get a tech role in an organization- and gain as much on-job experience as you possibly can, even if this means you start in a different initial role. It'll be important to gain some technical knowledge, while grasping security concepts as you learn. Additionally, learn frameworks and standards such as ISO 27001:2013, and NIST 800-53. Read the requirements of the standards, and try to figure out how to correctly interpret them- and how you would implement them based on your interpretation. (The standard says this requirement must be implemented, but what does the requirement actually mean- and how would it be implemented?) Look up current vulnerabilities making their rounds in the wild, using resources like Tenable (https://www.tenable.com/research). Learn about the different types of Malware (https://www.crowdstrike.com/cybersecurity-101/malware/types-of-malware/) and ask yourself; How can security be layered to prevent malware from finding it's way into an organization? (Look up Defense in Depth.) How does malware most often enter a network? (Look up: Initial attack vector) How can you find anomalous network traffic that may be indicative of malware spreading? (Look up: Endpoint Detection and Response, and Threat Hunting.) Read about security best practices (e.g. Google: Access Control Best Practices,Data Loss Prevention Best Practices.) Read the articles, and imagine how you would implement the recommendations. Some context for those interested: My first 'real' job (circa 2009, 19 years old) was in helpdesk/desktop support. I did my best to kick ass, and offered to take on issues that often went beyond the scope of my role. If I came across an issue that required engineer escalation or an issue with a server, I would do my best to find a potential solution that I could offer, and communicated the potential solution to the appropriate individual(s). After about a year, and much determination doing the above- I migrated into a Windows/Linux Systems Administration role. (Followed by becoming a VMware vCenter virtualization SME, but that's not super relevant.) Through ad-hoc learning, shadowing team members, and asking 100000 questions, I developed a reputation for being 'that kid who just got stuff done.' Being in a SysAdmin position, I was introduced to projects that essentially crossed the Information/Cyber Security 'border.' (Backup and restore testing; defining data retention requirements by working with upper management while juggling applicable regulations; early Mobile Device Management (BES at the time, yikes) redundant datacenter architecture to ensure data availability during adverse events; identity and access control, scoping penetration tests, and generally... understanding the entire tech stack. Some questions I'd ask myself when looking for risk, or trying to understand how a tech stack worked: * What's actually 'open'/NAT'ed on our external networks, across all allocated IP Addresses? * Should this resource be open publicly to anyone who knows the URL/IP? * Why is it open, and what does it do? * What does the NAT point to internally? * What kind of vulnerabilities does that system have externally? Internally? * Is the system hardened? * Does it have Anti-Virus, and does it send its logs to a centralized logging platform? (e.g. Splunk) * What kinds of vulnerabilities may exist in the source-code/services that the system is serving (OWASP) ? * Who has access to this system? Are any of these user accounts old? Do they use MFA or SSO for login? * Do they follow a defined procedure [e.g. Secure Software Development Lifecycle] to consistently release new source code that is reviewed and scanned for vulnerabilities? * Does a firewall properly segment everything? * If data is stored in databases, is it human readable- so if an attacker were to dump an entire database would all the data be compromised? Now that I had the sysadmin privileges, I dove in deep when not busy with supporting my systems- and presented findings whenever feasible. A big project for me at the time was taking on a two-factor authentication implementation project. Back then, it was RSA KeyFobs and BlackBerry soft tokens that integrated with a SaaS application my employer developed. Once I knocked that out, and given the above- a full time security role was created (accompanied by a nice paycheck.) And hence, I was slowly vectored into a full-fledged information security role. Before I knew it I was implementing ISO 27001. 27001 was a fantastic way to truly transition into a security state of mind. It requires: developing policies, procedures, and implementing other technical controls required by the Annex A. Executing tasks, and monitoring activities to ensure the electiveness of our processes to ensure the CIA (Important, the C I A triad!) of assets. Importantly, conducting risk assessments to find gaps that required control (protections). ISO 27001 is very broad, and covers many areas of security. It contains sections (domains) regarding: risk assessments, security awareness training programs, access control processes, business continuity plans, penetration testing, vendor risk assessments- and was a fantastic way to get an inch deep- but a mile wide experience lesson into security. From here, find a niche within the space that you like. Sources to learn will be easy as you now have some fundamental experience. Keep in mind, info/cyber security is extraordinarily broad- just like any field. For example- If you wanted to be a lawyer, while it's possible to be a general attorney that covers multi practices, you typically specialize in one area. (e.g. Business law, contract law, bankruptcy law, securities law, copyright law, criminal defense law, etc.) Security is exactly the same. Find a niche in the area that you like the most, and learn that niche as much as you can. If you like poking at platforms/applications/programs/systems to find holes, and development- research reverse engineering techniques and vulnerability analysis and research. Reverse Engineering:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6mVIos-S2M If you like Information Security Management, look into Security Operations and frameworks like ISO 27001. 27001 Basics:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJbK3jH677k If you like discovering and exploiting known vulnerabilities, look into vulnerability scanning and penetration testing. Using Tenable:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x87gbgQD4egUsing Metasploit:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lR27r8Y_ik If you like identifying and managing Risk, look into Risk Assessment Frameworks like ISO 31000 31000 Basics:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xi9EsdKOlAE If you like Security Compliance, become an auditor (best gig in the game imo) Security Auditing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iW7W_6stSh0 Enjoy developing? Well, learn how to assess code against the OWASP Top-10 Intro to OWASP:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AO_sqXb-gKE If you like passive/active cyber defense, learn about Incident Response, or Security Engineering Log Analysis:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xw536W7kbDQThreat Hunting:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmKSnRMW_6wIncident Response Walkthrough:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2BOOl8_nwjQFirewall configurations:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eb1pTs7XamA If you like it all- you can be a generalist like me :-) Just keep in mind, It's hard for me to be an expert in one area, as I'm required to cover so much in my current role. Fortunately I do have a great security/network engineering team who basically maintain my entire network security stack (firewalls, VPN, network segmentation, server hardening, etc.) Granted- in my spare time, and when my employer gives me time for continued education- I hone my skills. My real interest lies a little beyond the standard scope standard cyber security, in SIGINT: SIGINT Overview:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdJQo__vY8UUniversal Radio Hacker:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuubkTDAxwAFun Stuff:https://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/how-to/log-wi-fi-probe-requests-from-smartphones-laptops-with-probemon-0176303/More Fun Stuff:https://fadeproject.org/?page_id=34Even more fun stuff:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJAWHGEB8HI	Marc: This is great advice. The only thing I would add is don’t discount how easy it can be to get real practical experience. Not only does it give you a chance to put some of what you learn into use but it makes it way more interesting and easier to keep in your head.
​	Even volunteering to do cybersecurity work is valid experience. Some of the best practitioners I know started out by doing cybersecurity work for NGOs or small businesses that couldn’t afford a dedicated person.
​	As mentioned above, fond what interests you and dive into it. All the best cybersecurity people LOVE what they do. For those luck few its not a job but a calling.
the below is a reply to the above reply	​
So you're the guy who is responsible for my employer requiring 2FA via SMS every few ducking days! I must say duck you sir! (small /s)	Marc: Guilty as charged.
What is the most common, non-phishing vector?	Allan: Remote Desktop Protocol, either through credential reuse or credential stuffing attacks
​	Allan: There are something like 8 BILLION username/passwords available for sale or free on underground markets at any given time and that doesn’t even take into account the number or organizations that just use poor password management for internet-exposed infrastructure
​	Marc: Yeah I'd say insecure credentials. Insecure credentials into infrastructure, systems, or accounts that can be used to pivot.
It’s easy to get the impression from these recent events that infrastructure is fairly easy to attack. What do you think is the likelihood that either a state or a rogue group takes down some critical infrastructure for a long period of time that severely disrupts life—something that would be equivalent to essentially destroying infrastructure in a war?	Marc: Very likely as many ransomware groups have seen that high risk infrastructure is both out of date and backed by organisations that will rush to pay because of the impact when it goes down. As a result many of them actively look for vulnerable, exposed infrastructure associated with these kinds of organisations because they know there is a high chance of a good pay-out.
​	Jen: This scenario doesn't feel far-fetched at all. We've already seen infrastructure be a target in several countries, and this is only likely to increase without intervention. Even when the attacker offers up the keys as they did with the attack on the Irish healthcare authority (HSE), it can take a long time to get ops fully back up and running. HSE is saying they think full recovery will cost them $600m, so think of all the work that's paying for and how long that will likely take. https://www.scmagazine.com/home/security-news/ransomware/costs-from-ransomware-attack-against-ireland-health-system-reach-600m/
​	Allan: It has already happened in Ukraine and other places, so 100%
​	James: This question is one I think about often. It’s more nuanced than simply thinking about the ease of the attack.
​	For state actors, this very well could result in war. NATO, for example, recently said that cyber attacks would also be covered by the alliance, resulting in the possibilities of joint responses to cyber events. This may serve as a deterrent to state sponsored destructive activities. Use of cyber capabilities are almost assured in wars. This is simply part of modern war for those countries with appropriate capabilities. War is always a concern, and cyber events will be another component to that concern, so this likelihood is roughly the same as the threat of war. It is more likely, imo, that domestic or foreign terrorism would result in destructive attacks. It’s also possible that organized crime or individual actors could have a large impact to daily life. This is reasonably likely to happen in my opinion, as the ease of attack is generally there and the motivation to cause legitimate harm is there as well. Intelligence teams track these groups to stay ahead of them and hopefully prevent attacks from happening, but no intelligence efforts are perfect, and no one catches everything.
​	Bob: They may not make all the headlines like the pipeline incident but there are semi-regular cases of various types of critical infrastructure being impacted or having near misses. It really is just a matter of time before it happens.
Please list the top 5 things corporations, business entities and people can do that they currently don't to better protect themselves from cyber attacks and ransomware?	Allan: 1. MFA, 2. Patching, 3. Endpoint protection AND monitoring, 4. scanning of remote infrastructure, 5. threat hunting for attackers.
​	Bob: There are many safe configurations for workstations and servers that organizations either do not know about or have been reticent to deploy. Just shoring up configurations on Active Directory and SMB servers alone can do wonders to help thwart attackers from being able to move laterally and encrypt or lock-out at scale.
the below is a reply to the above	​
Good list, I've often thought that remote VPNs from end users would be a big attack vector. Given people homes generally have pretty crappy endpoints. Any thoughts here?	Allan: Home routers are scanned continuously and are often targets of attack. Most people get their high speed routers from their ISP, plug them in and then never touch them until they are replaced several years later. That means no updates, no configuration checks or anything like that. So, yes, they, can be used as attack vectors which is why it is important to have a home firewall behind the router you get from the ISP, to protect your actual network.
​	Marc: VPN infrastructure has been a huge target since the move to working from home. You just need to look at the number of VPN infrastructure vulns disclosed or dropped to get an idea of how much focus there is on it.
​	Also many companies have huge amounts of technical debt with hastily cobbled together VPN solutions that skipped the usual careful rollout processes. Attackers know this and are targetting these too.
the below is another reply to the original answer	​
1. Fund your goddamn infosec team. ________________________ Nothing ever goes wrong, why do we pay these guys so much!? Cuts budget We just got hacked, what are we paying these guys for!? Cuts budget _______________________ No CISOno representation at C level. If the CTO is your representation, then you have a conflict of interest. If your Director of infosec is your “acting CISO,” you have no CISO. Gtfo. That acting title is just to have someone to throw under the bus when the headlines roll. ______________________ Why would the CTO have a conflict of interest? ______________________________ CTO is ultimately responsible for the budget and the systems that you are in charge of auditing / protecting. It’s possible the CTO wants to cover their ass by hiding the problems from the board. It’s also possible that they are incompetent and will side with IT over infosec.	This is a very good way to look at it.
Currently in school at an online college located in salt lake city ut. I'm in the CyberSecurity program but I feel like the program is kinda dated and the information does not line up very well with the test. Can I land an entry-level cyber job without finishing my degree if I have all Comptia certs related to cybersecurity?	Bob: While some jobs may require certification, many employers are looking for folks with the 'curiosity gene' combined with the knowledge of where to go to find information and solve problems. I'd highly suggest gravitating towards organizations who look for those attributes over those who are just looking for a certification stamp.
​	Marc: You don't need a fancy degree to build a cybersecurity career. you need experience and knowledge. Even knowledge that seems old and minor can be incredibly useful. Take the opportunity you have and build on it by studying more current cutting edge stuff yourself. go to events like DEFCON and connect with the community. the more knowledge you can gain in your 'learning' stage the better. However the best next step is to build experience, use what you have to take on volunteefree/part time roles so start getting those hours of experience. there is no substitute for learning in a job.
​	protip: I have found charities/NGOs/ low income organisations a great place for this. they are desperate for the help and will welcome your donated time. Even if all you can do is keep them up to date on patches you will be doing them a huge favor and in turn that gives you cybersecurity experience and your first solid cybersecurity reference.
​	Marc: Its also really hard because the smaller the org the smaller the budget (if there even is one at all) to pay for security. Working in the CTI-League we ran into small medical facilities ALL THE TIME that lacked resources and personnel to help tackle even the simplest problem, This is definitely a huge challenge and something a lot of us are thinking about. we have to make sure that SMBs don't get left behind as we work to build a more secure ecosystem.
​	Jen: Employers in security are increasingly looking at hiring models and trying to break away from conventional hiring-from-schools models. Often landing a role is more about showing interest and making connections than what your resume says. As I said above, I recommend getting involved with local meet ups, attending free online events, that kind of thing will help build your knowledge and network.
​	Allan: You can, I don’t have a degree and have managed to grow my career. However, advancing in this field, as with many fields, is A LOT easier with a degree and there have definitely been job opportunities I missed out on because they wanted that degree. Keep up the good work and connect with us on LinkedIn so we can help you as you continue to grow.
What can a regular person with no cybersecurity or coding knowledge do to help?	James: A large part of effective security is up to the users, not the security engineers and administrators and the most important things are the most basic things too! Three things come to mind: 1) Use strong passwords that are unique to each site / service (a password manager can help!) 2) Keep good backups, and consider using more than one backup device where both devices are never plugged in at the same time. 3) Be vigilant! If something strikes you as odd, alert your corporate security team. Did you click a link and think it might be bad? Report it! Most ransomware actors take time to inventory networks after the initial compromise, so there may be time to still protect your network and your device! Time is of the essence here though!
​	Marc: Ransomware is a spectrum but most is opportunistic and relies on poor, fragmented security hygiene. Any contribution to up-leveling hygiene in a consistent manner makes an organisation stronger against many types of ransomware.
​	Marc: So every user from the lowest level intern all the way up to the CEO can make a big difference by working to support a consistent information security program. By challenging things that 'look wrong' or which are suspicious, from always being skeptical with email links to reporting security flaws and operational issues. The best defense for a company against ransomware is that company's workforce itself.
​	Allan: Pay attention during security awareness training, know what the threats are and be cautious about emails your receive (especially if they have a warning flag).
the below is a reply to the above	​
Do you recommend Dashlane as a password manager? I've recently started using it.	I do not have any specific recommendations for password managers. I would generally look for audits / reviews that confirm the encryption is suitably strong and one that works for you! Find something that is convenient to your purposes and use case.
What is the largest sum one of your clients ever had to pay?	Allan: Our clients make the ransomware gangs pay ;)
​	Jen: The biggest demands we've heard of are in the $40-50mill buckets, but they are definitely outliers.
What type of software would you recommend against ransomware and things of the sort?	Allan: Unfortunately, there isn’t a single software solution that will solve the problem of ransomware (or other types of attacks). It really does require a holistic approach to security. Not just software, but the right policies, people and protocols in place to quickly identify and stop threats
​	Marc: agree - theres no single bullet, however theres a strategy (see the IST Ransomware Taskforce Report) that shows how organisations and industries can make themselves hostile to ransomware. Most ransomware is opportunist, just by toughening yourself up to become a much less attractive target. by strengthening security hygiene and turning on things like MFA you make lateral movement much harder. solving ransomware is a step by step journey, not a shrinkwrapped piece of software.
​	Bob: There is no path to purchasing your way into ransomware defense.
How can an end-user or consumer can protect him/herself? There are too many security products, like Bitdefender, Kaspersky, Sophos, etc, and one can check received emails or the sites which he/she can visit, but even sometimes that is not enough. Years ago, on a Windows 2012 server I saw a hacker running his apps as a built-in service user from remote desktop services. No AV found that malicious at that time. So, what can we do? Which software / hardware shall we use? How can we protect ourselves? I am aware nothing is %100 bulletproof but we have to start from somewhere.	Bob: Keep your home router patched and consider replacing every few years. Limit the use of 'smart' devices in your home. Scrutinize every email and every link in social media. Limit the number of browser extensions you use and consider using an iOS device for more 'risky' web activity. Keep your systems and software patched. Have regular, offline, backups handy. Much of this is the same advice folks have been giving for a decade or more.
​	Bob: Also use a password manager, preferably one that is plugged into services like 'have i been pwnd?' so you know when you need to reset credentials (but you should be using services that offer or mandate 2-factor authentication).
​	Marc: String security hygiene is one of the best defenses we have. Patch exposed systems, turn on MFA and implement best practice like endpoint protection and you'll create a network thats hostile to ransomware.
​	Jen: Be suspicious of emails or texts from people you don't know, or that include links or attachments. Don't give out sensitive info, particularly your passwords. Use a password manager and use two-step verification wherever you can.
If you had to choose between paying a cyber ransom in gum or pizza, which flavors would you choose to increase your bargaining potential?	Jen: Obviously pineapple
There is an argument often made that if 'the military' and 'law enforcement' begin to crackdown on infrastructure in a much more forward leaning manner, that these gangs will still be able to persist, regroup, reattack - i.e., that even working with private sector partners, there isn't enough data/insight available to really take it to these networks. Agree? Disagree?	Jen: There is definitely a huge challenge in that these criminals often operate in nations where the government either can't or won't stop them, and that makes it super hard for law enforcement to be effective. We need governments around the world to collaborate to crack down on these so-called 'Safe harbor' states. This was actually one of the commitments that came out of the recent G7 Summit, but it remains to be seen how the G7 members will follow through on it.
​	Marc: While its absolutely true that to really hit the ransomware gangs hard we have to take the fight to them, we mustn't loose sight of how important it is for us to toughen. up and work together to make our whole ecosystem hostile to ransomware. By addressing the low hanging fruit many of the opportunistic gangs will get shut out, by improving our detection capabilities we will increase the data and forensic material needed to attribute them. There's a huge amount of stuff to be done at both ends of the fight and its my firm belief that we can only achieve it in partnership.
​	Allan: Right now, ransomware is the most profitable form of cybercrime, aside from possibly BEC. So, yes, even forward leaning efforts by law enforcement won’t necessarily stop ransomware attacks. Ransomware groups have been good at adapting and evolving their attacks to evade defenses. However, a more aggressive law enforcement stature will scare away a lot of the 2nd and 3rd tier ransomware actors (we’ve seen this already with Avaddon and other actors who “retired” this year). That reduces the number of groups law enforcement has to focus on.
​	Bob: To riff off of Alan's answer, the massive proliferation in attacks has been led, in large part, from Ransomware as a Service offerings which enable low-skilled attackers to get in on the action. Curbing that activity will be a huge help.
​	James: There is a tendency to sometimes reduce success to a simple “yes” or “no” question. With ongoing defensive efforts, the objective is to improve and adapt.
​	With the offensive efforts, the point is to take the attack to the attackers and make them have to adapt, change techniques, and generally be less comfortable in their belief that they can operate with impunity. The IST’s Ransomware Task Force report recommends using many different capabilities to help address the threat in a holistic way. Part of that multifaceted effort is to go after attackers and disrupt their capabilities.
What is the best path to start a career in cyber security?	Allan: The best path is the one that works for you, everyone is different, I started in the helpdesk which was great because I got to learn about the problems that people had and it allowed me to be more empathetic as I progressed in my career.
​	Marc: The best cybersecurity people come from the ground up. Get a good baseline of knowledge in technical areas - often working low level IT jobs as an intern or first job can be a great start. Then work on building your base of cybersecurity knowledge. At some point you have to start getting cybersecurity work experience. Experience doing cybersecurity jobs is better than any piece of paper alone. Sometimes this can be gained from low level jobs by taking on cyber responsibilities - by being that IT guy checking patches and ensuring upgrades are done you can build cybersecurity experience.
​	Almost all the best cybersecurity people come from backgrounds like this. few have specialized degrees. I am one of them. I gave a more fuller answer in /cybersecurity
​	Bob: Cybersecurity has become a diverse field with many areas you can specialize in. Learn as much as you can about each area and see which one appeals the most, then dive in! You don't need permission to start learning a particular topic, and there are tons of local security meetups all across globe, plus many online communities that can help you get started.
​	Once you truly settle into some area, there are numerous pathways to more formal education (all the way up to PhD level). Just be curious and don't be afraid to keep asking 'why' and 'how'.
​	Jen: Look for ways to educate yourself on what's going on and meet people that are working in security or have similar interests. Going to local meet ups, attending free online events, that kind of thing will help you build your knowledge and network. You can also look at open source security tools and free cyber ranges to try building your skills without having to spend a lot of money.
Should we ban ransomware payments? Alternatively, should we just ban coverage of ransom payments in insurance policies?	Marc: We should NOT ban ransomware payments. Many organisations find themselves in a difficult position where they feel they are trapped between their shareholders, their customers and law enforcement. This gets even worse when you consider healthcare. If someones life hung in the balance would you want a hospital prosecuted for paying a ransom to bring a surgical suite online?
​	let's not forget who the criminals are and not criminalize the victims. It only drives payments underground and destroys our chances of collaboration. Instead we should work to make ransomware payments more attributable, organisations hostile to ransomware and work on the world stage to eliminate hiding places where these cybercriminals can operate with little recourse.
​	Marc: Additionally I believe that we should work WITH ransomware insurance companies to make ransomware insurance more expensive for companies that aren't doing the basics. Insurance has been an excellent level for eliminating safety issues throughout history and it can be here too. Eliminating it removes one of the levers we have to influence how we fix this.
​	Jen: The reality is that both Bob and Marc are correct, and that's why this is hard.
​	From an idealistic point of view, I think a lot of people agree with Bob - ransom payments fund organized crime which is responsible for some pretty heinous things, including child exploitation and human trafficking. Also, if ransomware is primarily profit motivated, so the expectation is that if we take away the attackers chances of getting paid, they will eventually stop.
​	This is where Marc's more pragmatic position comes in. Because as we've said here, there is little risk or real expense or friction for attackers today, so before they give up on ransomware as a revenue stream, they are very likely to pay a big ol' game of chicken with victims. To tip the odds even further in their favor, they will likely focus on organizations that have the least resilience, which is either SMBs who face losing their entire business, and critical infrastructure providers that have no tolerance for downtime due to the criticality of their service. That's what we've seen when hospitals or fuel pipelines have felt they had no choice but to pay.
​	Even if a government tries to shore up these organizations, there is no such thing as an entirely bulletproof organization, and recovery always takes time. So we could end up seeing business leaders make payments in secret, which puts them in an even more vulnerable position.
​	So the net of all that is that we should figure out how to get to a state where banning payments could work in practice without causing a lot of unintended harm, but we're certainly not there today.
​	Bob: We should totally ban supporting child and sex trafficking through ransomware payments
Question - Is email tracking by invisible pixel or visible still possible in 2021? If impossible, do you know of anyway to track the geolocation of the person opening the email without them knowing and without their email application preventing this process from occurring?	Bob: Pixel tracking is alive and well and one of the most-used techniques. If your mail client stops images and will not execute javascript (or load external resources of any kind) then you're not going to be able to be tracked.
Isn't there a better payment/effort ratio to be on the side of the hacker? You guys are playing goalie right where you have to block all the shots 100% of the time and the hackers only have to get it right once. Illegality aside.	Marc: A yes, the age old question 'but couldn't you make more as a criminal?' the answer is yes I probably could. However what stops me is morals, ethics and laws. I have a family i want to see grow up in a safe country and I love my community (the hacker community) so I want to protect them. I can't do that as a criminal.
​	I also hate bullies and fighting cybercrime is the ultimate bully takedown. Especially when the bully you take down is an entire country.
​	James: Valid question. Yes, criminals have the easy path, no doubt. They prey on innocent victims from all walks of life.
​	But where is the challenge in the easy path? Attacking is way way way easier than defending. Hollywood glorifies the hacker / attacker, but most attacks are very trivial. No challenge.
​	Morals and ethics is a good answer too, and that’s certainly part of my personal decision.
To defend myself from mal/ransomware: Can you recommend a firewall to use for my homelab? Is a hardware firewall better than a software one (using proxmox to virtualize).	Marc: 'can you recommend a firewall?' - personally I use pfsense at home because its easily customised, runs on a lot of easily obtained consumer devices and has a solid feature-set and performance. remember though a firewall is only as good as the way you use it. a lot of sophisticated attacks jump things like firewalls by relying on the user to bring them inside the protected network.
​	Get a good firewall but if you are really interested in being secure look at all the ways you can up-level your security hygiene (ensure everything is kept up to date even that 7 year old IOT tv, ensure that you have segmented networks for untrusted devices like that laptop the annoying person brings when he visits, and be careful with what you connect, plug in or run. DONT CLICK SHIT.)
​	Bob: Using a firewall is one, small portion for defense. Without knowing your setup it is difficult to make recommendations. Keeping it patched, and the configuration as diminutive and tight as possible is almost more important then the 'brand'/'flavor'.
​	Allan: Given the proliferation of phishing as an attack vector for ransomware a firewall alone is not going to protect you. As to whether or not you need a hardware or software one, it depends on how comfortable you are with managing the underlying operating system and how much time you have. I use a hardware firewall at home because I have enough to do at $dayjob that I don’t need the headache of dealing with underlying OS issues on my home firewall.
Is the Anonymous group real, and do they fight for good?	Allan: Anonymous is real. I don’t think they define themselves by good/bad.
​	Bob: They are a real group.
the below is a reply to the above	​
Silly questions aside, in your career what has been the best highlight of your time fighting cybercrime? Is there more the general public can do to help people like you fight against them?	Marc: Probably the hi-light of my career as a cybercrime fighter was watching 2,000 security professionals, law enforcement personnel and other government staff come together to fight cybercriminals attacking hospitals during the pandemic as part of the CTI League.
​	James: For me, it is all about influencing the overall security of the world. There is no other work for me that compares to being able to enable human freedoms and a free exchange of ideas on a global basis.
​	Individuals and companies are constantly protected from threats by altruistic efforts of public and private sector defenders who mostly go nameless and without any fanfare. Getting to sometimes contribute to those efforts is truly rewarding.

submitted by500scndstotabled [link][comments]

2021.11.08 17:54 LBrice978CoinAnalyst $COYX : an artificial intelligence-based big data analytics platform (the 'Platform')

CoinAnalyst Corp. (CSE: COYX) ('CoinAnalyst' or the 'Company') provides an artificial intelligence-based big data analytics platform (the 'Platform') that enables investors in the digital asset sector and other industries to access a custom dashboard. ​ https://preview.redd.it/0m6hz410xdy71.png?width=506&format=png&auto=webp&s=ed924f0ebccef502c81557acf2ed87b74b343e38 So? For those who have always wanted to get involved in Crypto but were understandably too intimidated to try, CoinAnalyst has arrived. ​ https://preview.redd.it/1pu166o3xdy71.png?width=347&format=png&auto=webp&s=b118bf657bb0b24ebec2556f5a17e695557273e5 Equally as valuable to Cryptpros (see how I did that?), the sector growth includes new entrants. Offerings by COYX are scalable, and those savvy traders and investors with little or no knowledge can start with the Academy section opening in Q1 2022. With this professionally led education offering, all levels can learn, unique in the Crypto or any investment product area. The Bloomberg of Crypto (sans the exclusivity) CoinAnalyst is, in simple terms, a data miner. While it provides trade strategy, news and opinion, its platform can also detect scam offerings, which for the experienced trader is a highly nifty feature. In essence, COYX service provides the experienced and neophyte trader the ability to tailor the service to their individual needs, including a fee-based professional trading service which extremely impressive returns to date. ​ https://preview.redd.it/jbpopal8xdy71.png?width=695&format=png&auto=webp&s=060383000491f5374ffee7926540bdd121f6d0e8 Trading is handled through the Copy Trading division. Management seems both competent and trade-oriented, which again is unique in the industry. Previously noted: Salient points evidencing the potential for CoinAnalyst technology: · Crypto users double to 220 million in just the first six months of 2021 · Now 300 million users worldwide · Acceptance by companies approaching 20,000 · Largest crypto owners by population percentage Ukraine 12.75%, Russia 12%, and Venezuela 10.34% · Largest by number of owners; India 100 million, USA 27 million and Russia 17million CoinAnalyst has its token, IEO, which can be exchange-traded or used for COYX services. Rather than drone on, here’s the skinny from coinindex For a unique offering, the first few days saw good two-way trade in the hundreds of 000’s of shares. As t grows, likely see those numbers rise. Trade range relatively tight in the mid-C$ 0.20 field. High of C$0.30 to a low of C$0.18 first day (11/01/21) as it found its level on more than 2 million shares traded the first five days. Oh yes, there’s also a Coin Analyst newsletter with a model portfolio. Sign up and get smarter. No cost and seems worthwhile even for those with only a mild interest. As interest scales up likely required reading. Unlike many tech products/platforms/plans, COYX has extensive appeal and seems to have the beginner up to the seasoned trader in mind. Most critical to investors? The Company exudes inclusion by bringing along newbies with education and providing seasoned traders with news, tools, security, and trading. The lack of pressure is refreshing and bodes well for the long term. submitted byLBrice978to10xPennyStocks [link][comments]

2021.11.03 19:59 SeniorNebulaShould Jews living in Utah do Nittel Nacht on April 6?

submitted bySeniorNebulatoJudaism [link][comments]

2021.10.25 16:47 partypastorUnreached People Group of the Week - the Orang Negeri Minangkabau of Malaysia

Alright folks, welcome back to the UPG of the Week! This week, meet the Orang Negeri Minangkabau of Malaysia. Now, I am not at all going to type that every time, so we will call these people Minang for short.
https://preview.redd.it/hnv6txuaklv71.png?width=425&format=png&auto=webp&s=60099e872358bc44873dc4deac0681c30c908ebc
Index Ranking(Urgency): 91
---
Climate: The climate of West Malaysia, is generally hot and humid (tropical) with a mean temperature of about 26–30 degrees Celsius. Most of the rainfall is experienced during the inter-monsoon periods of April and October. The weather remains generally dry for the rest of the year with occasional showers.
https://preview.redd.it/f94f4ok8olv71.png?width=600&format=png&auto=webp&s=e0244cb06d84fbccd00e22f11b042a0e73929f22
Terrain: Peninsular Malaysia, containing 40 per cent of Malaysia's land area, extends 740 km (460 mi) from north to south, and its maximum width is 322 km (200 mi). It is divided between its east and west coasts by the Titiwangsa Mountains, rising to a peak elevation of 2,183 metres (7,162 ft) at Mount Korbu, part of a series of mountain ranges running down the centre of the peninsula. These mountains are heavily forested, and mainly composed of granite and other igneous rocks. Much of it has been eroded, creating a karst landscape. The range is the origin of some of Peninsular Malaysia's river systems. The coastal plains surrounding the peninsula reach a maximum width of 50 kilometres (31 mi), and the peninsula's coastline is nearly 1,931 km (1,200 mi) long, although harbours are only available on the western side.
A view of the city of Seremban
Environmental Issues: The national statistics showed that the state of some of the Malaysian environment is rather stressful. Urban air quality, river water quality, deforestation, costal reclamation, and endangered species are just a few of the issues in Malaysia.
---
Languages: Malaysia contains speakers of 137 living languages, 41 of which are found in Peninsula Malaysia.
Malay, Baba Malay, Batek, Chitty Malay, Cheq Wong, Duano’, Jah Hut, Jahai, Jakun, Jedek, Kedah Malay, Kelantan-Pattani Malay, Kenaboi, Kensiu, Kintaq, Kristang, Lanoh, Mah Meri, Minriq, Mintil, Mos, Negeri Sembilan Malay, Orang Kanaq, Orang Seletar, Pahang Malay, Perak Malay, Ple-Temer, Rawa Malay, Sabüm, Semai, Semaq Beri, Semelai, Semnam, Southern Thai, Temiar, Temoq, Temuan, Terengganu Malay, Wila', Abai, Bahau, Bajaw, Belait, Berawan, Biatah, Bintulu, Bonggi, Bookan, Bruneian/Kedayan Malay, Brunei Bisaya, Bukar Sadong, Bukitan, Coastal Kadazan, Cocos Malay, Daro-Matu, Dumpas, Dusun, Eastern Kadazan, Gana’, Iban, Ida'an, Iranun, Jagoi, Jangkang, Kajaman, Kalabakan, Kanowit, Kayan, Kelabit, Kendayan, Keningau Murut, Kinabatangan, Kiput, Klias River Kadazan, Kota Marudu Talantang, Kuijau, Lahanan, Lelak, Lengilu, Lotud, Lun Bawang (Lundayeh), Mainstream Kenyah, Maranao, Melanau, Molbog, Momogun, Murik Kayan, Narom, Nonukan Tidong, Okolod, Paluan, Papar, Punan Batu, Remun, Sa'ban, Sabah Bisaya, Sabah Malay, Sama, Sarawak Malay, Sebop, Sebuyau, Sekapan, Selungai Murut, Sembakung, Seru, Serudung, Sian, Suluk, Sungai, Tagol, Timugon, Tombonuwo, Tring, Tringgus, Tutoh, Ukit, Uma’ Lasan, English, Arabic, Bengali, Cantonese, Hainanese, Hakka, Hokchew, Hokkien, Indonesian, Malayalam, Mandarin Chinese, Punjabi, Sinhala, Tamil, Telugu
---
Government Type: Federal parliamentary elective constitutional monarchy
---
https://preview.redd.it/igmr2d0folv71.png?width=200&format=png&auto=webp&s=f63092c73b013f0695b342ac6c3ead61802231c4
Population: 955,000
---
Beliefs: The Minang are 0% Christian. That means out of their population of 955,000, there are likely zero (maybe a handfull) Christians.
The Minang are devout Muslims in spite of their matrilineal heritage. Polygamy is rare within the Minang culture because it conflicts with a pure inheritance line. The aspect of female inheritance and men being unable to take a second wife draws criticism from more fundamental Islamic people groups.
The Minang practice the five pillars of Islam and wear Muslim clothing that is consistent with other Malay groups throughout Malaysia. A large majority of Minang women wear a head covering and the percentage that do not are of the younger generation.
Marriage ceremonies and funerals are in keeping with Islamic tradition and both male and female children are circumcised: boys when they are twelve years old and girls when they are still babies. Only the circumcision of the male is celebrated.
A Minang Bride and Groom
History: The earliest inhabitants of Negeri Sembilan were the ancestors of the Semelai, Semai, Semang, and Jakun peoples, who lived either as hunter-gatherer nomads or as subsistence farmers.
Adityawarman, a follower of Tantric Buddhism with ties to the Singhasari and Majapahit kingdoms of Java, is believed to have founded a kingdom in the Minangkabau highlands at Pagaruyung and ruled between 1347 and 1375. The establishment of a royal system seems to have involved conflict and violence, eventually leading to a division of villages into one of two systems of tradition, Bodi Caniago and Koto Piliang, the latter having overt allegiances to royalty. By the 16th century, the time of the next report after the reign of Adityawarman, royal power had been split into three recognised reigning kings. They were the King of the World (Raja Alam), the King of Adat (Raja Adat), and the King of Religion (Raja Ibadat), and collectively they were known as the Kings of the Three Seats (Rajo Tigo Selo). The Minangkabau kings were charismatic or magical figures, but did not have much authority over the conduct of village affairs.
The Minangkabaus from Sumatra settled in what is today Negeri Sembilan in the 15th century under the protection of the Malacca Sultanate, and later under the protection of its successor, the Sultanate of Johor. They also brought their matrilineal custom, known as Adat Perpatih, with them and made it the local custom. The Linggi River was used as one of the main trade routes since the time of the Malacca Sultanate.
As Johor weakened in the 18th century, attacks by the Bugis forced the Minangkabaus to seek protection from their homeland. The Minangkabau ruler, Sultan Abdul Jalil, obliged by sending his near relative, Raja Melewar. When he arrived, he found that another royal, Raja Khatib had already established himself as ruler. He declared war against Raja Khatib and became the ruler of Negeri Sembilan. The Sultan of Johor confirmed his position by granting the title Yamtuan Seri Menanti (He Who is Highest Lord of the Seri Menanti) in 1773.
Negeri Sembilan, at the time of Raja Melewar's accession, covered a larger area than its modern-day boundaries. Besides the entirety of modern Negeri Sembilan, it also covered parts of what is today Selangor, Melaka, Pahang and Johor. The original nine chiefdoms or domains in 1773 that gave Negeri Sembilan its name are namely Sungai Ujong, Jelebu, Rembau, Johol, Jelai, Ulu Pahang, Naning, Segamat and Klang. The latter four chiefdoms were annexed into neighbouring states in the 19th century. Naning was annexed into the Straits Settlement of Melaka in 1832 following the Naning War; Ulu Pahang became Bera region of Pahang, Segamat annexed into Johor and Klang became Kuala Langat region of Selangor.
After Raja Melewar's death, a series of disputes arose over the succession. For a considerable period, the local nobles applied to the Minangkabau ruler in Sumatra for a ruler. However, competing interests supported different candidates, often resulting in instability and civil war.
In 1874, the British intervened militarily in a leadership tussle in Sungai Ujong to preserve British economic interests, and placed the domain under the control of a British Resident. Jelebu followed in 1883 and Rembau in 1887. The formation of modern Negeri Sembilan began in 1889, when the Seri Menanti domain, under the rule of Tuanku Muhammad (son of Yamtuan Antah), combined with the domains of Tampin and Rembau, forming the Seri Menanti Confederation as a single political entity. The domains of Sungai Ujong and Jelebu joined this confederation in 1895, forming the state of Negeri Sembilan in its modern borders. Martin Lister became the new state's first Resident, and Negeri Sembilan became part of the Federated Malay States the same year.
The number of states within Negeri Sembilan has fluctuated over the years, the federation now consists of six states and a number of sub-states under their suzerainty.
Negeri Sembilan endured Japanese occupation in World War II between 1942 and 1945, joined the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and became a state of Malaysia in 1963.
Minang Chiefs ~1910-1930
Culture:Typical qualification that all people groups can't be summed up in small paragraphs and this is an over generalization.
Minangkabau have large corporate descent groups, but they traditionally reckon descent matrilineally. A young boy, for instance, has his primary responsibility to his mother's and sisters' clans. It is considered 'customary' and ideal for married sisters to remain in their parental home, with their husbands having a sort of visiting status. Not everyone lives up to this ideal, however. In the 1990s, anthropologist Evelyn Blackwood studied a relatively conservative village in Sumatra Barat where only about 22 percent of the households were 'matrihouses', consisting of a mother and a married daughter or daughters. Nonetheless, there is a shared ideal among Minangkabau in which sisters and unmarried lineage members try to live close to one another or even in the same house.
Landholding is one of the crucial functions of the suku (female lineage unit). Because Minangkabau men, like Acehnese men, often migrate to seek experience, wealth, and commercial success, the women's kin group is responsible for maintaining the continuity of the family and the distribution and cultivation of the land. These family groups, however, are typically led by a penghulu (headman), elected by groups of lineage leaders. With the agrarian base of the Minangkabau economy in decline, the suku—as a landholding unit—has also been declining somewhat in importance, especially in urban areas. Indeed, the position of penghulu is not always filled after the death of the incumbent, particularly if lineage members are not willing to bear the expense of the ceremony required to install a new penghulu.
The Minangkabau (in short Minang) are also known for their devotion to Islam. A dominant majority of both males and females pray five times a day, fast during the month of Ramadan, and express the desire to make the holy pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca at least once in their lifetime. Each Minangkabau neighbourhood has a Musalla, which means “a temporary place of prayer” in Arabic but in Indonesia simply means a mosque. In the neighbourhood Musalla, men and women pray together, although separated into their respective gender-designated sections. A high percentage of women and girls wear the headscarf.
As early as the age of 7, boys traditionally leave their homes and live in a surau (traditionally: the house of men of a village where the boys learn from older men reading, reciting qur'an, simple math, and other survival skills) to learn religious and cultural (adat) teachings. At the surau during night time (after the Isyak prayers), these youngsters are taught the traditional Minankabau art of self-defence, which is Silek, or Silat in Malay. When they are teenagers, they are encouraged to leave their hometown to learn from schools or from experiences out of their hometown so that when they are adults they can return home wise and 'useful' for the society and can contribute their thinking and experience to run the family or nagari (hometown) when they sit as the member of 'council of uncles'. This tradition has created Minang communities in many Indonesian cities and towns, which nevertheless are still tied closely to their homeland; a state in Malaysia named Negeri Sembilan especially is heavily influenced by Minang culture because Negeri Sembilan was originally Minangkabau's colony. By acquiring property and education through merantau experience, a young man can attempt to influence his own destiny in positive ways.
Increasingly, married couples go off on merantau; in such situations, the woman's role tends to change. When married couples reside in urban areas or outside the Minangkabau region and a Minang woman marries a non-Minang man, the woman will rely on the protection provided by the husband more than that of her council of uncles. Because in Minang culture marriage is merely a 'commitment of two people' and not at all a 'union', there is no stigma attached to divorce. The Minangkabau were prominent among the intellectual figures in the Indonesian independence movement. Not only were they strongly embedded themselves surrounding Islamic traditions – which counteracted the influence of the Protestant Dutch – they also had a sense of cultural pride just as like every other Sumatran especially with their traditional belief of egalitarianism of 'Standing as tall, sitting as low' (that no body stand or sit on an increased stage). They also speak a language closely related to the Malay variant spoken in newly formed Indonesia, which was considerably freer of hierarchical connotations than Javanese. The tradition of merantau also meant that the Minangkabau developed a cosmopolitan bourgeoisie that readily adopted and promoted the ideas of an emerging nation-state. Due to their culture that stresses the importance of learning, Minang people are over-represented in the educated professions in Indonesia, with many ministers from Minang.
Minangkabau, who make up about 3 percent of Indonesia's roughly 270 million people, are conservative. In daily life women and men occupy roles that to Western eyes smack of inequality—women rule the domestic roost while men hold all positions of political and religious leadership. Yet both genders say that they value those roles, and each other, equally.
Adat derives in part from the ancient animist and buddhist belief system of the Minangkabau, which existed before the arrival of Islam to Sumatra. When precisely the religion spread across the island and was adopted by the Minangkabau is unclear, though it probably arrived in West Sumatra around the 16th century. It is adat that guides matrilineal inheritance, and though it seems that such a tradition might conflict with the precepts of Islam, the Minangnese insist that it does not. To accommodate both, the Minangkabau make a distinction between high and low inheritance. “High inheritance” is the property, including the home and land, which passes among women. “Low inheritance” is what a father passes to his children out of his professional earnings. This latter inheritance follows Islamic law, a complex system which dictates, in part, that sons get twice as much as daughters.
---

• Ask the Lord to call full-time Christian workers who are willing to go to Malaysia and share Christ with the Minang.
• Ask God to strengthen, encourage, and protect the small number of Malay Christians so that they may go and share the Gospel with the Minang.
• Ask the Holy Spirit to soften their hearts toward Christians, so that they will be receptive to the gospel.
• Ask the Lord to raise up a strong church among Minang.
• Pray that Minang will come to know Jesus as God's Son and Savior of the world.
• Pray for the Georgians, especially those in Athens who are filled with pride and desperately need the Gospel and the humility of Christ.
• Pray for our nation (the United States), that we Christians can learn to come alongside our hurting brothers and sisters and learn to carry one another's burdens in a more Christlike manner than we have done historically.
• Pray that in this time of chaos and panic that the needs of the unreached are not forgotten by the church. Pray that our hearts continue to ache to see the unreached hear the Good News.

Brothers, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for them is that they may be saved. (Romans 10:1)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Here are the previous weeks threads on the UPG of the Week for Reformed

People Group	Country	Continent	Date Posted	Beliefs
Orang Negeri Minangkabau	Malaysia	Asia	10/25/2021	Islam
Brunei Malay	Brunei	Asia	10/18/2021	Islam
Crimean Tatars	Ukraine*	Europe*	10/11/2021	Islam
Khmer	Cambodia	Asia	10/04/2021	Buddhism
Muong	Vietnam	Asia	09/27/2021	Animsim
Afar	Djibouti	Africa	09/20/2021	Islam
Ngalong	Bhutan	Asia	09/13/2021	Buddhism*
Tajik	Afghanistan	Asia	09/06/2021	Islam
Pashayi	Afghanistan	Asia	08/30/2021	Islam
Hazara	Afghanistan	Asia	08/23/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Afghanistan	Asia	08/16/2021	Islam
Saharawi	Western Sahara	Africa	08/09/2021	Islam
Hijazi Arabs	Saudi Arabia	Asia	08/02/2021	Islam
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijan	Asia	07/26/2021	Islam
Shaikh	India	Asia	07/19/2021	Islam
Druze	Lebanon	Asia	07/12/2021	Druze
Eastern Aleut	Russia	Asia	06/28/2021	Animism
Al-Muhamasheen	Yemen	Asia	06/21/2021	Islam
Koreans	North Korea	Asia	06/14/2021	Nonreligious
Palestinians	Israel	Asia	06/07/2021	Islam
Kumyk	Turkey	Asia	05/31/2021	Islam
Tujia	China	Asia	05/24/2021	Animism
Jebala	Morocco	Africa	05/17/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Pakistan	Asia	05/10/2021	Islam
Salar	China	Asia	05/03/2021	Islam
Algerians	Algeria	Africa	04/26/2021	Islam
Sasak	Indonesia	Asia	04/19/2021	Islam
Senoufo	Mali	Africa	04/12/2021	Islam/Animism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	04/05/2021	Buddhism
Adi Dravida	India	Asia	03/29/2021	Hinduism
Northern Khmer	Thailand	Asia	03/22/2021	Buddhism
Balinese	Indonesia	Asia	03/15/2021	Hinduism
Central Kurd	Iraq	Asia	03/08/2021	Islam
Brahmin Hill	Nepal	Asia	03/01/2021	Hinduism
Bosniaks	Bosnia	Europe	02/22/2021	Islam
Guhayna	Sudan	Africa	02/15/2021	Islam
Laz	Georgia	Europe	02/08/2021	Islam
Bambara	Mali	Africa	02/01/2021	Islam/Animism
Darkhad	Mongolia	Asia	01/25/2021	Animism
South Ucayali Asheninka	Peru	South America	01/18/2021	Animism
Moroccan Arabs	Morocco	Africa	01/11/2021	Islam
Gulf Bedouin	United Arab Emirates	Asia	01/04/2021	Islam
Sinhalese	Australia	Oceania	12/28/2020	Buddhism
Rohingya	Myanmar	Asia	12/21/2020	Islam
Bosniak	Slovenia	Europe	12/14/2020	Islam
Palestinian Arabs	West Bank	Asia	12/07/2020	Islam
Larke	Nepal	Asia	11/30/2020	Buddhist
Korean (Reached People Group)	South Korea	Asia	11/23/2020	Christian
Qashqa'i	Iran	Asia	11/16/2020	Islam
Saaroa	Taiwan	Asia	11/02/2020	Animism (?)
Urdu	Ireland	Europe	10/26/2020	Islam
Wolof	Senegal	Africa	10/19/2020	Islam
Turkish Cypriot	Cyprus	Europe	10/12/2020	Islam
Awjilah	Libya	Africa	10/05/2020	Islam
Manihar	India	Asia	09/28/2020	Islam
Tianba	China	Asia	09/21/2020	Animism
Arab	Qatar	Asia	09/14/2020	Islam
Turkmen	Turkmenistan	Asia	08/31/2020	Islam
Lyuli	Uzbekistan	Asia	08/24/2020	Islam
Kyrgyz	Kyrgyzstan	Asia	08/17/2020	Islam*
Yakut	Russia	Asia	08/10/2020	Animism*
Northern Katang	Laos	Asia	08/03/2020	Animism
Uyghur	Kazakhstan	Asia	07/27/2020	Islam
Syrian (Levant Arabs)	Syria	Asia	07/20/2020	Islam
Teda	Chad	Africa	07/06/2020	Islam
Kotokoli	Togo	Africa	06/28/2020	Islam
Hobyot	Oman	Asia	06/22/2020	Islam
Moor	Sri Lanka	Asia	06/15/2020	Islam
Shaikh	Bangladesh	Asia	06/08/2020	Islam
Khalka Mongols	Mongolia	Asia	06/01/2020	Animism
Comorian	France	Europe	05/18/2020	Islam
Bedouin	Jordan	Asia	05/11/2020	Islam
Muslim Thai	Thailand	Asia	05/04/2020	Islam
Nubian	Uganda	Africa	04/27/2020	Islam
Kraol	Cambodia	Asia	04/20/2020	Animism
Tay	Vietnam	Asia	04/13/2020	Animism
Yoruk	Turkey	Asia	04/06/2020	Islam
Xiaoliangshn Nosu	China	Asia	03/30/2020	Animism
Jat (Muslim)	Pakistan	Asia	03/23/2020	Islam
Beja Bedawi	Egypt	Africa	03/16/2020	Islam
Tunisian Arabs	Tunisia	Africa	03/09/2020	Islam
Yemeni Arab	Yemen	Asia	03/02/2020	Islam
Bosniak	Croatia	Europe	02/24/2020	Islam
Azerbaijani	Georgia	Europe	02/17/2020	Islam
Zaza-Dimli	Turkey	Asia	02/10/2020	Islam
Huichol	Mexico	North America	02/03/2020	Animism
Kampuchea Krom	Cambodia	Asia	01/27/2020	Buddhism
Lao Krang	Thailand	Asia	01/20/2020	Buddhism
Gilaki	Iran	Asia	01/13/2020	Islam
Uyghurs	China	Asia	01/01/2020	Islam
Israeli Jews	Israel	Asia	12/18/2019	Judaism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	12/11/2019	Buddhism
Malay	Malaysia	Asia	12/04/2019	Islam
Lisu (Reached People Group)	China	Asia	11/27/2019	Christian
Dhobi	India	Asia	11/20/2019	Hinduism
Burmese	Myanmar	Asia	11/13/2019	Buddhism
Minyak Tibetans	China	Asia	11/06/2019	Buddhism
Yazidi	Iraq	Asia	10/30/2019	Animism*
Turks	Turkey	Asia	10/23/2019	Islam
Kurds	Syria	Asia	10/16/2019	Islam
Kalmyks	Russia	Asia	10/09/2019	Buddhism
Luli	Tajikistan	Asia	10/02/2019	Islam
Japanese	Japan	Asia	09/25/2019	Shintoism
Urak Lawoi	Thailand	Asia	09/18/2019	Animism
Kim Mun	Vietnam	Asia	09/11/2019	Animism
Tai Lue	Laos	Asia	09/04/2019	Bhuddism
Sundanese	Indonesia	Asia	08/28/2019	Islam
Central Atlas Berbers	Morocco	Africa	08/21/2019	Islam
Fulani	Nigeria	Africa	08/14/2019	Islam
Sonar	India	Asia	08/07/2019	Hinduism
Pattani Malay	Thailand	Asia	08/02/2019	Islam
Thai	Thailand	Asia	07/26/2019	Buddhism
Baloch	Pakistan	Asia	07/19/2019	Islam
Alawite	Syria	Asia	07/12/2019	Islam*
Huasa	Cote d'Ivoire	Africa	06/28/2019	Islam
Chhetri	Nepal	Asia	06/21/2019	Hinduism
Beja	Sudan	Africa	06/14/2019	Islam
Yinou	China	Asia	06/07/2019	Animism
Kazakh	Kazakhstan	Asia	05/31/2019	Islam
Hui	China	Asia	05/24/2019	Islam
Masalit	Sudan	Africa	05/17/2019	Islam

As always, if you have experience in this country or with this people group, feel free to comment or let me know and I will happily edit it so that we can better pray for these peoples!
Here is a list of definitions in case you wonder what exactly I mean by words like 'Unreached'.
Here is a list of missions organizations that reach out to the world to do missions for the Glory of God.
submitted bypartypastortoReformed [link][comments]

2021.10.20 05:29 khaledbiWise.com Review 2021 (Wise is a world-class option and the cheapest way to transfer money internationally)

You live abroad and one of the things that worries you most is economic problems such as: How to make international bank transfers? Which bank account to open? Wise is one of the best options on the market that answers both questions.
Wise processes global bank transfers without hidden fees, exchange rate differences, or last-minute surprises. And you can even have real bank accounts with them in several countries for different currencies.
Here, we show you exactly how to get the most out of Wise and most importantly, how to start saving on your international bank transfers and have a real SEPA bank account or even a real bank account in the United States. Also, you’re going to learn about the virtual bank’s weaknesses or under which conditions the service might not be the best choice to use for bank transfers. Let’s start with the strengths of Wise:
5 Reasons To Use Wise?
After a couple of months of using Wise to send money abroad, I consider it one of the best ways to make international transfers for the following reasons:

• Transparency: They apply the real and exact exchange rate (mid-market range, the one that appears in Google). You will know exactly how much money you will send and how much money the recipient will receive.
• Speed: The recipient will receive the transfer much faster than with the traditional bank. Transfers within the European Union arrive on the same day. From the first moment, you will know exactly when the person to whom you are sending the money receives it.
• Savings: Only one fair and transparent commission.
• Security: Wise is an officially regulated financial institution in the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world. The overall opinions are excellent overall.
• Comfort: As simple as making a transfer in a few seconds or online purchase with your credit card.

Wise: Making Economic International Transfers
When you wanted to send money from any European Euro account to the United Kingdom (GBP account), banks always apply incorrect exchange rates, so customers lose a lot of money that way… In addition, they are used to apply unfairly hidden commissions.
In the case of Wise, you make a transfer to your euro account, they apply the exact exchange rate for the day and make a transfer from your bank account to the final bank account. Here, instead of one international transfer, there are two transfers in the same currency.
The customer knows transparently and accurately the amount in Euros to be sent and the amount in Pounds to be received. No hidden costs or last-minute surprises.
Transfer Comparison: Wise vs. Banks
Here is an example, a 1000€ transfer from my German bank account (€) to my British bank account (pounds):
(the comparison was made with one of the leading banks in Germany)
As you will appreciate, today it is much more cost-effective to make our international transfers with online platforms such as Wise, at least up to a certain amount.
The key point to saving is not so much in management fees, but rather in the foreign exchange rate, which makes a huge difference. In our example, the amount to save would be 45 €.

In short, the traditional banking system has become obsolete.

How To Make An International TransferStep By Step Guide: Send Money
1. Go to Wiseand register.
2. Enter the quantity to be sent. Choose the currency in which you send the money and the currency in which you receive the money. Then choose the amount you want to send or the amount you want to receive.
When you enter the amount on one side, the other side automatically appears with the estimated official exchange rate of the day. If the actual exchange rate is lower than the estimated, the difference is refunded to your bank account.
3. Fill in the recipient’s bank details. You have two options: the IBAN and the BIC of the recipient (For more information, go to the end of the post) or select the option with which the recipient receives an email from Wise.
In cases where the recipient does not want to give them, he can inform them himself. This is done automatically at the time of the transfer.
4. Make the payment. We have three options to do this:
(Don’t worry, Wise is 100% safe in all three options)
a) By credit card. This is the simplest method, all you have to do is enter your debit or credit card details and make the payment at Wise as you would for online purchase.
Keep your mobile phone handy as banks usually ask for a confirmation code that they send by SMS. The limit for making a card payment is £10.000 in the United Kingdom (0.69% fee applies with business cards) and €2500 for the Euro Zone (1.65% fee with business cards).
b) By bank transfer. You must make a transfer from your bank to the Wise account by entering the code provided in the “reference” or “concept” part of the transfer.
Once the transfer has been made, click on “I have already sent the money to Wise”. As soon as Wise receives the money, you will automatically receive an email indicating the date of execution of the transfer. You will be able to track the status of the transfer online via the Web by entering your reference number.
5. Transfer made! Finally, you and the recipient will receive an email as soon as the transfer is made and the money available on the recipient’s account. This email specifies the following:

• The official exchange rate used (the official rate on the day of conversion)
• The commission charged by Wise (attention, the first one is free!)
• Confirmation that the recipient has been notified by mail
• In this case, the exchange rate was finally lower so we explain that we returned the difference (£2.72) to you on the bank account from which you sent the money. The refund will have the reference indicated.

Now you can see why the comments or opinions on Wise are so positive. It is simply a revolution for the international banking system. It is therefore very easy to know how to use Wise and start saving in commissions.
New: Sending Money to China
Wise recently introduced their new payout option for transfers to China: Now users can payout CNY to AliPay IDs, which is a great step on their path to enable transfers all over the globe.
Wise Prices, Fees and Commissions
Although Wise does not charge any type of administration fees or additional on the exchange rate, as explained above, they do charge a minimal management fee to make the transfer. This fee is round about 0.5% of the transfer amount.
At present, they do not receive a minimum commission of £2 for most destinations in the United Kingdom. This is something that had made small transfers expensive. There are now fixed transfer fees with a percentage commission of up to 50 pence.
So this FinTech service offers a cheap and transparent way to make our bank transfers, finally, we get away from the abusive fees charged by traditional banks. For example, for a transfer of 1000 €, the possibility of having 60 € in bank charges is over.
In fact, the reality is that no exchange office in London or any other city in the United Kingdom have such low rates, so if you are going to live in the United Kingdom for a long time, I advise you to open a British bank account and transfer your money via Wise.
Caution: Large Transfers with Wise
The small transaction fees the transfer service charges makes sense for transfer amounts up to a certain limit. Above that limit, transfers with traditional banks can actually again be cheaper. The limit to which Wise makes sense can easily be calculated:
Let’s say a normal bank transfer would cost you 60€. So what’s the amount of which 60€ would be 0.5%? It’s 12.000€. So you could send 12k with Wise and also pay 60€ for the transfer. With a traditional bank, the 60€ will usually stay the same, no matter if you transfer 1.000€ or 100.000€. With Wise, you still pay 0.5% of 100.000€, which would be 500€. So be aware that larger Transfers are extremely expensive with this FinTech, while smaller transfers are super cheap.
Wise Currencies
Wise can send and receive transfers in the following currencies:

• EUR – Euro – European Union
• GBP – Pound Sterling – United Kingdom
• USD – United States Dollar – United States
• AUD – Australian Dollar – Australia.
• CHF – Swiss Franc – Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
• CAD – Canadian Dollar – Canada.
• PLN – Polish Esloti – Poland.
• SEK – Swedish Krona – Sweden.
• NOK – Norwegian krone – Norway.
• DKK – Danish krone – Denmark.
• HUF – Hungarian forint – Hungary.
• CZK – Czech Koruna – Czech Republic.
• BGN – Lev Bulgare – Bulgaria.
• RON – Romanian leu – Romania.
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand
• SGD – Singapore Dollar – Singapore
• HKR – Croatian Kuna – Croatia
• BRL – Brazilian Real – Brazil
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar
• JPY – Yen – Japan
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and Northern Chipre

Wise can only make domestic transfers in the following currencies:

• INR – Indian Rupee – India
• CLP – Chilean Peso – Chile
• NZD – New Zealand Dollar – New Zealand.
• GEL – Georgian Lari – Georgia
• HKD – Hong Kong Dollar – to Hong Kong.
• MYR – Malaysian Ringgit – Malaysia.
• PHP – Philippine Peso – Philippines.
• PKR – Pakistani Rupee – Pakistan.
• MAD – Moroccan Dirham – Morocco
• THB – Thai baht – Thailand
• AED – dirham de EAU – EAU
• UAH – Ukrainian hryvna – Ukraine
• TRY – Turkish lira – Turkey and northern Cyprus
• IDR – Indonesian Rupee – Indonesia
• COP – Colombian Peso – Colombia
• MXN – Mexican Peso – Mexico
• RUB – Russian Ruble – Russia
• KRW – South Korean won – South Korea
• CNY – Chinese Yuan – China
• LKR – Sri Lanka Rupee – Sri Lanka
• BDT – Taka from Bangladesh – Bangladesh
• VND – Vietnamese Dong – Vietnam
• ARS – Argentine Peso – Argentina
• EGP – Egyptian Pound – Egypt
• GHS – Cedi of Ghana – Ghana
• ILS – Israeli Rupee – Israel
• KES – Kenyan Shillings – in Kenya
• NGN – Nigerian Naira – Nigeria
• NPR – Nepal Rupees – Nepal – Nepal
• PEN – New Peruvian Sun – in Peru

For now, here are the accepted currencies, but for more information and updates here, access here.
Excluded Countries:
The following countries are generally excluded from Wise services:
Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Burundi, Congo Republic, Chad, Cuba, Crimea (sub-territory), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Iran, Eritrea, North Korea, Somalia, Sevastopol (city), Republic of South Sudan, Sudan, State of Libya, Syrian Arab Republic, Territories of the United States, Yemen and Venezuela.
Is Wise Safe?
Yes, Wise is very safe. It is a financial entity officially regulated by the economic institutions of the European Union, the United States, and dozens of countries around the world.
Wise started as a “Startup” by the creators of Paypal and Skype and is today one of the most important companies in the FinTech world. All this success would not have been possible without the safety of the service. A single mistake followed by a bad comment and, nowadays with the Internet, this opinion will have destroyed the company.
At Wise, they know their strengths: price and security, which is why they take it very seriously. And, of course, they are authorized by the FCA (Financial Conduct Authority) in the United Kingdom under the Electronic Money Regulations 2011, with Firm Reference 900507.
Another plus, its customer service is excellent. Available 24 hours a day and in French, so if a problem occurs, it is solved instantly.
Finally, note that you will have written confirmation of the transfer from the beginning with detailed information (the amount sent, the sender and the recipient, the exchange rate applied, the amount to be received in the other currency, etc.)
In short, when asked if Wise is safe, the answer is yes, and the security is equal to or better than any other financial institution.
How Long Does It Take To Receive The Money?
Sending money with Wise is much faster than conventional bank transfers. Transfers usually take no more than two days and arrive on the same day (a few hours). It all depends on the payment method you use (bank transfer or credit card)
That being said, from the beginning, you will know exactly when the recipient will receive your money.
Request A Transfer With Wise
Sometimes we need a transfer from France (bank account in Euros) to our British bank account. For example, when your parents send you money while you are studying in Liverpool.
That’s why the “Request Money” option is very useful. You put the amount you are asking for, the concept of payment (university fees, for example), and the account where you want to receive the money.
And here you are, now you get a link that you will share with the other person by email and when you click on it, you will be able to pay online, in your local currency, with your credit card (as if you were buying online). How could it not have been invented before!

• On Wise, click on “Request money”
• Select the amount and bank account
• Send the link to the other person (below what they will see)

IBAN / BIC
The IBAN and BIC are the contact details that allow you to identify your international accounts, so that each country, even if it has a different format of account number, serves to homogenize these details.

• The BIC (Bank Identifier Code) or SWIFT is the code of your bank. Each bank has its own code to be identified. The bank and the country of its headquarters are identified in its eleven alphanumeric digits. For example, for a ING account in Amsterdam, this would be: INGBNL2AXXX
• The IBAN is the international bank account code. It is just an alphanumeric sequence that allows us to identify someone’s bank account in a financial institution. For example, if your account is in the Netherlands, it will be something with NL at the beginning: NL12 3456 6789 10 1231314113.

You can calculate your BIC and IBAN, for example at: https://www.iban.com/calculate-iban
Wise In The United Kingdom (UK)
And yes, Wise is available in the United Kingdom, where it has established itself in recent years as one of the most cost-effective ways to send money abroad, especially when exchanging euros for sterling.
In the United Kingdom, all bank accounts with an IBAN starting with GB are included, as well as those starting with GI and belonging to Gibraltar. Remember that the Channel Islands are also included without any restrictions.
When we use Wise in England and the United Kingdom, the vast majority of shipments are made on the same business day until 5 pm, but it may take up to two business days for exceptional reasons.
Remember that in the UK, bank accounts are 22 characters long and consist of letters and numbers. The account number is only eight digits long.
Wise In France – How To Make An International Transfer
Without a doubt, France has become one of Wise’s main markets where, since its creation, Wise has become the most economical method for making international transfers with currency changes.
In France, all bank accounts whose IBAN begins with FR are included, therefore accounts residing overseas are included.
When you use Wise in France, most shipments are made on the same day (business day) if they are made before 5 pm but may be delayed up to 2 business days for special reasons.
Remember that in France bank accounts have 11 numeric characters.
First Free Bank Transfer With Wise?
No, you will pay a small commission that you will know transparently and accurately from the first moment.
It is true that a few years ago, Wise launched an advertising campaign offering their service or the first transfer was free. Now, since they have managed to lower the prices even further: we only pay a small amount.
In order to achieve such a competitive price, it was necessary to do without promotions such as the first free transfer.
It should not be forgotten that today, Wise remains the cheapest method of sending money abroad, and whose cost is 8 times lower than that of any traditional bank.
Opinions On Wise
I discovered Wise in its early days when almost no one knew it. The truth is that at the time of my first transfer the doubt was there, even more so at the time when money and internet was not yet 100% reliable.
The fact is that since I first used it, I have regretted not having discovered it before. How much money I was able to give to the banks! My opinion on Wise is very positive. Now I use it constantly and have never had any problems.
I don’t know anyone who has had a single problem and all the opinions on Wise on Trust Pilot are positive. Anyway, any questions you may have, call them, they will help you in French and with a smile.
Wise Review Conclusion
As you can see, Wise is a very interesting option for all those who live abroad: it is fast, simple, you save a lot of money in commissions and exchange rates, that is to say: without losing a single cent.

Dating In The Dark Episode Recap

It also helps us to have a bank account and make the most of it by receiving our salary, taking money from ATMs, or making purchases.
Go to Wiseand register.
submitted bykhaledbitomoneytransfer [link][comments]

2021.10.18 17:35 partypastorUnreached People Group of the Week - Brunei Malay of Brunei

Okay, who is ready for another 4 upvotes? Welcome back to the UPG of the week, where I spend a half hour researching and no one reads this! /s.... mostly. Anyways, meet the Brunei Malay, who I realized I had never covered their nation so here we are!
for those who didnt know where it was on a map
Index Ranking(Urgency): 86
---
Climate: The climate in Brunei is tropical equatorial and humid subtropical at higher altitudes with heavy rainfall. The municipality of Bandar Seri Begawan's climate is tropical equatorial with two seasons. Dry season is extremely hot (24 to 36 °C or 75.2 to 96.8 °F). Wet or rainy season is generally warm and wet (20 to 28 °C or 68.0 to 82.4 °F). Most of the country is a flat coastal plain with mountains in the east and hilly lowland in the west. The lowest point is at sea level and the highest is Bukit Pagon (1,850 m or 6,070 ft). Brunei also experiences typhoons and flooding.
https://preview.redd.it/b25q1gvhz7u71.png?width=1200&format=png&auto=webp&s=0858a47426a59c3e92502bbeb2a2b01162c20fef
Terrain: The terrain is a flat coastal plain that rises to mountainous in the east and hilly lowlands in the west. While earthquakes are quite rare, Brunei is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Most of Brunei is within the Borneo lowland rain forests ecoregion, which covers most of the island. Areas of mountain rain forests are located inland.
---
Environmental Issues: Although to date Brunei Darussalam has no major environmental pollution problems, it is realized that proper management of the quality of the environment is essential in view of population growth, urbanization and economic development. Air pollution control is now a growing concern in Brunei.
---
Languages: Malay, Brunei Malay, Kedayan, Tutong, Belait, Dusun, Bisaya, Murut, Iban, Arabic, English, Chinese, Nepali, Tamil, other Indian languages,
---
Government Type: Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy
---
https://preview.redd.it/gh4wa8sqw7u71.png?width=169&format=png&auto=webp&s=18be004943fd3d1024b2e607ee804de9ce55cefe
Population: 186,000
---
Beliefs: The Brunei Malay are only 0.5% Christian. That means out of their population of 186,000 there are likely only around 930 faithful believers. Thats roughly 1 in 500.
All Brunei Malay are classified as Muslims at birth; they are exclusively Shafi Sunnis Muslims. The Brunei Malay people adhere to traditional Islamic practices and beliefs. It is estimated that Brunei has more mosques per square kilometer than any other country in the world. Their religion is based on the five pillars of Islamic faith. They affirm there is no god but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet. They are required to pray five times a day, give alms to the poor, fast during the month of Ramadan, and try to make at least one pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca.
Many of the Brunei Malay groups characterize their entire people group as being Muslim. This classification, however, is more of a cultural distinction than a characterization of individual beliefs. Individual beliefs will often be influenced by tribal religions of their ancestors.
Ahmad Tajuddin, the 27th Sultan of Brunei, with members of his court in April 1941, eight months before the Japanese invaded Brunei
History: The settlement known as Vijayapura was a vassal-state to the Buddhist Srivijaya empire and was thought to be located in Borneo's Northwest which flourished in the 7th Century. This alternate Srivijaya referring to Brunei, was known to Arabic sources as 'Sribuza'. The Arabic author Al Ya'akubi writing in 800 recorded that the kingdom of Musa (Muja, which is old Brunei) was in alliance with the kingdom of Mayd (Either Ma-i or Madja-as in the Philippines), against the Chinese Empire which they waged war against.
In the 14th century, the Javanese manuscript Nagarakretagama, written by Prapanca in 1365, mentioned Barune as the constituent state of Hindu Majapahit, which had to make an annual tribute of 40 katis of camphor. In 1369, Sulu which was also formerly part of Majapahit, had successfully rebelled and then attacked Boni, and had invaded the Northeast Coast of Borneo and afterwards had looted the capital of its treasure and gold including sacking two sacred pearls. A fleet from Majapahit succeeded in driving away the Sulus, but Boni was left weaker after the attack. A Chinese report from 1371 described Boni as poor and totally controlled by Majapahit.
During the 15th century, Boni had seceded from Majapahit and then converted to Islam. Thus transforming into the independent Sultanate of Brunei. Brunei became a Hashemite state when she allowed the Arab Emir of Mecca, Sharif Ali, to become her third sultan. Scholars claim that the power of the Sultanate of Brunei was at its peak between the 15th and 17th centuries, with its power extending from northern Borneo to the southern Philippines (Sulu) and even in the northern Philippines (Manila) which Brunei incorporated via territorial acquisition accomplished through royal marriages. For political reasons, the historical rulers of Maynila maintained close cognatic ties through intermarriage with the ruling houses of the Sultanate of Brunei, but Brunei's political influence over Maynila is not considered to have extended to military or political rule. Intermarriage was a common strategy for large thalassocratic states (maritime states) such as Brunei to extend their influence, and for local rulers such as those of Maynila to help strengthen their family claims to nobility. Sultan Bolkiah had extended Brunei's power to its greatest extent when it conquered Manila and Sulu as he even attempted but failed to conquer the Visayas islands even though Sultan Bolkiah was half-Visayan himself being descended from a Visayan mother and he was famously known as Sultan Ragam 'The Singing Captain', his powerful musical voice was a trait he inherited from his Visayan lineage since Visayans were culturally obsessed with singing, with the best Visayan singers often also being members of their warrior castes too. (note: this is weird, idk what to do with this)
Brunei briefly rose to prominence in Southeast Asia when the Portuguese occupied Malacca and thereby forced the wealthy and powerful but displaced Muslim refugees there to relocate to nearby Sultanates such as Aceh and Brunei. The Bruneian Sultan then intervened in a territorial conflict between Hindu Tondo and Muslim Manila in the Philippines by appointing the Bruneian descended Rajah Ache of Manila as admiral of the Bruneian navy in a rivalry against Tondo and as the enforcer of Bruneian interests in the Philippines. He subsequently encountered the Magellan expedition wherein Antonio Pigafetta noted that under orders from his grandfather the Sultan of Brunei, Ache had previously sacked the Buddhist city of Loue in Southwest Borneo for being faithful to the old religion and rebelling against the authority of Sultanate. However, European influence gradually brought an end to Brunei's regional power, as Brunei entered a period of decline compounded by internal strife over royal succession. In the face of these invasions by European Christian powers, the Ottoman Caliphate aided the beleaguered Southeast Asian Sultanates by making Aceh a protectorate and sending expeditions to reinforce, train and equip the local mujahideen. Turks were routinely migrating to Brunei as evidenced by the complaints of Manila Oidor Melchor Davalos who in his 1585 report, say that Turks were coming to Sumatra, Borneo and Ternate every year, including defeated veterans from the Battle of Lepanto. The presence of Turks assisting Brunei against Habsburg Spain, makes the subsequent Castille War a part of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars.
Spain declared war in 1578, planning to attack and capture Kota Batu, Brunei's capital at the time. This was based in part on the assistance of two Bruneian noblemen, Pengiran Seri Lela and Pengiran Seri Ratna. The former had travelled to Manila, then the centre of the Spanish colony. Manila itself was captured from Brunei, Christianised and made a territory of the Viceroyalty of New Spain which was centered in Mexico City. Pengiran Seri Lela came to offer Brunei as a tributary to Spain for help to recover the throne usurped by his brother, Saiful Rijal. The Spanish agreed that if they succeeded in conquering Brunei, Pengiran Seri Lela would be appointed as the sultan, while Pengiran Seri Ratna would be the new Bendahara.
Eventually, the Spanish invaded the capital on 16 April 1578, with the help of Pengiran Seri Lela and Pengiran Seri Ratna, burning towns and raping populations. The Sultan Saiful Rijal and Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Abdul Kahar were forced to flee to Meragang then to Jerudong. In Jerudong, they made plans to chase the conquering army away from Brunei. Suffering high fatalities due to a cholera or dysentery outbreak, the Spanish decided to abandon Brunei and returned to Manila on 26 June 1578, after 72 days. Before doing so, they burned the mosque, a high structure with a five-tier roof.
The local Brunei accounts of the Castilian War differ greatly from the generally accepted view of events. What was called the Castilian War was seen as a heroic episode, with the Spaniards being driven out by Bendahara Sakam, purportedly a brother of the ruling sultan, and a thousand native warriors. Most historians consider this to be a folk-hero account, which probably developed decades or centuries after.
Brunei eventually descended into anarchy. The country suffered a civil war from 1660 to 1673.
The British have intervened in the affairs of Brunei on several occasions. Britain attacked Brunei in July 1846 due to internal conflicts over who was the rightful Sultan.
In the 1880s, the decline of the Bruneian Empire continued. The sultan granted land (now Sarawak) to James Brooke, who had helped him quell a rebellion and allowed him to establish the Raj of Sarawak. Over time, Brooke and his nephews (who succeeded him) leased or annexed more land. Brunei lost much of its territory to him and his dynasty, known as the White Rajahs.
British adventurer James Brooke negotiating with the Sultan of Brunei, which led to the signing of the Treaty of Labuan, 1846
Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin appealed to the British to stop further encroachment by the Brookes. The 'Treaty of Protection' was negotiated by Sir Hugh Low and signed into effect on 17 September 1888. The treaty said that the sultan 'could not cede or lease any territory to foreign powers without British consent'; it provided Britain effective control over Brunei's external affairs, making it a British protected state (which continued until 1984). But, when the Raj of Sarawak annexed Brunei's Pandaruan District in 1890, the British did not take any action to stop it. They did not regard either Brunei or the Raj of Sarawak as 'foreign' (per the Treaty of Protection). This final annexation by Sarawak left Brunei with its current small land mass and separation into two parts.
British residents were introduced in Brunei under the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement in 1906. The residents were to advise the sultan on all matters of administration. Over time, the resident assumed more executive control than the sultan. The residential system ended in 1959.
Petroleum was discovered in 1929 after several fruitless attempts. Two men, F. F. Marriot and T. G. Cochrane, smelled oil near the Seria river in late 1926. They informed a geophysicist, who conducted a survey there. In 1927, gas seepages were reported in the area. Seria Well Number One (S-1) was drilled on 12 July 1928. Oil was struck at 297 metres (974 ft) on 5 April 1929. Seria Well Number 2 was drilled on 19 August 1929, and, as of 2009, continues to produce oil. Oil production was increased considerably in the 1930s with the development of more oil fields. In 1940, oil production was at more than six million barrels. The British Malayan Petroleum Company (now Brunei Shell Petroleum Company) was formed on 22 July 1922. The first offshore well was drilled in 1957. Oil and natural gas have been the basis of Brunei's development and wealth since the late 20th century.
The Japanese invaded Brunei on 16 December 1941, eight days after their attack on Pearl Harbor and the United States Navy. They landed 10,000 troops of the Kawaguchi Detachment from Cam Ranh Bay at Kuala Belait. After six days' fighting, they occupied the entire country. The only Allied troops in the area were the 2nd Battalion of the 15th Punjab Regiment based at Kuching, Sarawak.
Once the Japanese occupied Brunei, they made an agreement with Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin over governing the country. Inche Ibrahim (known later as Pehin Datu Perdana Menteri Dato Laila Utama Awang Haji Ibrahim), a former Secretary to the British Resident, Ernest Edgar Pengilly, was appointed Chief Administrative Officer under the Japanese Governor. The Japanese had proposed that Pengilly retain his position under their administration, but he declined. Both he and other British nationals still in Brunei were interned by the Japanese at Batu Lintang camp in Sarawak. While the British officials were under Japanese guard, Ibrahim made a point of personally shaking each one by the hand and wishing him well.
On 10 June 1945, the Australian 9th Division landed at Muara under Operation Oboe Six to recapture Borneo from the Japanese. They were supported by American air and naval units. Brunei town was bombed extensively and recaptured after three days of heavy fighting. Many buildings were destroyed, including the Mosque. The Japanese forces in Brunei, Borneo, and Sarawak, under Lieutenant-General Masao Baba, formally surrendered at Labuan on 10 September 1945. The British Military Administration took over from the Japanese and remained until July 1946.
After World War II, a new government was formed in Brunei under the British Military Administration (BMA). It consisted mainly of Australian officers and servicemen. The administration of Brunei was passed to the Civil Administration on 6 July 1945. The Brunei State Council was also revived that year. The BMA was tasked to revive the Bruneian economy, which was extensively damaged by the Japanese during their occupation. They also had to put out the fires on the wells of Seria, which had been set by the Japanese prior to their defeat.
Brunei gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 1 January 1984. The official National Day, which celebrates the country's independence, is held by tradition on 23 February.
In October 2013, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah announced his intention to impose Penal Code from the Sharia law on the country's Muslims, which make up roughly two thirds of the country's population. This would be implemented in three phases, culminating in 2016, and making Brunei the first and only country in East Asia to introduce Sharia law into its penal code. The move attracted international criticism, the United Nations expressing 'deep concern'.
---
Culture:Typical qualification that all people groups can't be summed up in small paragraphs and this is an over generalization.
The culture of Brunei is predominantly Malay (reflecting its ethnicity), with heavy influences from Islam, but is seen as much more conservative than Indonesia and Malaysia. Influences to Bruneian culture come from the Malay cultures of the Malay Archipelago. Four periods of cultural influence have occurred, animist, Hindu, Islamic, and Western. Islam had a very strong influence, and was adopted as Brunei's ideology and philosophy.
The culture and customs of the various groups are often quite different - for instance, they differ from group to group in the adat (the unwritten village law) which regulates behavior in the individual villages.
As the indigenous people of the land, the Brunei Malay generally enjoy special privileges that are tied to the prosperity of the country - the Islamic Sultanate controls extensive petroleum and natural gas reserves. They are much favored in areas such as government employment and access to the national universities.
They enjoy medical and educational services that are relatively well developed. Revenues from petroleum production largely finance these services which are provided free of charge to the Brunei Malay. The Sultan of Brunei Darussalam also subsidizes their food and housing.
---

• Ask the Lord to call full-time Christian workers who are willing to go to Brunei and share Christ with the Malay.
• Ask God to strengthen, encourage, and protect the small number of Brunei Malay Christians.
• Ask the Holy Spirit to soften their hearts toward Christians, so that they will be receptive to the gospel.
• Ask the Lord to raise up a strong church among Brunei Malay.
• Pray that Brunei Malay will come to know Jesus as God's Son and Savior of the world.
• Pray for the Georgians, especially those in Athens who are filled with pride and desperately need the Gospel and the humility of Christ.
• Pray for our nation (the United States), that we Christians can learn to come alongside our hurting brothers and sisters and learn to carry one another's burdens in a more Christlike manner than we have done historically.
• Pray that in this time of chaos and panic that the needs of the unreached are not forgotten by the church. Pray that our hearts continue to ache to see the unreached hear the Good News.

Brothers, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for them is that they may be saved. (Romans 10:1)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Here are the previous weeks threads on the UPG of the Week for Reformed

People Group	Country	Continent	Date Posted	Beliefs
Brunei Malay	Brunei	Asia	10/18/2021	Islam
Crimean Tatars	Ukraine*	Europe*	10/11/2021	Islam
Khmer	Cambodia	Asia	10/04/2021	Buddhism
Muong	Vietnam	Asia	09/27/2021	Animsim
Afar	Djibouti	Africa	09/20/2021	Islam
Ngalong	Bhutan	Asia	09/13/2021	Buddhism*
Tajik	Afghanistan	Asia	09/06/2021	Islam
Pashayi	Afghanistan	Asia	08/30/2021	Islam
Hazara	Afghanistan	Asia	08/23/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Afghanistan	Asia	08/16/2021	Islam
Saharawi	Western Sahara	Africa	08/09/2021	Islam
Hijazi Arabs	Saudi Arabia	Asia	08/02/2021	Islam
Azerbaijani	Azerbaijan	Asia	07/26/2021	Islam
Shaikh	India	Asia	07/19/2021	Islam
Druze	Lebanon	Asia	07/12/2021	Druze
Eastern Aleut	Russia	Asia	06/28/2021	Animism
Al-Muhamasheen	Yemen	Asia	06/21/2021	Islam
Koreans	North Korea	Asia	06/14/2021	Nonreligious
Palestinians	Israel	Asia	06/07/2021	Islam
Kumyk	Turkey	Asia	05/31/2021	Islam
Tujia	China	Asia	05/24/2021	Animism
Jebala	Morocco	Africa	05/17/2021	Islam
Pashtun	Pakistan	Asia	05/10/2021	Islam
Salar	China	Asia	05/03/2021	Islam
Algerians	Algeria	Africa	04/26/2021	Islam
Sasak	Indonesia	Asia	04/19/2021	Islam
Senoufo	Mali	Africa	04/12/2021	Islam/Animism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	04/05/2021	Buddhism
Adi Dravida	India	Asia	03/29/2021	Hinduism
Northern Khmer	Thailand	Asia	03/22/2021	Buddhism
Balinese	Indonesia	Asia	03/15/2021	Hinduism
Central Kurd	Iraq	Asia	03/08/2021	Islam
Brahmin Hill	Nepal	Asia	03/01/2021	Hinduism
Bosniaks	Bosnia	Europe	02/22/2021	Islam
Guhayna	Sudan	Africa	02/15/2021	Islam
Laz	Georgia	Europe	02/08/2021	Islam
Bambara	Mali	Africa	02/01/2021	Islam/Animism
Darkhad	Mongolia	Asia	01/25/2021	Animism
South Ucayali Asheninka	Peru	South America	01/18/2021	Animism
Moroccan Arabs	Morocco	Africa	01/11/2021	Islam
Gulf Bedouin	United Arab Emirates	Asia	01/04/2021	Islam
Sinhalese	Australia	Oceania	12/28/2020	Buddhism
Rohingya	Myanmar	Asia	12/21/2020	Islam
Bosniak	Slovenia	Europe	12/14/2020	Islam
Palestinian Arabs	West Bank	Asia	12/07/2020	Islam
Larke	Nepal	Asia	11/30/2020	Buddhist
Korean (Reached People Group)	South Korea	Asia	11/23/2020	Christian
Qashqa'i	Iran	Asia	11/16/2020	Islam
Saaroa	Taiwan	Asia	11/02/2020	Animism (?)
Urdu	Ireland	Europe	10/26/2020	Islam
Wolof	Senegal	Africa	10/19/2020	Islam
Turkish Cypriot	Cyprus	Europe	10/12/2020	Islam
Awjilah	Libya	Africa	10/05/2020	Islam
Manihar	India	Asia	09/28/2020	Islam
Tianba	China	Asia	09/21/2020	Animism
Arab	Qatar	Asia	09/14/2020	Islam
Turkmen	Turkmenistan	Asia	08/31/2020	Islam
Lyuli	Uzbekistan	Asia	08/24/2020	Islam
Kyrgyz	Kyrgyzstan	Asia	08/17/2020	Islam*
Yakut	Russia	Asia	08/10/2020	Animism*
Northern Katang	Laos	Asia	08/03/2020	Animism
Uyghur	Kazakhstan	Asia	07/27/2020	Islam
Syrian (Levant Arabs)	Syria	Asia	07/20/2020	Islam
Teda	Chad	Africa	07/06/2020	Islam
Kotokoli	Togo	Africa	06/28/2020	Islam
Hobyot	Oman	Asia	06/22/2020	Islam
Moor	Sri Lanka	Asia	06/15/2020	Islam
Shaikh	Bangladesh	Asia	06/08/2020	Islam
Khalka Mongols	Mongolia	Asia	06/01/2020	Animism
Comorian	France	Europe	05/18/2020	Islam
Bedouin	Jordan	Asia	05/11/2020	Islam
Muslim Thai	Thailand	Asia	05/04/2020	Islam
Nubian	Uganda	Africa	04/27/2020	Islam
Kraol	Cambodia	Asia	04/20/2020	Animism
Tay	Vietnam	Asia	04/13/2020	Animism
Yoruk	Turkey	Asia	04/06/2020	Islam
Xiaoliangshn Nosu	China	Asia	03/30/2020	Animism
Jat (Muslim)	Pakistan	Asia	03/23/2020	Islam
Beja Bedawi	Egypt	Africa	03/16/2020	Islam
Tunisian Arabs	Tunisia	Africa	03/09/2020	Islam
Yemeni Arab	Yemen	Asia	03/02/2020	Islam
Bosniak	Croatia	Europe	02/24/2020	Islam
Azerbaijani	Georgia	Europe	02/17/2020	Islam
Zaza-Dimli	Turkey	Asia	02/10/2020	Islam
Huichol	Mexico	North America	02/03/2020	Animism
Kampuchea Krom	Cambodia	Asia	01/27/2020	Buddhism
Lao Krang	Thailand	Asia	01/20/2020	Buddhism
Gilaki	Iran	Asia	01/13/2020	Islam
Uyghurs	China	Asia	01/01/2020	Islam
Israeli Jews	Israel	Asia	12/18/2019	Judaism
Drukpa	Bhutan	Asia	12/11/2019	Buddhism
Malay	Malaysia	Asia	12/04/2019	Islam
Lisu (Reached People Group)	China	Asia	11/27/2019	Christian
Dhobi	India	Asia	11/20/2019	Hinduism
Burmese	Myanmar	Asia	11/13/2019	Buddhism
Minyak Tibetans	China	Asia	11/06/2019	Buddhism
Yazidi	Iraq	Asia	10/30/2019	Animism*
Turks	Turkey	Asia	10/23/2019	Islam
Kurds	Syria	Asia	10/16/2019	Islam
Kalmyks	Russia	Asia	10/09/2019	Buddhism
Luli	Tajikistan	Asia	10/02/2019	Islam
Japanese	Japan	Asia	09/25/2019	Shintoism
Urak Lawoi	Thailand	Asia	09/18/2019	Animism
Kim Mun	Vietnam	Asia	09/11/2019	Animism
Tai Lue	Laos	Asia	09/04/2019	Bhuddism
Sundanese	Indonesia	Asia	08/28/2019	Islam
Central Atlas Berbers	Morocco	Africa	08/21/2019	Islam
Fulani	Nigeria	Africa	08/14/2019	Islam
Sonar	India	Asia	08/07/2019	Hinduism
Pattani Malay	Thailand	Asia	08/02/2019	Islam
Thai	Thailand	Asia	07/26/2019	Buddhism
Baloch	Pakistan	Asia	07/19/2019	Islam
Alawite	Syria	Asia	07/12/2019	Islam*
Huasa	Cote d'Ivoire	Africa	06/28/2019	Islam
Chhetri	Nepal	Asia	06/21/2019	Hinduism
Beja	Sudan	Africa	06/14/2019	Islam
Yinou	China	Asia	06/07/2019	Animism
Kazakh	Kazakhstan	Asia	05/31/2019	Islam
Hui	China	Asia	05/24/2019	Islam
Masalit	Sudan	Africa	05/17/2019	Islam

As always, if you have experience in this country or with this people group, feel free to comment or let me know and I will happily edit it so that we can better pray for these peoples!
Here is a list of definitions in case you wonder what exactly I mean by words like 'Unreached'.
Here is a list of missions organizations that reach out to the world to do missions for the Glory of God.
submitted bypartypastortoReformed [link][comments]

2021.10.18 08:28 sakshikhannaaIndian Trade Data

If you're importing from overseas, we're going to help you find high great suppliers. our delivery statistics monitor clients, product lines, and exporting volumes for factories around the arena. We provide for a numerous consumer base that calls for eager insight into worldwide change. our clients encompass a number of the sector's top importers, exporters, freight forwarders, and more. Import genius tracks shipping hobbies around the world to show you precisely what’s going on in the Import-export commercial enterprise. there’s no better way to become aware of providers, connect to new customers, and find out about your competitors' supply chains. Seair Exim Solutions answers facilitate you plan enterprise growth with clean, easy, and quick dashboards to find out actual customers, dealer, reveal opposition, prices, amount primarily based on real shipment facts with an invoice of access and shipping bills filed at over 78+ nations customs. Our Indian trade records contain all critical records associated with Indian Trade Data
Export Import Data Bank India
The ideal move-to app for state-of-the-art import-export exchange intelligence, geared-up with pioneering features with relied on and authentic change records of over 82 countries. a reducing part platform that enables customers to confirm day by day export import records techniques primarily based on market insights using identifying growing products, markets, and proper fee range in conjunction with the exporter, and importer touch information. Our platform gives the authority to spruce up your India Export Import Data Bank with insightful and Customised exceptional warm dashboards. A platform that enables you to create, proportion, and collaborate while getting your team onboard, and energy through your commercial enterprise processes. We are an authentic Export Import Data Provider. We offer analysis documents on the unique demand of our customers. it is prepared by our marketplace studies experts after placing cost addition like an emblem, version, type, category, importer, exporter, and so forth. Via our analysis record, we gift information into variable charts and excel sheets. It lets you take the Right choices to your Import Export Data India Free business and find out excessive output, the proper value, and excessive growth fee. We offer evaluation records on any united states like India, the United States of America, Indonesia, Russia, and many more. The total fee of Indian imports become (approx.) $479 billion in 2019 and $509 billion in 2018, according to the India import data 2019 and 2018. India imports stand at the 10th rank many of the highpoint importers of the sector, which we will discuss, looking at import facts of India. In the meantime, you could request pattern facts of India imports, or do a life seek about India customs records on Free Import Export Data Online.
We provide you with all proper and dependable records on export-import information financial institution India. databank is an analysis and visualization device that contains collections of time-collection records on a spread of subjects. you could create your queries; generate tables, charts, and maps; and without difficulty save, embed, and share them. experience using databank. In standard, the term “statistics financial institution” is used for any public/non-public employer which connects widely widespread statistics on a selected subject (including export and Import). and in addition, offer it to users inside the public area. further, it may be an internet resource that offers export-import-associated databases for clients upon unique requests or publicly. in the past few years, the importance of export-import facts banks at the global degree has multiplied. The motive being, any start-up enterprise involved inside the import-export of merchandise among and extra nations depend upon statistics, statistics, and analytics to make the right choice. hence, databanks Generally act as one hundred% natural supply of receiving information. and in addition, make commercial enterprise decisions out of the inspection.
Custom Data
Indian Custom Data records include supplier name, client name, designated description of the merchandise, and lots extra. It acts as a boon for those who are doing import-export enterprise. the information we offer is sourced from legal Indian Customs Data departments, exchange associations, government bodies, delivery & logistics companies, port government, and other authoritative links. Customs information is collected from customs of various nations. it unfolds trading activities of 30+ international locations. the information is blanketed with corporation names. it is useful in having an in-depth marketplace analysis of commodities, companies, and countries. we provide customs facts of various nations consisting of – India, China, Indonesia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Russia, Ukraine, Ethiopia, Brazil, Mexico, America, and lots of extras. customs statistics incorporate comprehensive market intelligence facts about trading Sports of worldwide groups. it covers – importer and exporter corporations call, HS code, product specs, cargo date, price, quantity, starting place and a vacation spot in the US, port name, and extra import export shipment information.
Export import facts provider
We collect raw export-import statistics India loose trade records from the multiple country’s customs; ports & other authorities, then our expert system the facts and add price addition fields in it. we carefully validate and verify export-import facts Before handing them over to our customer. our maximum of the facts is based on real shipment records. Seair Exim Solutions help importers, exporters, manufacturers, brokers, research corporations, logistics & delivery agencies, and banks to make bigger their business to the subsequent degree. our worldwide export-import facts & alternate intelligence reviews will virtually take your business to a brand-new top.
Why You Pick Out Us?

• Serve 80+ international locations alternate information with unique data of Ethiopia, Uganda, South Africa, Indonesia, Philippines &Pakistan.
• Ancient data is also available
• Aggressive charge inside the marketplace
• Customized file as consistent with client’s requirement
• Our information is a hundred% true & tested.
• Our product perception, in particular designed for logistic businesses.

Benefits

Dating In The Dark Usa Season 1 Episode 6

• Get new clients
• Identify untapped markets for your product
• Music your competitor’s shipment
• Generate new leads from throughout the globe
• Lessen fee of sourcing
• Lessen risk and fraud
• Examine worldwide or nearby trade trends
• Examine the market capability of your Product
• Competitive price in the marketplace
• Customized document as consistent with patron’s requirement
• Our information is one hundred% true & validated.
• Our product perception, specially designed for logistic businesses.

View More
submitted bysakshikhannaatou/sakshikhannaa [link][comments]

Expat Dating in Germany - chatting and dating - Front page DE

Hello today!
I am 5'8/174cm dark brown hair, beard,dark blue/green eyes and I am not gonna lie im a bit on the bigger side. But I do take diet seriously and I am planning on working out more now that covid calmed down a bit.

I love music, adore it, been into music ever since I was a kid. Everything to hard rock and metal, to hip hop, to modern pop. I'm a massive history nerd, specifically military history. I read articles, watch lectures, listen to podcasts, follow historians on twitter and YouTube. I love combat sports/martial arts and watch MMA. I am a huge movie buff, my favourite era being the 80s and 90s American cinema. But if you love to watch and discuss movies that would be incredible. I also play videogames, I play mostly on PC and a lot of co-op games. Strategy games, shooters and RPGs are my favourites.

Dating In The Dark Us

Politically I am libertarian, pretty centre left on most issues but also pretty right wing on some issues.
I try and think critically over emotionally but there are some things I am incredibly passionate about.

In terms of what I'm interested in, I like Cis-f, Cis-M (though usually the more twinky/Femme types).

Anyway please don't be afraid to message me and talk to me on Discord.

Thanks for reading and hope to hear from you!